Ubuntu 12.04：安装 MonoDevelop “损坏的包”/“未满足的依赖项”错误答案

【问题标题】：Ubuntu 12.04: Installing MonoDevelop "broken packages"/"unmet dependencies" errorUbuntu 12.04：安装 MonoDevelop “损坏的包”/“未满足的依赖项”错误
【发布时间】：2019-03-07 02:57:32
【问题描述】：

我对 Linux 很陌生，所以如果我的问题的答案很明显，请原谅我。由于我正在运行 ARM 设备并且无法安装 wine，我正在尝试安装 Mono/Develop。问题是，每当我尝试安装任何 Mono 软件包时，都会遇到一大堆“未满足的依赖项”。例如：

(precise).....@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get install monodevelop
.
.
.
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 monodevelop : Depends: mono-runtime-sgen but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: mono-runtime (>= 3.0~) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libgconf2.0-cil (>= 2.24.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libglade2.0-cil (>= 2.12.10-1ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libglib2.0-cil (>= 2.12.10-1ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libgnome-vfs2.0-cil (>= 2.24.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libgnome2.24-cil (>= 2.24.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libgtk2.0-cil (>= 2.12.10-1ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-cairo4.0-cil (>= 3.2.1) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-corlib2.0-cil (>= 3.2.8) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-corlib4.5-cil (>= 3.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-microsoft-build-engine4.0-cil (>= 3.2.1) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-microsoft-build-framework4.0-cil (>= 3.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-microsoft-build-utilities-v4.0-4.0-cil (>= 3.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-microsoft-csharp4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-posix4.0-cil (>= 3.2.3) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-sharpzip4.84-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-componentmodel-dataannotations4.0-cil (>= 3.2.3) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-configuration4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-core4.0-cil (>= 3.2.8) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-data-services-client4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-data4.0-cil (>= 3.0.6) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-design4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-drawing4.0-cil (>= 3.0.6) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-runtime-serialization4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-runtime4.0-cil (>= 2.10.1) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-security4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-servicemodel4.0a-cil (>= 3.2.3) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-web-mvc3.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-web-razor2.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-web-services4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-web-webpages-razor2.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-web4.0-cil (>= 2.10.3) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-windows-forms4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-xaml4.0-cil (>= 1.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-xml-linq4.0-cil (>= 3.0.6) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system-xml4.0-cil (>= 3.6.0) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system2.0-cil (>= 3.2.1) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-system4.0-cil (>= 3.2.8) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: libmono-windowsbase4.0-cil (>= 3.0.6) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: monodoc-base (>= 3.2.1) but it is not going to be installed
               Recommends: libglade2.0-cil-dev but it is not going to be installed
               Recommends: libgtk2.0-cil-dev but it is not going to be installed
               Recommends: mono-devel but it is not going to be installed

最后，我得到了这个错误：

E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

当我尝试安装其他软件包（例如 mono-complete）时也会发生同样的情况，但程度较轻。

(precise).....@localhost:~$ sudo apt-get install mono-complete
.
.
.
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 mono-complete : Depends: mono-runtime (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: mono-runtime-sgen (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: mono-utils (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: mono-devel (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: mono-mcs (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: mono-gmcs (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: mono-dmcs (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: mono-csharp-shell (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: mono-2.0-gac (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: mono-4.0-gac (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: mono-2.0-service (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: mono-4.0-service (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: monodoc-base (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
                 Depends: monodoc-manual (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but 3.10.0-0xamarin2 is to be installed
                 Depends: libmono-cil-dev (= 2.10.8.1-1ubuntu2.2) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

我已尝试按照http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/linux/installing-monodevelop-from-source-on-ubuntu/、Mono-Project 和MonoDevelop 上的说明运行sudo apt-get update，但我不断收到损坏的包错误。

我是否必须重新安装 Ubuntu（这对我来说很好，因为我使用的是 Crouton），将所有这些软件包名称添加到 sudo-apt-get install，还是什么？

【问题讨论】：

you have held broken packages - 系统认为你有一些损坏的包被标记为不可修复，这使得安装单声道是不可能的。你可以追查那是什么特定的包。
我如何追踪那个包？
尝试 apt-mark showhold 和 apt-get -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=yes mono-complete 和/或尝试递归安装列出的依赖项，直到遇到实际问题。
@Jester 第二条命令必须是：apt-get -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=yes install mono-complete 缺少“安装”部分 :)

标签： c# linux ubuntu mono package

【解决方案1】：

我遇到了类似的问题。如果您乐于使用 mono 的预发布版本，那么使用 monoxide PPA 即可。运行以下命令

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:directhex/monoxide
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install mono-complete

【讨论】：