无法在 Microsoft SQL Server 中运行查询

Question

我在运行/配置 Microsoft SQL Server 查询时遇到问题，查询如下：

SELECT
    ps.WeekIncluded AS PaidWeeks,
    PayD.PayDate AS PayDates,
    ps.PayYear AS PYear, 
    months.PMonth,
    (SELECT sum(DayPay) FROM Shifts GROUP BY WeekNumber)
FROM dbo.PayStructure ps
JOIN dbo.Months Months 
ON ps.MonthID = months.ID
JOIN dbo.PayDates PayD ON ps.MonthID = PayD.MonthID
Group BY ps.MonthID

这是尝试做的，是使用三个表创建一个视图（不包含在 sn-p 中），包括选择 DayPay in Shifts 和 GroupBy 的总和，以便稍后加入并通过 weeknumber 加入到指定月份。不幸的是，我得到了：

选择列表中的“dbo.PayStructure.WeekIncluded”列无效 因为它既不包含在聚合函数中，也不包含在 GROUP BY 子句。

& 使用：

SELECT
    ps.WeekIncluded AS PaidWeeks,
    PayD.PayDate AS PayDates,
    ps.PayYear AS PYear, 
    months.PMonth,
    (SELECT sum(DayPay) FROM Shifts)
FROM dbo.PayStructure ps
JOIN dbo.Months Months 
ON ps.MonthID = months.ID
JOIN dbo.PayDates PayD ON ps.MonthID = PayD.MonthID

返回：

每个选择等于：60.36 我想要得到的是：

一月 - 空

2 月 - 空

三月 - 空

4 月 - 空

五月 - 空

六月 - 空

7 月 - 空

8 月 - 空

9 月 - 60.36

10 月 - 空

12 月 - 空

由于没有这些周数/月的数据输入，因此 11/12 个月为空

---

按要求。 Dbo.Shifts

Dbo.PayStructure

Dbo.Months

---

尝试过：

    SELECT
     ps.WeekIncluded AS PaidWeeks, 
     PayD.PayDate AS PayDates,
     ps.PayYear AS PYear,
       SUM(Sh.DayPay) 
FROM   dbo.PayStructure ps
       LEFT JOIN dbo.Months Months 
         ON ps.MonthID = months.ID
       LEFT JOIN dbo.PayDates PayD
         ON ps.MonthID = PayD.MonthID
        LEFT JOIN dbo.Shifts Sh
         ON Sh.WeekNumber = ps.WeekIncluded
GROUP  BY Sh.WeekNumber

Answer 1

SELECT
ps.WeekIncluded AS PaidWeeks,
PayD.PayDate AS PayDates,
ps.PayYear AS PYear, 
months.PMonth,
SumPay
FROM dbo.PayStructure ps
JOIN dbo.Months Months 
ON ps.MonthID = months.ID
JOIN dbo.PayDates PayD ON ps.MonthID = PayD.MonthID
LEFT JOIN 
(SELECT S. WeekNumber,
            PSI.MonthId,
            PSI.PayYear,
            sum(DayPay) AS SumPay
FROM Shifts S
JOIN dbo.PayStrycture PSI
ON S.WeekNumber = PSI.WeekIncluded
AND YEAR(S.ShiftDate) = PSI.PayYear
JOIN dbo.Months M
ON PSI.MonthId = M.ID
GROUP BY S. WeekNumber,
            PSI.MonthId,
            PSI.PayYear
) T
ON PS.MonthId = T.MonthId
AND PS.PayYear = T.PayYear
AND PS.WeekIncluded = T.WeekNumber

Answer 2

错误信息相当清楚； SQL Server 无法从您的查询中知道WeekIncluded 的哪个可能值应该包含您查询的结果集。你自己想一想——你的输出中每个月会有一行，而 WeekIncluded 值会有一个“槽”。应该显示哪一个？

尝试像这样运行查询：

SELECT
    MIN(ps.WeekIncluded) AS FromWeek,
    MAX(ps.WeekIncluded) AS ToWeek,
    . . . 

你应该对正在发生的事情有一个更好的了解。

其他几个引擎包含一个名为 group_concat 的额外聚合函数来处理此类查询，但 SQL Server 很难在这样的聚合中汇总以逗号分隔的值列表。

Answer 3

任何非聚合的 SELECT 列（例如 SUM() 或 COUNT()）都必须包含在 GroupBy 中，否则查询将不会执行。

所以：

SELECT
ps.WeekIncluded AS PaidWeeks,
PayD.PayDate AS PayDates,
ps.PayYear AS PYear, 
months.PMonth,
(SELECT sum(DayPay) FROM Shifts GROUP BY WeekNumber)
FROM dbo.PayStructure ps
JOIN dbo.Months Months 
ON ps.MonthID = months.ID
JOIN dbo.PayDates PayD ON ps.MonthID = PayD.MonthID
Group BY ps.MonthID,ps.WeekIncluded,PayD.PayDate,months.PMonth