将 n 个参数作为列表并根据其索引创建文件夹和子文件夹的 Python 函数

Question

我正在创建一个 python 函数，它将“n”个参数作为列表，并根据它们的位置创建文件夹和嵌套文件夹 例如。

path = Path("Path to Directory")
root_folders = ['f1','f2','f3']
yr = ['2018', '2019']
mnth = ['JAN','FEB','MAR','APR','MAY','JUN','JUL','AUG','SEP','OCT','NOV','DEC']

“root_folders”应该是“路径”中的主文件夹 “yr”应该是每个“root_folders”的子文件夹 “mnth”是每个“yr”的子文件夹

我已经能够使用以下代码实现这一点：

def folder(root,*args):
    for a in args[0]:
        path = os.path.join(root, a)
        if not os.path.exists(path):
            os.mkdir(path)          
            for b in args[1]  :
                path2 = os.path.join(path, b)
                if not os.path.exists(path2):
                    os.mkdir(path2)
                for c in args[2]  :
                    path3 = os.path.join(path2, c)
                    if not os.path.exists(path3):
                        os.mkdir(path3)

folder(path,root_folders,yr,mnth)

但这有一定的局限性，因为嵌套文件夹增加了可伸缩性会成为问题。那么是否有任何解决方案可以使用递归或任何其他方法来实现

Answer 1

您可以使用递归来创建文件夹，在每次调用时向文件夹创建函数传递一个运行路径：

import os
def create_folders(root, *args):
  if args:
    for i in args[0]:
      os.mkdir(p:=os.path.join(root, i))
      create_folders(p, *args[1:])

root_folders = ['f1','f2','f3']
yr = ['2018', '2019']
mnth = ['JAN','FEB','MAR','APR','MAY','JUN','JUL','AUG','SEP','OCT','NOV','DEC']
create_folders(os.getcwd(), root_folders, yr, mnth)

Answer 2

不确定这是否是您想要的，但我为您准备了一个简短的函数，它使用递归从字典中创建文件夹结构：

def folder(root, folderdict, subdir=""):
"""
The folderdict could look something like this:
folderdict = {folder1: None, folder2: None, folder3:{subfolder1: None, subfolder2: {subsubfolder1}}}
"""
# set up path progression for recursion
current_directory = os.path.join(root, subdir)

for foldername, subfolders in folderdict.items():
    path = os.path.join(current_directory, foldername)

    if not os.path.exists(path):
        os.mkdir(path)

    # check if newly created path should contain subfolders
    # if so: start recursion
    if subfolders is not None:
        new_subdir = os.path.join(subdir, foldername)
        folder(root, subfolders, new_subdir)

不过要小心。递归通常不能很好地扩展。