序列化来自多个模型 django 的数据

Question

django 中是否可以序列化多个模型的数据？

例如，我下面的代码目前将提供来自我的“构建”模型的数据的 JSON。

serializers.py

class buildStatsAPI_serializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        fields = ('id','author_id','buildDescrip','buildStart','buildNotes')
    model = Build

views.py

class buildStatsAPI(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated,)
    serializer_class = buildStatsAPI_serializer
    def get_queryset(self):
        machinesOwned = CustomUser.objects.filter(customerTag=self.request.user.customerTag).filter(isDevice=True)
        machineList = []
        for machine in machinesOwned:
            machineList = machineList + [machine.id]
        query = Build.objects.filter(deleted=0, author_id__in=machineList,).values().order_by('pk')
        return query

如何在同一个序列化程序中包含来自其他模型的数据？ 具体来说，我目前正在序列化“author_id”，它是我的 CustomUser 模型的外键。我想从此模型中获取“authorName”并将其包含在同一个 JSON 对象中。

Answer 1

您可以使用嵌套序列化。详细请看这里https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/relations/#nested-relationships

型号

class Album(models.Model):
    album_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    artist = models.CharField(max_length=100)

class Track(models.Model):
    album = models.ForeignKey(Album, related_name='tracks', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    order = models.IntegerField()
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    duration = models.IntegerField()

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('album', 'order')
        ordering = ['order']

在序列化器中

class TrackSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Track
        fields = ('order', 'title', 'duration')

class AlbumSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    tracks = TrackSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Album
        fields = ('album_name', 'artist', 'tracks')

现在你可以得到数据了

{
    'album_name': 'The Grey Album',
    'artist': 'Danger Mouse',
    'tracks': [
        {'order': 1, 'title': 'Public Service Announcement', 'duration': 245},
        {'order': 2, 'title': 'What More Can I Say', 'duration': 264},
        {'order': 3, 'title': 'Encore', 'duration': 159},
        ...
    ],
} 

如果需要，您还可以将这些修改为可写。 有关可写嵌套序列化程序，请参见 https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/relations/#writable-nested-serializers