无法构建示例 boost 序列化答案

【问题标题】：can't build example boost serialization无法构建示例 boost 序列化
【发布时间】：2013-05-14 14:38:19
【问题描述】：
我尝试构建我在这里找到的第一个示例：Boost serialization tutorial 但我得到这个错误：
Undefined symbols:
"boost::archive::archive_exception::~archive_exception()", referenced from:
  void boost::serialization::throw_exception<boost::archive::archive_exception>(boost::archive::archive_exception const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<int>(int&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<int>(int&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<float>(float&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<float>(float&)in main.o
  boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save(float)in main.o
  boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save(float)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::tracking_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::tracking_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::object_reference_type>(boost::archive::object_reference_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::object_reference_type>(boost::archive::object_reference_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::object_id_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::object_id_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<unsigned int>(unsigned int const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<unsigned int>(unsigned int const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::tracking_type&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::tracking_type&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::object_id_type&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::object_id_type&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<unsigned int>(unsigned int&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<unsigned int>(unsigned int&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<int>(int const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<int>(int const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::class_id_reference_type>(boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::class_id_reference_type>(boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::class_id_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::class_id_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::class_id_type&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::class_id_type&)in main.o
"boost::serialization::typeid_system::extended_type_info_typeid_0::extended_type_info_typeid_0(char const*)", referenced from:
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
"boost::archive::detail::basic_oarchive::end_preamble()", referenced from:
  void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, float>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, float const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::tracking_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::object_reference_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::object_reference_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::object_id_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::version_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::version_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, int>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, int const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::class_id_reference_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, boost::archive::class_id_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)in main.o
"typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::basic_oarchive", referenced from:
  boost::archive::text_oarchive& boost::serialization::smart_cast_impl::reference<boost::archive::text_oarchive&>::polymorphic::cross::cast<boost::archive::detail::basic_oarchive>(boost::archive::detail::basic_oarchive&)in main.o
  typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::common_oarchive<boost::archive::text_oarchive>in main.o
"boost::archive::text_iarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::load_override(boost::archive::class_name_type&, int)", referenced from:
  boost::archive::text_iarchive& boost::archive::detail::interface_iarchive<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::operator>><boost::archive::class_name_type>(boost::archive::class_name_type&)in main.o
"boost::archive::detail::basic_oserializer::~basic_oserializer()", referenced from:
  boost::archive::detail::oserializer<boost::archive::text_oarchive, gps_position>::~oserializer()in main.o
  boost::archive::detail::oserializer<boost::archive::text_oarchive, gps_position>::~oserializer()in main.o
  boost::archive::detail::oserializer<boost::archive::text_oarchive, gps_position>::~oserializer()in main.o
"boost::archive::archive_exception::archive_exception(boost::archive::archive_exception::exception_code, char const*, char const*)", referenced from:
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<int>(int&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<float>(float&)in main.o
  boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save(float)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::tracking_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::object_reference_type>(boost::archive::object_reference_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::object_id_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<unsigned int>(unsigned int const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::tracking_type&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::object_id_type&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<unsigned int>(unsigned int&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<int>(int const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::class_id_reference_type>(boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::save<boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::class_id_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::load<boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::class_id_type&)in main.o
"typeinfo for boost::archive::archive_exception", referenced from:
  void boost::serialization::throw_exception<boost::archive::archive_exception>(boost::archive::archive_exception const&)in main.o
"boost::archive::basic_text_iprimitive<std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::~basic_text_iprimitive()", referenced from:
  boost::archive::text_iarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::~text_iarchive_impl()in main.o
  boost::archive::text_iarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::~text_iarchive_impl()in main.o
  boost::archive::text_iarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::~text_iarchive_impl()in main.o
  boost::archive::text_iarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::~text_iarchive_impl()in main.o
  boost::archive::text_iarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::~text_iarchive_impl()in main.o
  boost::archive::text_iarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::~text_iarchive_impl()in main.o
"vtable for boost::archive::archive_exception", referenced from:
  boost::archive::archive_exception::archive_exception(boost::archive::archive_exception const&)in main.o
  boost::archive::archive_exception::archive_exception(boost::archive::archive_exception const&)in main.o
"boost::serialization::extended_type_info::key_unregister() const", referenced from:
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
"boost::archive::text_iarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::text_iarchive_impl(std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, unsigned int)", referenced from:
  boost::archive::text_iarchive::text_iarchive(std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, unsigned int)in main.o
"boost::serialization::typeid_system::extended_type_info_typeid_0::is_equal(boost::serialization::extended_type_info const&) const", referenced from:
  vtable for boost::serialization::detail::singleton_wrapper<boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position> >in main.o
  vtable for boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>in main.o
"boost::serialization::typeid_system::extended_type_info_typeid_0::~extended_type_info_typeid_0()", referenced from:
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
"boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save(std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)", referenced from:
  void boost::archive::save_access::save_primitive<boost::archive::text_oarchive, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)in main.o
"boost::archive::detail::basic_oarchive::~basic_oarchive()", referenced from:
  boost::archive::detail::common_oarchive<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~common_oarchive()in main.o
  boost::archive::detail::common_oarchive<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~common_oarchive()in main.o
  boost::archive::detail::common_oarchive<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~common_oarchive()in main.o
"typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::basic_iarchive", referenced from:
  boost::archive::text_iarchive& boost::serialization::smart_cast_impl::reference<boost::archive::text_iarchive&>::polymorphic::cross::cast<boost::archive::detail::basic_iarchive>(boost::archive::detail::basic_iarchive&)in main.o
  typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::common_iarchive<boost::archive::text_iarchive>in main.o
"boost::serialization::typeid_system::extended_type_info_typeid_0::type_unregister()", referenced from:
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::~extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
"boost::archive::detail::basic_iarchive::load_object(void*, boost::archive::detail::basic_iserializer const&)", referenced from:
  void boost::archive::detail::load_non_pointer_type<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::load_standard::invoke<gps_position>(boost::archive::text_iarchive&, gps_position const&)in main.o
"typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::basic_oserializer", referenced from:
  typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::oserializer<boost::archive::text_oarchive, gps_position>in main.o
"boost::serialization::extended_type_info::key_register() const", referenced from:
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
"boost::archive::detail::basic_iserializer::basic_iserializer(boost::serialization::extended_type_info const&)", referenced from:
  boost::archive::detail::iserializer<boost::archive::text_iarchive, gps_position>::iserializer()in main.o
"boost::archive::detail::basic_iarchive::~basic_iarchive()", referenced from:
  boost::archive::detail::common_iarchive<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::~common_iarchive()in main.o
  boost::archive::detail::common_iarchive<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::~common_iarchive()in main.o
  boost::archive::detail::common_iarchive<boost::archive::text_iarchive>::~common_iarchive()in main.o
"boost::archive::detail::shared_ptr_helper::shared_ptr_helper()", referenced from:
  boost::archive::text_iarchive::text_iarchive(std::basic_istream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, unsigned int)in main.o
"boost::archive::detail::basic_iserializer::~basic_iserializer()", referenced from:
  boost::archive::detail::iserializer<boost::archive::text_iarchive, gps_position>::~iserializer()in main.o
  boost::archive::detail::iserializer<boost::archive::text_iarchive, gps_position>::~iserializer()in main.o
  boost::archive::detail::iserializer<boost::archive::text_iarchive, gps_position>::~iserializer()in main.o
"boost::archive::basic_text_oarchive<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::newtoken()", referenced from:
  void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<float>(float const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<boost::archive::tracking_type>(boost::archive::tracking_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<boost::archive::object_reference_type>(boost::archive::object_reference_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<boost::archive::object_id_type>(boost::archive::object_id_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<unsigned int>(unsigned int const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<int>(int const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<boost::archive::class_id_reference_type>(boost::archive::class_id_reference_type const&)in main.o
  void boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save<boost::archive::class_id_type>(boost::archive::class_id_type const&)in main.o
"typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::basic_iserializer", referenced from:
  typeinfo for boost::archive::detail::iserializer<boost::archive::text_iarchive, gps_position>in main.o
"typeinfo for boost::serialization::typeid_system::extended_type_info_typeid_0", referenced from:
  typeinfo for boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>in main.o
"boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::text_oarchive_impl(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, unsigned int)", referenced from:
  boost::archive::text_oarchive::text_oarchive(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, unsigned int)in main.o
"boost::archive::detail::shared_ptr_helper::~shared_ptr_helper()", referenced from:
  boost::archive::text_iarchive::~text_iarchive()in main.o
  boost::archive::text_iarchive::~text_iarchive()in main.o
"boost::serialization::typeid_system::extended_type_info_typeid_0::type_register(std::type_info const&)", referenced from:
  boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>::extended_type_info_typeid()in main.o
"boost::archive::detail::basic_oarchive::save_object(void const*, boost::archive::detail::basic_oserializer const&)", referenced from:
  void boost::archive::detail::save_non_pointer_type<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::save_standard::invoke<gps_position>(boost::archive::text_oarchive&, gps_position const&)in main.o
"boost::serialization::typeid_system::extended_type_info_typeid_0::is_less_than(boost::serialization::extended_type_info const&) const", referenced from:
  vtable for boost::serialization::detail::singleton_wrapper<boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position> >in main.o
  vtable for boost::serialization::extended_type_info_typeid<gps_position>in main.o
"boost::archive::detail::basic_oserializer::basic_oserializer(boost::serialization::extended_type_info const&)", referenced from:
  boost::archive::detail::oserializer<boost::archive::text_oarchive, gps_position>::oserializer()in main.o
"boost::archive::basic_text_oprimitive<std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> > >::~basic_text_oprimitive()", referenced from:
  boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~text_oarchive_impl()in main.o
  boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~text_oarchive_impl()in main.o
  boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~text_oarchive_impl()in main.o
  boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~text_oarchive_impl()in main.o
  boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~text_oarchive_impl()in main.o
  boost::archive::text_oarchive_impl<boost::archive::text_oarchive>::~text_oarchive_impl()in main.o
ld: symbol(s) not found
我真的不明白我错在哪里。我的代码与示例完全相同。有人能解释一下如何解决这个问题吗？
【问题讨论】：
您是否已将您的应用程序与 boost_serialization 关联起来？
我有 usr/lib 下的 boost 库和 usr/include 下的包含文件。而且我从来没有遇到过使用 boost 链接库的问题。
因为大多数 boost 只是标题。对于 boost 序列化，您需要链接 boost。你能显示你的编译器命令吗？
我使用 netbeans 编译，命令是： "/usr/bin/make" -f nbproject/Makefile-Debug.mk QMAKE= SUBPROJECTS= .build-conf "/usr/bin/make" -f nbproject/Makefile-Debug.mk dist/Debug/GNU-MacOSX/boostserial mkdir -p dist/Debug/GNU-MacOSX g++ -o dist/Debug/GNU-MacOSX/boostserial build/Debug/GNU-MacOSX/main. o
标签： c++ serialization boost boost-serialization
【解决方案1】：
看来你没有链接boost序列化。
右键单击您的项目，转到“属性”，在“构建”选项卡下查找“链接器”。您需要在此处指定链接路径和动态/静态库。
【讨论】：
boost 库位于默认路径 (usr/lib) 中。例如，使用 boost graph 我没有得到任何错误，我不需要在项目属性中添加路径。
但是提升图只是标题，因此不需要链接。序列化是一个库，因此需要链接：boost.org/doc/libs/1_35_0/more/getting_started/…
【解决方案2】：
您必须确保编译您的应用程序和您的 boost 库的编译器版本相同...当我尝试将库编译链接到两个不同版本的编译器 g++ 4.1 和 g++ 4.4 时，我收到了类似的错误消息举个例子……
【讨论】：