perl 选择特定列并存储到不同的数组

Question

有一个数据：

set interfaces ge-1/0/2 unit 101 family inet address 10.187.132.3/27 vrrp-group 1 virtual-address 10.187.132.1
set interfaces ge-1/0/2 unit 102 family inet address 10.187.132.35/27 vrrp-group 2 virtual-address 10.187.132.33
set interfaces ge-1/0/2 unit 103 family inet address 10.187.132.67/27 vrrp-group 3 virtual-address 10.187.132.65
set interfaces ge-1/0/2 unit 104 family inet address 10.187.132.99/27 vrrp-group 4 virtual-address 10.187.132.97
set interfaces ge-1/0/2 unit 105 family inet address 10.187.132.131/27 vrrp-group 5 virtual-address 10.187.132.129
set interfaces ge-1/0/2 unit 106 family inet address 10.187.132.163/27 vrrp-group 6 virtual-address 10.187.132.161
set interfaces ge-1/0/2 unit 107 family inet address 10.187.132.195/27 vrrp-group 7 virtual-address 10.187.132.193
set interfaces ge-1/0/2 unit 108 family inet address 10.187.132.227/27 vrrp-group 8 virtual-address 10.187.132.225

我们需要提取一些列并将其存储到不同的变量中。数据来自过滤文件后，因此它将是$_。有没有办法将它存储到不同的数组中？

$address[0] = "10.187.132.3/27"
$vrrp-group[0] = "1"
$virtual-address[0] = "10.187.132.1"

$address[1] = "10.187.132.35/27"
$vrrp-group[1] = "2"
$virtual-address[1] = "10.187.132.33"

我尝试过使用 split 但我不知道如何在 perl 上选择特定的列，这很容易用 awk (awk {'print $8'}) 完成。

@address = split(/\s+/, $_);

但是失败了。

预期结果：

@地址：

$VAR1  = '10.187.132.3/27'
$VAR2  = '10.187.132.35/27'
$VAR3  = '10.187.132.67/27'
$VAR4  = '10.187.132.99/27'
$VAR5  = '10.187.132.131/27'
$VAR6  = '10.187.132.163/27'
$VAR7  = '10.187.132.195/27'
$VAR8  = '10.187.132.227/27'

@vrrp-组：

$VAR1  = '1'
$VAR2  = '2'
$VAR3  = '3'
$VAR4  = '4'
$VAR5  = '5'
$VAR6  = '6'
$VAR7  = '7'
$VAR8  = '8'

@虚拟地址：

$VAR1  = '10.187.132.1'
$VAR2  = '10.187.132.33'
$VAR3  = '10.187.132.65'
$VAR4  = '10.187.132.97'
$VAR5  = '10.187.132.129'
$VAR6  = '10.187.132.161'
$VAR7  = '10.187.132.193'
$VAR8  = '10.187.132.225'

Answer 1

您可以使用-n 或-p 和-a 来模拟类似的awk 行为。 perl 用空格分割行并将字段保存在@F 数组中，因此您可以选择所需的位置：

perl -MData::Dumper -lane '
    push @array, {
        q|address| => $F[8], 
        q|vrrp-group| => $F[10], 
        q|virtual-address| => $F[12]
    }; 
    END { print Dumper \@array }
' infile

产生：

$VAR1 = [
          {
            'virtual-address' => '10.187.132.1',
            'address' => '10.187.132.3/27',
            'vrrp-group' => '1'
          },
          {
            'virtual-address' => '10.187.132.33',
            'address' => '10.187.132.35/27',
            'vrrp-group' => '2'
          },
          {
            'virtual-address' => '10.187.132.65',
            'address' => '10.187.132.67/27',
            'vrrp-group' => '3'
          },
          {
            'virtual-address' => '10.187.132.97',
            'address' => '10.187.132.99/27',
            'vrrp-group' => '4'
          },
          {
            'virtual-address' => '10.187.132.129',
            'address' => '10.187.132.131/27',
            'vrrp-group' => '5'
          },
          {
            'virtual-address' => '10.187.132.161',
            'address' => '10.187.132.163/27',
            'vrrp-group' => '6'
          },
          {
            'virtual-address' => '10.187.132.193',
            'address' => '10.187.132.195/27',
            'vrrp-group' => '7'
          },
          {
            'virtual-address' => '10.187.132.225',
            'address' => '10.187.132.227/27',
            'vrrp-group' => '8'
          }
        ];

---

UPDATE：脚本等同于前面的单行（参见cmets）：

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use warnings;
use strict;
use Data::Dumper;

my @array;

while ( <> ) { 
    chomp;
    my @F = split;
    push @array, {
        q|address| => $F[8], 
        q|vrrp-group| => $F[10], 
        q|virtual-address| => $F[12]
    };  
}

print Dumper \@array;