无法在 ubuntu 13.04 上安装 PIL

Question

我正在尝试在 ubuntu 13.04 上安装 PIL（不是枕头）。

我安装了 jpeg、tiff、png 和 lcms 支持的所有依赖库。

我使用以下命令安装 PIL：

$ sudo pip install --allow-external PIL --allow-unverified PIL PIL

但是，即使在这样做之后，我仍然得到以下信息：

--------------------------------------------------------------------
PIL 1.1.7 SETUP SUMMARY
--------------------------------------------------------------------
version       1.1.7
platform      linux2 2.7.6 (default, Mar 22 2014, 22:59:56)
              [GCC 4.8.2]
--------------------------------------------------------------------
*** TKINTER support not available
*** JPEG support not available
*** ZLIB (PNG/ZIP) support not available
*** FREETYPE2 support not available
*** LITTLECMS support not available
--------------------------------------------------------------------
To add a missing option, make sure you have the required
library, and set the corresponding ROOT variable in the
setup.py script.

To check the build, run the selftest.py script.
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pilfile.py from 644 to 755
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pildriver.py from 644 to 755
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pilfont.py from 644 to 755
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pilprint.py from 644 to 755
changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/pilconvert.py from 644 to 755

changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pilfile.py to 755
changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pildriver.py to 755
changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pilfont.py to 755
changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pilprint.py to 755
changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pilconvert.py to 755
Successfully installed PIL
Cleaning up...

知道我做错了什么吗？

编辑：我确实安装了支持库。它们正在安装到 /usr/lib/x85_linux-gnu 文件夹中。所以我创建了如下符号链接：

 2293  sudo ln -s  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so /usr/lib
 2294  sudo ln -s  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/liblcms.so /usr/llib
 2295  sudo ln -s  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng.so /usr/lib
 2296  sudo ln -s  /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so /usr/lib

当我第一次对 jpeg 进行符号链接时，它检测到它并编译了对它的支持。所以我添加了上面的其他符号链接。但是它现在失败并出现此错误：

building '_imagingft' extension

x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -I/usr/include/freetype2 -IlibImaging -I/usr/include -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/include/python2.7 -c _imagingft.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/_imagingft.o

_imagingft.c:73:31: fatal error: freetype/fterrors.h: No such file or directory

 #include <freetype/fterrors.h>

                               ^

compilation terminated.

error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command /usr/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip_build_root/PIL/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-BQ7cvZ-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip_build_root/PIL
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip", line 9, in <module>
    load_entry_point('pip==1.5.4', 'console_scripts', 'pip')()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 185, in main
    return command.main(cmd_args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 161, in main
    text = '\n'.join(complete_log)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe2 in position 57: ordinal not in range(128)

请注意，当我安装 libfreetype 时，它​​会将库安装在 /usr/include/freetype2 文件夹中，但 PIL 似乎在不同的地方寻找。

Answer 1

我想不出解决这个问题的办法。我放弃了启用 freetype 支持。我刚刚从我的系统中删除了 libfreetype 库。

结合为其他库做符号链接似乎使它工作。

Answer 2

它似乎已安装，但那些库不支持。尝试在终端上使用以下命令：

python -c 'import PIL'

如果安装了 PIL，则不会出现任何内容。否则，它会立即抛出 ImportError。