安装 R 包“ld：警告：找不到选项的目录”时出现问题

Question

我正在尝试使用

在 R 中安装包 gradientForest

install.packages("gradientForest", repos="http://R-Forge.R-project.org")

我收到了这个错误

ld: warning: directory not found for option '-L/usr/local/gfortran/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin15/6.1.0'
ld: warning: directory not found for option '-L/usr/local/gfortran/lib'
ld: library not found for -lgfortran

我已经尝试过 this thread 和 this thread 的答案。

根据这些线程，我使用

安装了 gcc

brew install gcc

我的 Makevars 看起来像

## With Rcpp 0.11.0 and later, we no longer need to set PKG_LIBS as there is
## no user-facing library. The include path to headers is already set by R.
#PKG_LIBS = 

## With R 3.1.0 or later, you can uncomment the following line to tell R to 
## enable compilation with C++11 (or even C++14) where available
CXX_STD = CXX17

VER=-9
CC=gcc$(VER)
CXX=g++$(VER)
CXX11=g++$(VER)
CXX14=g++$(VER)
CXX17=g++$(VER)
CFLAGS=-mtune=native -g -O2 -Wall -pedantic -Wconversion
CXXFLAGS=-mtune=native -g -O2 -Wall -pedantic -Wconversion
FLIBS=-L`gfortran -print-file-name=libgfortran.dylib | xargs dirname`

但不幸的是，它并没有改变我遇到的错误。 我的 R 版本是 3.6.1，我在 MacOS Catalina 上。

如果有人能帮助我，我将不胜感激。 谢谢

Answer 1

遇到同样的编译错误。手动重新安装 Clang 和 GFortran 解决了我的问题。我使用的指令：R COMPILER TOOLS FOR RCPP ON MACOS

（在 Catalina 10.15.3；R 3.6.2；RStudio 1.2.5 上）

Answer 2

以下是 R 官方文档中关于如何在 Mac 上安装 R 以及相关错误的 sn-p：

CC = /usr/local/clang7/bin/clang
CXX = /usr/local/clang7/bin/clang++
CXX11 = $CXX
CXX14 = $CXX
CXX17 = $CXX
CFLAGS = -g -O2 -Wall -pedantic -Wconversion -Wno-sign-conversion
CXXFLAGS = -g -O2 -Wall -pedantic -Wconversion -Wno-sign-conversion
CXX11FLAGS = $CXXFLAGS
CXX14FLAGS = $CXXFLAGS
CXX17FLAGS = $CXXFLAGS
and gfortran by (El Capitan)

FC = /usr/local/gfortran/bin/gfortran
FLIBS = -L/usr/local/gfortran/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin15/6.1.0
  -L/usr/local/gfortran/lib -lgfortran -lquadmath -lm
or (Sierra or High Sierra)

FC = /usr/local/gfortran/bin/gfortran
FLIBS = -L/usr/local/gfortran/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin16/6.3.0
  -L/usr/local/gfortran/lib -lgfortran -lquadmath -lm
or (Mojave or later)

FC = /usr/local/gfortran/bin/gfortran
FLIBS = -L/usr/local/gfortran/lib/gcc/x86_64-apple-darwin18/8.2.0
  -L/usr/local/gfortran/lib -lgfortran -lquadmath -lm
(with lines broken here for legibility).

If using the C/C++ compilers from the Command Line Tools (which do not have OpenMP support) one will need to include

SHLIB_OPENMP_CFLAGS =
SHLIB_OPENMP_CXXFLAGS =

欲了解更多信息，请访问以下链接 6.3.2

https://cran.r-project.org/doc/manuals/r-patched/R-admin.html

这可能会对你有所帮助。