C# 创建用于绘制像素和渲染文本的网格

Question

我正在尝试找到创建像素“网格”的最佳路径，该网格将允许基本的绘画功能，例如通过单击和移动鼠标为像素着色、选择复制、粘贴或移动的区域，或使用其他图形功能以将文本或形状渲染到像素。我查看了一些示例，例如this example，它覆盖了面板控件，并且与我想要实现的外观相似，但是绘画速度很慢，而且看起来它在绘画方面表现不佳用鼠标。是否有一个控件或我可以覆盖的控件来实现我正在寻找的功能？

以下是上述示例的示例： Sample pixel grid

以及我从上面的例子改编的代码：

public class Pixel
{
    public Rectangle Bounds { get; set; }
    public bool IsOn { get; set; }
    public bool IsSelected { get; set; }
}

public class PixelGridControl : Panel
{
    public int Columns = 99;
    public int Rows = 63;
    private readonly Pixel[,] pixels;

    public PixelGridControl()
    {
        this.DoubleBuffered = true;
        this.ResizeRedraw = true;

        // initialize pixel grid:
        pixels = new Pixel[Columns, Rows];
        for (int y = 0; y < Rows; ++y)
        {
            for (int x = 0; x < Columns; ++x)
            {
                pixels[x, y] = new Pixel();
            }
        }
    }

    // adjust each column and row to fit entire client area:
    protected override void OnResize(EventArgs e)
    {
        int top = 0;
        for (int y = 0; y < Rows; ++y)
        {
            int left = 0;
            int height = (this.ClientSize.Height - top) / (Rows - y);
            for (int x = 0; x < Columns; ++x)
            {
                int width = (this.ClientSize.Width - left) / (Columns - x);
                pixels[x, y].Bounds = new Rectangle(left, top, width, height);
                left += width;
            }
            top += height;
        }
        base.OnResize(e);
    }

    protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
    {
        e.Graphics.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias;
        for (int y = 0; y < Rows; ++y)
        {
            for (int x = 0; x < Columns; ++x)
            {
                if (pixels[x, y].IsOn)
                {
                    e.Graphics.FillRectangle(Brushes.Gold, pixels[x, y].Bounds);
                }
                else
                {
                    ControlPaint.DrawButton(e.Graphics, pixels[x, y].Bounds,
                                            ButtonState.Normal);
                }
            }
        }
        base.OnPaint(e);
    }

    // determine which button the user pressed:
    protected override void OnMouseDown(MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        for (int y = 0; y < Rows; ++y)
        {
            for (int x = 0; x < Columns; ++x)
            {
                if (pixels[x, y].Bounds.Contains(e.Location))
                {
                    pixels[x, y].IsOn = true;
                    this.Invalidate();
                    MessageBox.Show(
                      string.Format("You pressed on button ({0}, {1})",
                      x.ToString(), y.ToString())
                    );
                }
            }
        }
        base.OnMouseDown(e);
    }
}

Answer 1

这是一个使用位图作为像素存储并在面板中显示放大的像素以进行编辑的最小示例。

您可以通过设置它来使用它来编辑Picturebox pBox_Target.Image 中的像素，可能是这样的：

public Form1()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    ..
    ..
    pixelEditor1.APBox = pBox_Target;
    pixelEditor1.TgtBitmap = (Bitmap)pixelEditor1.APBox.Image;
    ..

}

编辑器在最少的属性中公开像素大小和绘制颜色..

总而言之，它略超过 100 行 - 当然它是为了扩展！

它在起作用：

class PixelEditor : Panel
{
    public Color DrawColor { get; set; }
    public Color GridColor { get; set; }
    int pixelSize = 8;
    public int PixelSize
    {
        get { return pixelSize; }
        set
        {
            pixelSize = value;
            Invalidate();
        }
    }


    public Bitmap TgtBitmap { get; set; }
    public Point TgtMousePos { get; set; }

    Point lastPoint = Point.Empty;

    PictureBox aPBox = null;
    public PictureBox APBox {
        get { return aPBox; }
        set
        {
            if (value == null) return;
            aPBox = value;
            aPBox.MouseClick -=APBox_MouseClick;
            aPBox.MouseClick +=APBox_MouseClick;
        }
    }

    private void APBox_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        TgtMousePos = e.Location;
        Invalidate();
    }


    public PixelEditor()
    {
        DoubleBuffered = true;
        BackColor = Color.White;
        GridColor = Color.DimGray;
        DrawColor = Color.Red;
        PixelSize = 10;
        TgtMousePos = Point.Empty;

        if (APBox != null && APBox.Image != null)
            TgtBitmap = (Bitmap)APBox.Image;

        MouseClick +=PixelEditor_MouseClick;
        MouseMove +=PixelEditor_MouseMove;
        Paint +=PixelEditor_Paint;
    }

    private void PixelEditor_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
    {
        if (DesignMode) return;

        Graphics g = e.Graphics;

        int cols = ClientSize.Width / PixelSize;
        int rows = ClientSize.Height / PixelSize;

        if (TgtMousePos.X < 0 || TgtMousePos.Y < 0) return;

        for (int x = 0; x < cols; x++)
            for (int y = 0; y < rows; y++)
            {
                int sx = TgtMousePos.X + x;
                int sy = TgtMousePos.Y + y;

                if (sx > TgtBitmap.Width  || sy > TgtBitmap.Height) continue;

                Color col = TgtBitmap.GetPixel(sx, sy);

                using (SolidBrush b = new SolidBrush(col))
                using (Pen p = new Pen(GridColor))
                {
                    Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(x * PixelSize, y * PixelSize, 
                                                       PixelSize, PixelSize);
                    g.FillRectangle(b, rect);
                    g.DrawRectangle(p, rect);
                }
            }
    }

    private void PixelEditor_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        if (e.Button != MouseButtons.Left) return;

        int x = TgtMousePos.X + e.X / PixelSize;
        int y = TgtMousePos.Y + e.Y / PixelSize;

        if (new Point(x, y) == lastPoint) return;

        Bitmap bmp = (Bitmap)APBox.Image;
        bmp.SetPixel(x,y, DrawColor);
        APBox.Image = bmp;
        Invalidate();
        lastPoint = new Point(x, y);
    }

    private void PixelEditor_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        int x = TgtMousePos.X + e.X / PixelSize;
        int y = TgtMousePos.Y + e.Y / PixelSize;
        Bitmap bmp = (Bitmap)APBox.Image;
        bmp.SetPixel(x,y, DrawColor);
        APBox.Image = bmp;
        Invalidate();
    }


}

请注意，此解决方案既不使用特殊的像素类，也不为选择像素集做出任何规定。要实现大多数选择工具，您可以使用GraphicsPath；你可以例如使用IsVisible 填充路径或循环其边界以枚举路径中的像素..

---

更新： 可以使用 Picturebox 或 Label（与 Autosize=false );两者都具有开箱即用的DoubleBuffered 属性，并且比Panels 更支持绘图。