无法加载 Spring ApplicationContext

Question

我正在为一个复杂的 Spring 应用程序编写单元测试。我想加载 spring 上下文以使用定义的 bean。我的 context.xml 位于：

src/main/resources/context.xml

maven构建后，context.xml出现在：

target/classes/context.xml

在 pom.xml 中，我有：（正如 this post 所建议的）

<resources>
    <resource>
        <filtering>true</filtering>
        <directory>src/test/resources</directory>
        <includes>
            <include>**/*.properties</include>
        </includes>
        <excludes>
            <exclude>**/*local.properties</exclude>
        </excludes>
    </resource>
    <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <includes>
            <include>**/*.properties</include>
            <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
    </resource>
</resources>

我尝试通过两种方式完成这项工作：

1, Use ApplicationContext
AppliactionContext springContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/context.xml");
MyObject myObject = springContext.getBean(myObject.class);

2, Use Annotations
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"/context.xml"})
public class myTest{
    @Autowired
    MyObject myObject;
    ...
}

但这两种方法都不适合我。错误信息：

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:157)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:321)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:211)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:290)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) 
...  more

要点： context.xml 实际上是从另一个项目中复制的。这些项目作为应用程序一起运行，但是当作为 Junit 运行时，我不知道如何从不同的项目加载上下文，所以我只是复制并粘贴了文件。这可能是个问题

更多信息 故障跟踪：

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean
with name 'validator' defined in class path resource [context.xml]: BeanPostProcessor
before instantiation of bean failed; nested exception is    
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect

Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect

Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect

看来我得先导入一些spring aop包？

请提出建议。非常感谢。

Answer 1

当使用 Spring Test 注解作为 junit 测试运行时，您需要在这样的位置使用 classpath

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:/context.xml")

而且我没有在 pom.xml 中使用任何 resources 定义。您可以删除它并像这样尝试。