无法构建简单的 Boost XML 序列化示例

Question

我正在尝试使用 Boost 序列化库对即将进行的项目进行一些试验

我知道 Boost 序列化库必须与其他项目/头文件分开编译。我在 Ubuntu 10.04 上为此安装了一个包，包括 boost1.40-dev 和序列化库 libboost-serialization1.40.0。

在我的新 Net Beans 项目中，我尝试了一个简单的示例来查看是否可以运行。示例如下：

/* 
 * File:   main.C
 * Author: Doug Swain
 *
 * Created on January 20, 2011, 11:05 AM
 */

#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/archive/xml_iarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp>

int main() {
    std::ofstream ofs("filename.xml");
    boost::archive::xml_oarchive oa(ofs);

    return 0;
}

然后是编译器错误：

"/usr/bin/make" -f nbproject/Makefile-Debug.mk QMAKE= SUBPROJECTS= .build-conf
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/doug/BoostSerialization'
"/usr/bin/make"  -f nbproject/Makefile-Debug.mk dist/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/boostserialization
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/doug/BoostSerialization'
mkdir -p build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86
rm -f build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o.d
g++    -c -g -I/usr/include/boost/serialization -I/usr/include/boost -I/usr/include/boost/archive -MMD -MP -MF build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o.d -o build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o main.C
mkdir -p dist/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86
g++     -o dist/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/boostserialization build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o -L/usr/include/boost/serialization -L/usr/include/boost -L/usr/include/boost/archive 
build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o: In function `xml_oarchive':
/usr/include/boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp:100: undefined reference to `boost::archive::xml_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::xml_oarchive_impl(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, unsigned int)'
build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o: In function `~xml_oarchive_impl':
/usr/include/boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp:73: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_xml_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::~basic_xml_oarchive()'
/usr/include/boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp:73: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::~basic_text_oprimitive()'
/usr/include/boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp:73: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::~basic_text_oprimitive()'
/usr/include/boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp:73: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_xml_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::~basic_xml_oarchive()'
/usr/include/boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp:73: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::~basic_text_oprimitive()'
/usr/include/boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp:73: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::~basic_text_oprimitive()'
/usr/include/boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp:73: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_xml_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::~basic_xml_oarchive()'
/usr/include/boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp:73: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::~basic_text_oprimitive()'
/usr/include/boost/archive/xml_oarchive.hpp:73: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::~basic_text_oprimitive()'
build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o:(.rodata._ZTIN5boost7archive6detail15common_oarchiveINS0_12xml_oarchiveEEE[typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::common_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>]+0x10): undefined reference to `typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::basic_oarchive'
build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o: In function `boost::archive::xml_oarchive& boost::archive::detail::interface_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::operator<< <boost::archive::version_type const>(boost::archive::version_type const&)':
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_oarchive.hpp:64: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_xml_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::save_override(boost::archive::version_type const&, int)'
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/doug/BoostSerialization'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/doug/BoostSerialization'
build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o: In function `boost::archive::xml_oarchive& boost::archive::detail::interface_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::operator<< <boost::archive::object_id_type const>(boost::archive::object_id_type const&)':
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_oarchive.hpp:64: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_xml_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::save_override(boost::archive::object_id_type const&, int)'
build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o: In function `boost::archive::xml_oarchive& boost::archive::detail::interface_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::operator<< <boost::archive::object_reference_type const>(boost::archive::object_reference_type const&)':
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_oarchive.hpp:64: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_xml_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::save_override(boost::archive::object_reference_type const&, int)'
build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o: In function `boost::archive::xml_oarchive& boost::archive::detail::interface_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::operator<< <boost::archive::class_id_type const>(boost::archive::class_id_type const&)':
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_oarchive.hpp:64: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_xml_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::save_override(boost::archive::class_id_type const&, int)'
build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o: In function `boost::archive::xml_oarchive& boost::archive::detail::interface_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::operator<< <boost::archive::class_id_optional_type const>(boost::archive::class_id_optional_type const&)':
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_oarchive.hpp:64: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_xml_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::save_override(boost::archive::class_id_optional_type const&, int)'
build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o: In function `boost::archive::xml_oarchive& boost::archive::detail::interface_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::operator<< <boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const>(boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const&)':
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_oarchive.hpp:64: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_xml_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::save_override(boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const&, int)'
build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o: In function `boost::archive::xml_oarchive& boost::archive::detail::interface_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::operator<< <boost::archive::class_name_type const>(boost::archive::class_name_type const&)':
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_oarchive.hpp:64: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_xml_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::save_override(boost::archive::class_name_type const&, int)'
build/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/main.o: In function `boost::archive::xml_oarchive& boost::archive::detail::interface_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::operator<< <boost::archive::tracking_type const>(boost::archive::tracking_type const&)':
/usr/include/boost/archive/detail/interface_oarchive.hpp:64: undefined reference to `boost::archive::basic_xml_oarchive<boost::archive::xml_oarchive>::save_override(boost::archive::tracking_type const&, int)'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [dist/Debug/GNU-Linux-x86/boostserialization] Error 1
make[1]: *** [.build-conf] Error 2
make: *** [.build-impl] Error 2

我已经验证了这些标头确实存在（NetBeans 可以在尝试构建它们之前找到它）。我还确保尽我所知更新包含目录和库目录：

Answer 1

这些不是编译器错误，而是链接器错误。您需要链接 Boost 序列化库，可能称为 libboost_serialization.a 或类似的名称。

Answer 2

除了包含来自 boost 的头文件之外，您还必须链接到 boost 库才能使用它的功能。