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A few years ago, people were predicting the death of PC gaming as we know it. Those people are feasting on an abundance of humble pie, as PC games remain a cornerstone of the industry: digital delivery gives us more variety than ever before, and even the relatively niche market of performance gaming hardware has never been more healthy. But even the most humble of PC gamers needs a graphics card (well, sort of), and it’s one of the most frequent upgrades gamers make. But is now a good time to buy one?
几年前，人们已经知道PC游戏的消亡。 由于PC游戏仍然是该行业的基石，因此这些人正饱受卑微的束缚：数字交付为我们提供了比以往更多的多样性，甚至相对小众的高性能游戏硬件市场也从未如此健康。 但是，即使是最不起眼的PC游戏玩家也需要图形卡(很好)，这是游戏玩家最频繁进行的升级之一。 但是现在是购买一个的好时机吗？
Short answer: No. It’s been a good while since both AMD and NVIDIA updated their graphics card lines, meaning that newer, more powerful options are just around the corner. And when those new cards arrive, current cards (which are more than adequate at all levels) should get a little cheaper. Combine that with an inflated market thanks to cryptocurrency mining, and the only cards that make sense to buy right now are low-end, entry-level GPUs for basic gaming and media.
简短的回答：否。自从AMD和NVIDIA都更新了他们的图形卡产品线以来已经好了一段时间，这意味着更新，更强大的选项就在眼前。 当这些新卡到货时，当前的卡(在所有级别上都绰绰有余)应该会便宜一些。 由于采用了加密货币挖矿技术，因此将市场与膨胀的市场相结合，目前唯一值得购买的卡是面向基本游戏和媒体的低端入门级GPU。
NVIDIA GTX 900和AMD RX 400/500卡出奇地强大 (NVIDIA GTX 900 and AMD RX 400/500 Cards Are Surprisingly Powerful)
The GeForce GTX 900 series was introduced in late 2014, though NVIDIA had already been using some of its “Maxwell” class manufacturing techniques for the mid-range GTX 750 and 750 Ti cards. In addition to the usual bumps in pure speed for the processors and local memory, 900-series GPUs also expanded support for performance at higher 4K resolutions and VR applications for the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift. NVIDIA’s previous-gen lineup consists of the following cards, from least expensive to most expensive and powerful, in various packages customized by OEM vendors:
GeForce GTX 900系列于2014年末推出，尽管NVIDIA已将其“ Maxwell”级制造技术用于中端GTX 750和750 Ti卡。 除了处理器和本地内存的正常纯速度提高之外，900系列GPU还扩展了对更高4K分辨率和HTC Vive和Oculus Rift的VR应用程序性能的支持。 NVIDIA的上一代产品阵容由OEM供应商定制的各种包装中的以下卡组成，从最便宜到最昂贵和功能强大：
- GTX 950 GTX 950
- GTX 960 GTX 960
- GTX 970 GTX 970
- GTX 980 GTX 980
- GTX 980 Ti GTX 980钛
- GTX TITAN XGTX泰坦X
The GTX 970 is worth a particular note here: a unique design on its memory bus means that the stated 4GB memory capacity on the reference card can’t all be accessed at the highest 224-bit bus speed. This lowers performance versus a similar system with high-speed access to all memory. Consumers were upset when this was discovered, and NVIDIA settled a class-action lawsuit over the matter. Nevertheless, the GTX 970 sold well and continues to be a good option for gaming builds.
GTX 970在这里值得特别注意：其内存总线上的独特设计意味着无法以最高224位总线速度全部访问参考卡上规定的4GB内存容量。 与具有高速访问所有内存的类似系统相比，这会降低性能。 发现此消息后，消费者感到沮丧， NVIDIA就此事解决了集体诉讼。 不过，GTX 970的销量很好，并且仍然是游戏构建的不错选择。
The equivalent generation of AMD Radeon cards is the R 300 series, first released in late 2015. But since AMD is in a distant second place when it comes to market share, their newer cards tend to be much more competitive in price, so the newer generation is still going head-to-head with NVIDIA’s older designs. The RX 400 series, first on sale in late 2016, is the logical match-up to the GTX 900, while still being cheaper at every level:
同等一代的AMD Radeon卡是R 300系列，该系列于2015年底首次发布。但是，由于AMD在市场份额方面处于遥遥领先的第二位，因此它们的新卡在价格上往往更具竞争力，因此， NVIDIA的早期设计仍在与一代人并驾齐驱。 RX 400系列于2016年底首次发售，是与GTX 900的合理搭配，同时在各个级别上仍然更便宜：
- RX 460 RX 460
- RX 470 RX 470
- RX 480 RX 480
在Vega发布后，NVIDIA和AMD争夺高端产品 (NVIDIA and AMD Are Fighting Hard for the High End After Vega’s Release)
The GTX 1000 series, first released to market in May of 2016 with the GTX 1080, adds support for new CUDA features, the DisplayPort 1.4 and HDMI 2.0b standards, support for faster memory, and a dynamic load-balancing scheduling system. The architecture series, “Pascal,” is a considerable boost over Maxwell. The current lineup of desktop cards is as follows:
GTX 1000系列于2016年5月首次与GTX 1080一起投放市场，增加了对新CUDA功能，DisplayPort 1.4和HDMI 2.0b标准的支持，对更快的内存的支持以及动态负载平衡调度系统。 “ Pascal”架构系列是对Maxwell的极大推动。 当前的台式机卡阵容如下：
- GTX 1050 GTX 1050
- GTX 1050 Ti GTX 1050钛
- GTX 1060GTX 1060
- GTX 1070 GTX 1070
- GTX 1080 GTX 1080
- GTX 1080 Ti GTX 1080 Ti
- GTX Titan XP GTX Titan XP
- GTX Titan V GTX Titan V
NVIDIA-branded cards can generally be split into three categories: budget (X50 and X60), high-end (X70 and X80), and super-high end (X80 TI cards and above). Even the budget cards can handle most new games at 1080p resolution with 60 frames per second performance. Upgrading to faster and more robust cards is an option for those who want to play with extremely high visual settings, at 2K and 4K resolutions, and with demanding virtual reality headsets.
NVIDIA品牌的卡通常可分为三类：预算(X50和X60)，高端(X70和X80)和超高端(X80 TI卡及更高版本)。 甚至预算卡也可以处理每秒60帧的1080p分辨率的大多数新游戏。 对于那些想要以极高的视觉设置，2K和4K分辨率以及要求苛刻的虚拟现实耳机进行游戏的人来说，可以选择升级到更快，更耐用的卡。
AMD’s RX Vega series, newly launched in August of 2017, are a breath of fresh air offering competition to NVIDIA’s GTX 1000-series cards. The new 14nm GPU design is offered in two tiers, Vega 56 and Vega 64, with a slightly more powerful Vega 64 Liquid variant equipped with a factory-installed liquid cooling loop and radiator. The three new cards are assigned MSRPs of $400, $500, and $600*, in that order.
AMD的RX Vega系列于2017年8月新推出，为NVIDIA的GTX 1000系列卡提供了新鲜的竞争。 新的14nm GPU设计分为Vega 56和Vega 64两层，功能稍强的Vega 64 Liquid版本配备了工厂安装的液体冷却回路和散热器。 依次为这三张新卡分配了建议零售价$ 400，$ 500和$ 600 *。
- RX Vega 56 RX Vega 56
- RX Vega 64 RX Vega 64
- RX Vega 64 Liquid RX Vega 64液体
Based on initial reviews, the Vega 56 and Vega 64 GPUs offer the toe-to-toe competition to NVIDIA’s GTX 1080 and 1070 designs that AMD fans have been craving for several cycles, handily beating the older top-tier Radeon Fury cards. However, even with slightly boosted core clocks and a higher energy draw, benchmarks show that the liquid-cooled RX Vega 64 can’t quite measure up to the GTX 1080 Ti. An even more powerful Vega variant, possibly reviving the Fury label, would seem to be a decent bet sometime next year as the line fills out above and below.
根据初步审查，Vega 56和Vega 64 GPU可以与NVIDIA的GTX 1080和1070设计进行逐鹿竞争，AMD爱好者已经渴望了好几个周期，轻而易举地击败了较老的顶级Radeon Fury卡。 但是，即使内核时钟稍有提高，能耗也更高，基准测试仍然表明，液冷RX Vega 64不能完全达到GTX 1080 Ti的水平。 一个更强大的Vega变体，可能会复兴Fury的商标，由于该系列的上下填充线似乎在明年某个时候是不错的选择。
A step down from the GTX 1080 Ti might be an acceptable compromise for many users, since the MSRP is $150-200 cheaper on the AMD side of the fence…but AMD cards also require more power draw than their NVIDIA rivals, erasing a modest savings over two to fours years of an upgrade cycle. Some buyers might even have to get a more beefy power supply, or upgrade to a better one in a new build, just to run the Vega cards. So keep that in mind.
从GTX 1080 Ti降级对于许多用户来说可能是一个可以接受的折衷方案，因为厂商建议零售价在篱笆的AMD端便宜150-200美元…但是，与NVIDIA竞争对手相比，AMD卡还需要更多的功耗，从而节省了不多的节省。升级周期超过2至4年。 为了运行Vega卡，某些购买者甚至可能不得不获得更强大的电源，或者在新版本中升级到更好的电源。 所以记住这一点。
More importantly, with AMD now offering real competition to NVIDIA’s latest cards, their prices will be inflated as manufacturers rush to get a small amount of initial units on retailer shelves. It will likely be several months before AMD will be able to meet an increased demand. NVIDIA has that long to come up with a response with a new generation of cards…which seems unlikely (see below). So instead, they’ll lower prices to keep competitive with AMD. At the high end, gamers looking to save money should wait for the end last quarter of this year before making that big buy.
更重要的是，由于AMD现在提供了与NVIDIA最新显卡的真正竞争，随着制造商急于在零售商的货架上获得少量初始产品，其价格将被抬高。 AMD可能需要几个月的时间才能满足不断增长的需求。 NVIDIA有很长的时间提出新一代显卡的回应……这似乎不太可能(见下文)。 因此，他们会降低价格以保持与AMD的竞争力。 在高端市场，希望省钱的游戏玩家应该等到今年最后一个季度结束后才能大举购买。
Update: After the latest version of this article was updated, several PC gaming enthusiast sites discovered a retailer voucher program for the initial batch of Vega-branded cards. The basic gist is that after the very limited batch of introductory cards sells out, the prices for these cards will go up by around $100 USD each, to $500, $600, and $700. This is obviously disappointing, but it doesn’t change our current recommendation, since we were expecting the Vega cards to be priced higher than MSRP thanks to high demand and low chip yield.
更新：更新了本文的最新版本后，一些PC游戏发烧友站点发现了首批Vega品牌卡的零售商优惠券计划。 基本要点是，在非常少量的入门卡售罄之后，这些卡的价格将分别上涨100美元左右，分别达到500美元，600美元和700美元。 这显然是令人失望的，但是它并没有改变我们目前的建议，因为我们预计由于需求量大和芯片产量低，Vega卡的价格将高于MSRP。
RX 400和500系列卡非常便宜 (RX 400 and 500 Series Cards Are a Great Bargain)
While NVIDIA and AMD are duking it out again from $200 on up, the entry level market belongs squarely to AMD. The RX 460 and RX 550/560 cards, starting at just under $100 and going up to about the $200 mark, can generally handle new games at 1080p resolution with a few of the more exotic graphics options turned down. For budget builders looking to get a gaming machine with a rock-bottom price, they’re an excellent choice.
尽管NVIDIA和AMD再次从200美元起，但入门级市场完全属于AMD。 RX 460和RX 550/560卡的起价略低于100美元，最高可达200美元左右，它们通常可以处理1080p分辨率的新游戏，但其中一些更奇特的图形选项被拒绝了。 对于希望以低价购买游戏机的预算制造商来说，它们是一个绝佳的选择。
The mid-range is a battlefield, if you’ll pardon the pun, and the new AMD RX 570 and RX 580 cards are competing neck and neck with the GTX 1060 and older equivalents in terms of both price and value. Vendor modifications to reference cards, like a slight overclock or a bump in GDDR5 memory, can make the difference in a head-on battle. But whichever manufacturer you prefer, you’ll find that these new cards can easily handle almost all games at 1080p and 2560p. It’s a good time to be a mid-range gamer.
中端市场是一个战场，如果您不介意的话，那么新的AMD RX 570和RX 580卡在价格和价值上都与GTX 1060和更老的同类产品并驾齐驱。 供应商对参考卡的修改(例如轻微的超频或GDDR5内存的颠簸)可以在正面战斗中发挥作用。 但是，无论您喜欢哪个制造商，您都会发现这些新卡可以轻松处理几乎所有1080p和2560p的游戏。 现在是成为中端玩家的好时机。
At this level of the market, you get a bonus: cryptocurrency miners (see below) aren’t interested in relatively low-power GPUs, so prices haven’t ballooned quite so much.
在这个市场水平上，您会得到一个好处：加密货币矿工(见下文)对功耗相对较低的GPU并不感兴趣，因此价格并未大幅上涨。
便宜的NVIDIA Volta GPU仍有很长的路要走 (Cheaper NVIDIA Volta GPUs Are Still a Long Way Out)
The next revision in NVIDIA’s GPU architecture is codenamed “Volta,” and it’s generally assumed they’ll be using “GTX 20X0” for the brand names (as opposed to 11X0). But with only a single server-class chip recently announced, consumer-grade gaming models are still probably four to five months away at best. The new TITAN V GPU, announced in December and selling for an incredible $3000 retail, is the only consumer-grade Volta card on the market. Expect new high-end cards in the ’70 and ’80 range sometime in the summer or fall of 2018.
NVIDIA GPU架构的下一个修订版的代号为“ Volta”，通常假设他们将使用“ GTX 20X0”作为品牌名称(与11X0相对)。 但是，由于最近只宣布了一种服务器级芯片，因此，消费者级游戏模型最多可能还需要四到五个月的时间。 全新的TITAN V GPU于12月发布，零售价高达$ 3000，是市场上唯一的消费级Volta卡。 预计在2018年夏季或秋季的某个时候推出70和80范围内的新高端卡。
Since those high-end cards have fairly low production yields as chip factories adapt to the new designs, you can bet those cards will be both expensive and rigid in price. It will take several months after that for current GTX 1000-series GPUs to start dropping in price, as the expensive GTX 2000 models become easier to find and the budget options his the market.
由于随着芯片工厂采用新设计，这些高端卡的生产率很低，因此您可以确信这些卡价格昂贵且价格昂贵。 之后，由于昂贵的GTX 2000型号变得更容易找到并且市场上的预算选择越来越多，当前GTX 1000系列GPU的价格将开始下降。
Volta will probably be a significant bump up in terms of performance at all levels, thanks to a shift to the 12-nanometer manufacturing process. With its older 14nm chips, AMD will need to hold on to its competitive pricing strategy to sell to users who want an alternative to the GTX XX80 and higher cards. When Volta arrives, gamers for whom price is no object will have newer and more extravagant options, and those hoping to save pennies will be able to pick up a Vega card for a song.
由于转向了12纳米制造Craft.io，因此Volta在所有级别的性能上都可能会大幅度提高。 凭借其较早的14nm芯片，AMD将需要保持其竞争性定价策略，以向希望替代GTX XX80和更高卡的用户销售。 当Volta到货时，价格不成问题的游戏玩家将拥有更新，更奢侈的选择，而那些希望节省几分钱的玩家将可以拿起Vega卡购买歌曲。
加密货币采矿使整个GPU市场变得更加昂贵 (Cryptocurrency Mining Makes The Entire GPU Market More Expensive)
If you haven’t heard about Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, well, they’re kind of a big deal. We don’t have the expertise or interest to advice you on investing, but whatever your opinion on the new cryptocurrency market, it appears to be having an inflation effect on graphics card prices across the industry.
如果您还没有听说过比特币和其他加密货币，那么它们的确很重要。 我们没有专业知识或兴趣来为您提供投资建议，但无论您对新的加密货币市场有何看法，似乎都对整个行业的图形卡价格产生通胀影响。
Bitcoin and similar blockchain-based cryptocurrency standards can benefit greatly from secondary processing via graphical processing units. That makes graphics cards a relatively cheap way to “mine” for digital coins…which in turn means that graphics cards, especially the most powerful and the most efficient, are in high demand for applications other than gaming.
比特币和类似的基于区块链的加密货币标准可以从图形处理单元的二次处理中受益匪浅。 这使得图形卡成为一种相对便宜的“挖掘”数字硬币的方式……这又意味着图形卡，尤其是功能最强大和最高效的图形卡，除了游戏以外，对其他应用的需求也很高。
High-end cards can be hard to come by at the best of times, thanks to a niche market and sometimes low yields for GPU fabrication. Now, with “miners” building PCs and sometimes even full data centers specifically for cryptocurrency mining, the demand for powerful graphics cards is higher than ever, driving up prices for gamers.
高端卡在最佳时机可能很难获得，这要归功于利基市场以及GPU制造有时的低收益。 现在，随着“矿工”建造个人计算机，有时甚至是专门用于加密货币挖掘的完整数据中心，对功能强大的图形卡的需求比以往任何时候都高，从而推高了游戏玩家的价格。
Check out this design for a “miner” rack from Amazon: it’s intended for up to six full-length GPUs, a double power supply, and extra cooling fans. If each of those GPUs is at the $500-600 level, that’s a $4000+ machine, all for computing cryptographic hashes… and most definitely not for playing Crysis. This is why you won’t be finding any discounts on that shiny new graphics card any time soon.
在此设计中查看来自亚马逊的“矿工”机架：它最多可用于六个全长GPU，双电源和额外的冷却风扇。 如果每个GPU的价格都在500-600美元之间，那么这是一台4000美元以上的机器，全部用于计算加密哈希……最肯定不是玩Crysis。 这就是为什么您很快将不会在该闪亮的新图形卡上找到任何折扣的原因。
The good news is that as cryptocurrency standards increase in complexity, it will become less and less economical for miners to snap up high-powered and economical cards en masse. The bad news is that interest in cryptocurrency only seems to be growing, and it might be another year or two before the bubble bursts and demand for all but the cheapest cards comes back down to a level influenced by pure gaming. So unless you’re looking to build the cheapest gaming system possible, it’s a really bad time to go out and actually search for deals on graphics cards.
好消息是，随着加密货币标准的复杂性增加，矿工大批抢购高性能和经济型卡的经济性将越来越低。 坏消息是，人们对加密货币的兴趣似乎只是在增长，在泡沫破裂之前，可能还要再过一两年，对除最便宜的卡之外的所有其他卡的需求都将下降到受纯游戏影响的水平。 因此，除非您希望构建最便宜的游戏系统，否则现在实在是一个非常糟糕的时机，您需要出去寻找图形卡上的交易。
Between the incoming next-gen cards later in 2018, a market artificially inflated by crypto mining, and developers making PC games more and more efficient at the engine level, it’s a pretty bad time to be searching for a GPU upgrade or an entirely new system. That said, it’s not all doom and gloom: if you’re simply at the point where you want to buy or build, it won’t be impossible to find the card you want. Just be aware that it’s going to cost you more than it otherwise might, and you’ll be behind the curve once new silicon from NVIDIA and AMD arrives.
在2018年晚些时候传入的下一代卡，因加密货币挖矿而人为膨胀的市场，以及使引擎游戏级别的PC游戏越来越高效的开发人员之间，寻找GPU升级或全新系统是一个非常糟糕的时机。 就是说，这并不是所有的厄运和忧郁：如果您只是在要购买或建造的地方，就不会找不到想要的卡。 请注意，这将使您付出的代价比原本要高得多，并且一旦NVIDIA和AMD的新芯片问世时，您将处于落后状态。
Image Credit: NVIDIA, Amazon, Newegg, AMD
图片来源： NVIDIA ， Amazon ， Newegg ， AMD
翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/307993/is-now-a-good-time-to-buy-a-new-nvidia-or-amd-graphics-card/
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