如何使用opencv丢弃图像的边缘？

Question

我正在预处理一些图像，以便从我感兴趣的区域中移除背景。然而，由于相机的对焦，我长凳上的图像边缘呈圆形。如何丢弃这些圆形边缘并仅从图像中删除我感兴趣的对象？下面的代码我可以去除图像的背景，但由于周围的边缘，它不能正常工作。

import numpy as np
import cv2

#Read the image and perform threshold and get its height and weight
img = cv2.imread('IMD408.bmp')
h, w = img.shape[:2]

# Transform to gray colorspace and blur the image.
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(gray,(5,5),0)

# Make a fake rectangle arround the image that will seperate the main contour.
cv2.rectangle(blur, (0,0), (w,h), (255,255,255), 10)

# Perform Otsu threshold.
_,thresh = cv2.threshold(blur,0,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV+cv2.THRESH_OTSU)

# Create a mask for bitwise operation
mask = np.zeros((h, w), np.uint8)

# Search for contours and iterate over contours. Make threshold for size to
# eliminate others.
contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(thresh,cv2.RETR_TREE,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)

for i in contours:
    cnt = cv2.contourArea(i)
    if 1000000 >cnt > 100000:
        cv2.drawContours(mask, [i],-1, 255, -1)


# Perform the bitwise operation.
res = cv2.bitwise_and(img, img, mask=mask)

# Display the result.
cv2.imwrite('IMD408.png', res)
cv2.imshow('img', res)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

输入图像：

退出：

错误：

Answer 1

既然您提到所有图像都具有相同的色调，那么这对它们应该很有效。步骤是做一些白平衡，这将增加一点对比度。

获取灰度。

阈值灰度图像。小于 127 的值设置为 255（白色）。这将为您提供一个二进制图像，它将成为原始图像的掩码。

敷面膜

如果您想获得更好的结果，您可能不得不使用阈值，这里是link。但这应该让你开始。与您相比，我使用的是不同的 OpenCV 版本，您可能需要稍微调整一下代码。

import cv2

def equaliseWhiteBalance(image):
    ''' Return equilised WB of an image '''
    wb = cv2.xphoto.createSimpleWB()                        #Create WB Object
    imgWB = wb.balanceWhite(img)                            #Balance White on image
    r,g,b = cv2.split(imgWB)                                #Get individual r,g,b channels
    r_equ  = cv2.equalizeHist(r)                            #Equalise RED channel
    g_equ  = cv2.equalizeHist(g)                            #Equalise GREEN channel
    b_equ  = cv2.equalizeHist(b)                            #Equalise BLUE channel
    img_equ_WB = cv2.merge([r_equ,g_equ,b_equ])             #Merge equalised channels
    return imgWB

#Read the image
img = cv2.imread('IMD408.bmp')
result = img.copy()

#Get whiteBalance of image
imgWB = equaliseWhiteBalance(img)

cv2.imshow('img', imgWB)
cv2.waitKey(0)

# Get gray image
gray = cv2.cvtColor(imgWB,cv2.COLOR_RGB2GRAY)
cv2.imshow('img', gray)
cv2.waitKey(0)

# Perform threshold
_, thresh = cv2.threshold(gray,127,255,cv2.THRESH_BINARY)
cv2.imshow('img', thresh)
cv2.waitKey(0)

# Apply mask
result[thresh!=0] = (255,255,255)

cv2.imshow('img', result)
cv2.waitKey(0)

如果每个图像的所有暗角晕影都有不同的大小，那么我建议在二进制（蒙版）图像上寻找轮廓的质心。距图像任何角落“短”距离的质心将是深色晕影，因此它们的值可以从黑色更改为白色。