无法编译简单的 Boost MPI 示例

Question

我尝试使用以下代码将 MPI 与 C++ Boost 一起使用：

#include <boost/mpi/environment.hpp>
#include <boost/mpi/communicator.hpp>
#include <iostream>
namespace mpi = boost::mpi;

int main()
{
  mpi::environment env;
  mpi::communicator world;
  std::cout << "I am process " << world.rank() << "on " << world.size() << "." << std::endl;
  return 0;
}

我已经编译并安装了 boost mpi：

 ~ ls /usr/local/include/boost | grep mpi
mpi
mpi.hpp
~ ls /usr/local/lib | grep mpi   
libboost_mpi.a
libboost_mpi.so
libboost_mpi.so.1.62.0

 ~ ls /usr/local/lib | grep serialization                                                                                 
libboost_serialization.a
libboost_serialization.so
libboost_serialization.so.1.62.0
libboost_wserialization.a
libboost_wserialization.so
libboost_wserialization.so.1.62.0

编译使用

mpic++ -L/usr/local/lib -I/usr/local/include/boost/mpi -lboost_mpi-gcc-mt-1_35 -lboost_serialization MPIBoostBindingExample.cpp -o MPIBoostBindingExample

但仍然有错误提示：

/tmp/ccKVwnKR.o: In function `main':
MPIBoostBindingExample.cpp:(.text+0x27): undefined reference to `boost::mpi::environment::environment(bool)'
MPIBoostBindingExample.cpp:(.text+0x33): undefined reference to `boost::mpi::communicator::communicator()'
MPIBoostBindingExample.cpp:(.text+0x3f): undefined reference to `boost::mpi::communicator::size() const'
MPIBoostBindingExample.cpp:(.text+0x4d): undefined reference to `boost::mpi::communicator::rank() const'
MPIBoostBindingExample.cpp:(.text+0xb8): undefined reference to `boost::mpi::environment::~environment()'
MPIBoostBindingExample.cpp:(.text+0xeb): undefined reference to `boost::mpi::environment::~environment()'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

有什么帮助吗？

Answer 1

如果我只添加-lboost_mpi，对我有用（Ubuntu 16.04）。

您的代码（模数小修改）：

edd@max:/tmp$ cat boostmpi.cpp 
#include <boost/mpi/environment.hpp>
#include <boost/mpi/communicator.hpp>
#include <iostream>
namespace mpi = boost::mpi;

int main() {
  mpi::environment env;
  mpi::communicator world;
  std::cout << "I am process " << world.rank() 
            << " on " << world.size() << "." << std::endl;
  return 0;
}
edd@max:/tmp$ 

我们只是使用上述库进行编译（默认情况下mpic++ 不知道）

edd@max:/tmp$ mpic++ -o boostmpi boostmpi.cpp -lboost_mpi
edd@max:/tmp$ orterun ./boostmpi
I am process 2 on 4.
I am process 3 on 4.
I am process 0 on 4.
I am process 1 on 4.
edd@max:/tmp$ 

这得益于 Boost 头文件和其他库具有“系统”状态这一事实，即可以通过额外的 -I 或 -L 标志访问。