c++ windows中操纵杆编程

Question

我想在windows中将joystick连接到我的c++ qt程序。我在 microsoft guid for joystick program使用joystickapi库学习了win32 api编程但是我不明白检查系统兼容性后我应该做什么？

完成说明：

我的系统兼容性代码：

JOYINFO joyinfo;
UINT wNumDevs, wDeviceID;
BOOL bDev1Attached, bDev2Attached;
void joyCapablitis(){
    if((wNumDevs = joyGetNumDevs()) == 0)
        qDebug()<<"no driver available";
    bDev1Attached = joyGetPos(JOYSTICKID1,&joyinfo) != JOYERR_UNPLUGGED;
    bDev2Attached = wNumDevs == 2 && joyGetPos(JOYSTICKID2,&joyinfo) !=
            JOYERR_UNPLUGGED;
    if(bDev1Attached || bDev2Attached)   // decide which joystick to use
    {

        wDeviceID = bDev1Attached ? JOYSTICKID1 : JOYSTICKID2;

    }
    else
        qDebug()<<"no device available";

}

我想跟踪按钮的移动并在软件中进行模拟。如何从win32 api获取操纵杆信息（例如按钮数量和按钮打开或关闭）？

Answer 1

我以 Qt 模块的形式编写了一个 QJoystick 库，但它尚未发布。

这里有一些适用于 Windows 的代码。

首先，你需要初始化 DirectInput：

#include "comdef.h"

#define SAFE_DELETE(p)  { if(p) { delete (p);     (p) = nullptr; }}
#define SAFE_RELEASE(p) { if(p) { (p)->Release(); (p) = nullptr; }}

#define AS(x, p) reinterpret_cast<x>(p)

BOOL CALLBACK EnumJoysticksCallback(const DIDEVICEINSTANCE*       deviceInstance, void* controller);
BOOL CALLBACK EnumObjectsCallback  (const DIDEVICEOBJECTINSTANCE* objectInstance, void* controller);

static LPDIRECTINPUT8 DirectInputPtr = nullptr;

HRESULT hr;

if (DirectInputPtr == nullptr)
{
    if (FAILED(hr = DirectInput8Create(GetModuleHandle(nullptr), DIRECTINPUT_VERSION, IID_IDirectInput8, AS(void**, &DirectInputPtr), nullptr)))
        qCritical("QJoystick failed to obtain direct input interface: %s", qPrintable(hrError(hr)));
}

二、设置回调：

if (DirectInputPtr)
{
    if (FAILED(hr = DirectInputPtr->EnumDevices(DI8DEVCLASS_GAMECTRL, EnumJoysticksCallback, this, DIEDFL_ATTACHEDONLY)))
        qDebug("QJoystick EnumDevices failed");

    if (joystickPtr)
    {
        if (FAILED(hr = joystickPtr->SetDataFormat(&c_dfDIJoystick2)))
            qWarning("QJoystick: failed to set data format for id %d", deviceId);

        if (SUCCEEDED(hr = joystickPtr->EnumObjects(EnumObjectsCallback, this, DIDFT_ALL)))
        {
            DIDEVICEINSTANCE joystickinfo;
            joystickinfo.dwSize = sizeof(joystickinfo);

            if (FAILED(hr = joystickPtr->GetDeviceInfo(&joystickinfo)))
            {
                qCritical() << "QJoystick GetDeviceInfo failed:" << hrError(hr);
                SAFE_RELEASE(joystickPtr)
            }

            description = QString::fromWCharArray(joystickinfo.tszProductName);
            guid        = QString("%1").arg(joystickinfo.guidProduct.Data1, 8, 16, QLatin1Char('0'));
        }
        else
            qCritical("QJoystick: set callback on EnumObjects failed for %d", deviceId);
    }
}

EnumJoysticksCallback 是您为操纵杆创建虚拟设备的地方：

BOOL CALLBACK EnumJoysticksCallback(const DIDEVICEINSTANCE* deviceInstance, void* pController)
{
    QJoystickPrivate* controller = AS(QJoystickPrivate*, pController);
    BOOL result = DIENUM_CONTINUE;

    if (controller->enumCounter == controller->deviceId)
    {
        HRESULT hr = DirectInputPtr->CreateDevice(deviceInstance->guidInstance, &(controller->joystickPtr), nullptr);

        if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
            result = DIENUM_STOP;
        else
            qWarning("QJoystick: CreateDevice failed %d", controller->deviceId);
    }
    else
        ++controller->enumCounter;

    return result;
}

而EnumObjectsCallback会在枚举过程中对每个按钮或轴执行：

BOOL CALLBACK EnumObjectsCallback(const DIDEVICEOBJECTINSTANCE* objectInstance, void* pController)
{
    QJoystickPrivate* controller = AS(QJoystickPrivate*, pController);

    //Set the range for axis
    if (objectInstance->dwType & DIDFT_AXIS)
    {
        DIPROPRANGE diprg;

        diprg.diph.dwSize       = sizeof(DIPROPRANGE);
        diprg.diph.dwHeaderSize = sizeof(DIPROPHEADER);
        diprg.diph.dwHow        = DIPH_BYID;
        diprg.diph.dwObj        = objectInstance->dwType; // Specify the enumerated axis

        diprg.lMin = -1000;
        diprg.lMax = +1000;

        if (FAILED(controller->joystickPtr->SetProperty(DIPROP_RANGE, &diprg.diph)))
            return DIENUM_STOP;
    }

    if (objectInstance->guidType == GUID_XAxis  || objectInstance->guidType == GUID_YAxis  || objectInstance->guidType == GUID_ZAxis  ||
        objectInstance->guidType == GUID_RxAxis || objectInstance->guidType == GUID_RyAxis || objectInstance->guidType == GUID_RzAxis ||
        objectInstance->guidType == GUID_Slider)
    {
        // axis
    }
    else if (objectInstance->guidType == GUID_POV)
        // pov...
    else if (objectInstance->guidType == GUID_Button)
        // button...
    else if (objectInstance->guidType == GUID_Unknown)
        // unknown...

    return DIENUM_CONTINUE;
}

Answer 2

根据Joysticks，

多媒体操纵杆 API 已被 DirectInput 取代，后者 为当今的输入和力反馈设备提供更多功能。 有关详细信息，请参阅 DirectX 文档。

您需要的是DirectInput，请从Buffered Joystick Data开始。

DIDEVICEOBJECTDATA 数组中的每个元素都代表一个变化 操纵杆上单个对象的状态。例如，如果用户 按下按钮 0 并沿对角线移动摇杆，数组传递给 IDirectInputDevice8::GetDeviceData（如果它至少有三个元素， 并且 pdwInOut 至少为 3) 将填充三个元素 按下按钮 0 的元素，用于更改 x 轴，以及 y 轴变化的元素，以及 pdwInOut 将设置为 3。

还有Immediate Joystick Data，

要检索操纵杆的当前状态，请调用 IDirectInputDevice8::GetDeviceState 方法带有一个指向 DIJOYSTATE 或 DIJOYSTATE2 结构，取决于数据是否 使用 c_dfDIJoystick 或 c_dfDIJoystick2 设置格式。 （见设备 数据格式。）结构中返回的操纵杆状态包括 轴的坐标、按钮的状态和状态 的观点控制器。