如何使用 Javascript 转移替换功能来替换多个字符？

Question

我使用这个代码：

<script type="text/javascript">
    function transfer(which) {
        which = which.replace(/[\-]+/g,'-');    // to remove extra hypens
                which = which.replace( 'č', 'c' ); 
                which = which.replace( 'ē', 'e' ); 
                which = which.replace( 'ģ', 'g' ); 
                which = which.replace( 'ī', 'i' ); 
                which = which.replace( 'ķ', 'k' );
                which = which.replace( 'ļ', 'l' ); 
                which = which.replace( 'ņ', 'n' ); 
                which = which.replace( 'ū', 'u' ); 
                which = which.replace( 'ž', 'z' ); 
                which = which.replace( 'š', 's' ); 
                which = which.replace( 'ā', 'a' );  
        which = which.replace(/\s/g,'-'); // to replace spaces with hypens
        which = which.replace(/[\-]+/g,'-');    // to remove extra hypens
        which = which.replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9\-]/g,'').toLowerCase(); // to convert to lower case 
        document.getElementById("url_slug").value = which;
   }
</script>

如您所见，现在有很多更改的字符，但我还需要将所有俄文字符更改为拉丁文。如果我这样做，我的代码会很长。 所以我的问题是：是否可以使用 Javascript 转移替换功能替换许多字符而不是每行一个字符。 类似于 PHP 的东西

 $cyr  = array('а','б','в','г','д','e','ж','з','и','й','к','л','м','н','о','п','р','с','т','у', 
        'ф','х','ц','ч','ш','щ','ъ','ь', 'ю','я','А','Б','В','Г','Д','Е','Ж','З','И','Й','К','Л','М','Н','О','П','Р','С','Т','У',
        'Ф','Х','Ц','Ч','Ш','Щ','Ъ','Ь', 'Ю','Я' );
        $lat = array( 'a','b','v','g','d','e','zh','z','i','y','k','l','m','n','o','p','r','s','t','u',
        'f' ,'h' ,'ts' ,'ch','sh' ,'sht' ,'a' ,'y' ,'yu' ,'ya','A','B','V','G','D','E','Zh',
        'Z','I','Y','K','L','M','N','O','P','R','S','T','U',
        'F' ,'H' ,'Ts' ,'Ch','Sh' ,'Sht' ,'A' ,'Y' ,'Yu' ,'Ya' );
        $textcyr = str_replace($cyr, $lat, $textcyr);

Answer 1

朋友，在 javascript 中没有像 str_replace 这样的内置方法...但是您可以通过使用此名称创建函数来创建此方法...在您的 javascript 文件或 @987654322 下附加以下函数html页面中的@标签...

function str_replace(search, replace, subject){ // same as php
    for(var i=0;i<search.length;i++){
        subject=subject.replace(new RegExp(search[i],"g"),replace[i]);
    }
    return subject;
}

使用方法：

var cyr = ['а','б','в','г','д','e','ж','з','и','й','к','л','м',
           'н','о','п','р','с','т','у','ф','х','ц','ч','ш','щ',
           'ъ','ь','ю','я','А','Б','В','Г','Д','Е','Ж','З','И',
           'Й','К','Л','М','Н','О','П','Р','С','Т','У','Ф','Х',
           'Ц','Ч','Ш','Щ','Ъ','Ь', 'Ю','Я'],
    lat = ['a','b','v','g','d','e','zh','z','i','y','k','l','m',
           'n','o','p','r','s','t','u','f','h','ts','ch','sh',
           'sht','a','y','yu','ya','A','B','V','G','D','E','Zh',
           'Z','I','Y','K','L','M','N','O','P','R','S','T','U',
           'F' ,'H' ,'Ts','Ch','Sh','Sht','A','Y','Yu','Ya'];

textcyr = str_replace(cyr, lat, textcyr);

如果您想将方法名称 str_replace 更改为其他名称，只需更改函数名称...

Answer 2

JavaScript 中没有内置函数来执行此操作，但您可以很容易地创建自己的函数。在对象中创建俄语到拉丁语的映射，然后使用for..in 循环遍历该对象。对于循环处理的每个键值对，进行替换。

function transfer(which) {
    // define a Russian-to-Latin mapping object
    var map = {
                'б':'b',
                'в':'v',
                 // all the rest ...
              };

    // replace non-Latin chars with Latin replacements
    for(cyr in map) {
        var lat = map[cyr];
        which = which.replace(new RegExp(cyr, 'g'), lat);

        // Or without RexExp: 
        //   which = which.split(cyr).join(lat);
    }

    // general cleanup
    which = which.replace(/\s/g,'-')      // spaces to hyphens
                 .replace(/[\-]+/g,'-')   // remove duplicate hyphens
                 .replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9\-]/g,'').toLowerCase();

    // show the result
    document.getElementById("url_slug").value = which;
}

请注意，当replace 与字符串一起用作其第一个参数时，它只会替换字符串的第一个实例（例如，"aaa".replace('a','b') 返回"baa"，而不是"bbb"）。您需要使用全局正则表达式多次替换字符串，就像我在示例中所做的那样。只要确保你的俄语没有任何特殊的正则表达式字符，如^、$、(、) 等（但从你的例子来看，我猜这不会有问题） . 或者，您可以使用我作为评论添加的split/join 解决方案。

根据您的需要，您可以提供 map 对象作为参数，而不是将其内置到函数中。