调用随机值以绘制形状和删除形状

Question

我的程序使用 Turtle 来绘制形状。它显示以下菜单：

1. 进入圈子
2. 输入矩形
3. 移除形状
4. 绘制形状
5. 退出

如果用户输入“4”，程序应该按照它们在列表中的顺序绘制形状。

[问题]：所以它应该用随机值绘制一个圆形和一个矩形。如果用户输入“3”，我在尝试这样做以及删除形状时遇到问题。我留下了一个例子，说明我使用圆的随机函数来绘制形状。

另外，如果选择 == 3（删除形状），我的代码应该是什么？

非常感谢所有帮助。谢谢！

import turtle
import random

def circle():
    turtle.pensize(1)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.goto(x, yCoordinate)
    turtle.pendown()
    turtle.color(color)
    turtle.circle(radius)

    turtle.hideturtle()
    turtle.done()

def rectangle():
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.goto(xRectangle - width / 2, yRectangle - height / 2)
    turtle.pendown()
    turtle.color(colorRectangle)
    turtle.goto(xRectangle - width / 2, yRectangle + height / 2)
    turtle.goto(xRectangle + width / 2, yRectangle + height / 2)
    turtle.goto(xRectangle + width / 2, yRectangle - height / 2)
    turtle.goto(xRectangle - width / 2, yRectangle - height / 2)


    turtle.hideturtle()
    turtle.done()

def remove():
    pass

def shapes():
    turtle.pensize(1)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.goto(x.random, yCoordinate.random)
    turtle.pendown()
    turtle.color(random)
    turtle.circle(radius.random)


COMMANDS = [None, circle, rectangle, remove, shapes, exit]
ABORT = len(COMMANDS) - 1
PROMPT = "1. Draw a circle\n2. Draw a rectangle\n3. Remove Shapes\n4. Draw Shapes\n5. Quit"

while True:
    choice = turtle.numinput("Pick a number", prompt=PROMPT, default=ABORT, minval=1, maxval=ABORT)

    if choice == 1:
        x = int(input("Enter the X Coordinate: "))
        yCoordinate = int(input("Enter the Y Coordinate: "))
        radius = int(input("Enter the Radius: "))
        color = str(input("Enter desired Color (choose red, yellow, blue or green): "))
        xCoordinate = (x - radius)

    if  choice == 2:
        xRectangle = int(input("Enter the X Coordinate: "))
        yRectangle = int(input("Enter the Y Coordinate: "))
        height = int(input("Enter Height: "))
        width = int(input("Enter Width: "))
        colorRectangle = str(input("Enter desired Color (choose red, yellow, blue or green):  "))

    if choice == 3:
        print(1)

    if choice == 4:
        print(shapes)

    if choice is None:
        choice = ABORT
    else:
        choice = int(choice)

    if 1 <= choice <= ABORT:
        COMMANDS[choice]()

turtle.mainloop()  # never reached

Answer 1

您的函数缺少参数，使用“elif”也是一个好习惯，它减少了您进行的检查次数，也将减少逻辑错误

另外，请务必参考文档以获取语法帮助！ https://docs.python.org/3.3/library/turtle.html?highlight=turtle#turtle.clear

我对您的代码进行了一些修改以实现您的需要

import turtle
import random

# Create a turtle object
myturtle = turtle.Turtle()

def circle(x, yCoordinate, radius, color):
    myturtle.pensize(1)
    myturtle.penup()
    myturtle.goto(x, yCoordinate)
    myturtle.pendown()
    myturtle.pencolor(color)
    myturtle.circle(10)
    myturtle.hideturtle()

def rectangle(xRectangle, yRectangle, width, height, colorRectangle):
    myturtle.penup()
    myturtle.goto(xRectangle - width / 2, yRectangle - height / 2)
    myturtle.pendown()
    myturtle.pencolor(colorRectangle)
    myturtle.goto(xRectangle - width / 2, yRectangle + height / 2)
    myturtle.goto(xRectangle + width / 2, yRectangle + height / 2)
    myturtle.goto(xRectangle + width / 2, yRectangle - height / 2)
    myturtle.goto(xRectangle - width / 2, yRectangle - height / 2)
    myturtle.hideturtle()


def rremove():
    myturtle.clear()

def shapes():
    myturtle.pensize(1)
    myturtle.penup()
    myturtle.goto(x.random, yCoordinate.random)
    myturtle.pendown()
    myturtle.color(random)
    myturtle.circle(radius.random)


COMMANDS = [None, circle, rectangle, rremove, shapes, exit]
ABORT = len(COMMANDS) - 1
PROMPT = "1. Draw a circle\n2. Draw a rectangle\n3. Remove Shapes\n4. Draw Shapes\n5. Quit"
COLORS = ['red', 'yellow', 'blue',  'green']

while True:
    choice = turtle.numinput("Pick a number", prompt=PROMPT, default=ABORT, minval=0, maxval=ABORT)
    choice = int(choice)

    if choice == 1:
        x = int(input("Enter the X Coordinate: "))
        yCoordinate = int(input("Enter the Y Coordinate: "))
        radius = int(input("Enter the Radius: "))
        color = str(input("Enter desired Color (choose red, yellow, blue or green): "))
        xCoordinate = (x - radius)
        circle(x, yCoordinate, radius, color)

    elif choice == 2:
        xRectangle = int(input("Enter the X Coordinate: "))
        yRectangle = int(input("Enter the Y Coordinate: "))
        height = int(input("Enter Height: "))
        width = int(input("Enter Width: "))
        colorRectangle = str(input("Enter desired Color (choose red, yellow, blue or green):  "))
        rectangle(xRectangle, yRectangle, width, height, colorRectangle)

    elif choice == 3:
        COMMANDS[choice]()

    elif choice == 4:
        #Here you can adjust the lower and upper bounds of the random number 
        x, yCoordinate, color, radius = random.randint(10,40), random.randint(10,200), random.choice(COLORS), random.randint(10,200)
        COMMANDS[1](x, yCoordinate, radius,color)
        print("Drew a circle")
        xRectangle, yRectangle, width, height, colorRectangle = random.randint(10,200), random.randint(10,200), random.randint(10,200),random.randint(10,200), random.choice(COLORS)
        COMMANDS[2](xRectangle, yRectangle, width, height, colorRectangle)
        print("Drew a rectangle")

    elif choice == 5:
        COMMANDS[choice]()

    else:
        print("Invalid, try again...")
        continue