无法在 Ubuntu 13.04 上安装 rmagick gem

Question

当我尝试安装 rmagic 时：

gem install rmagic

报错：

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing rmagick:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /home/biske/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for Ruby version >= 1.8.5... yes
checking for gcc... yes
checking for Magick-config... yes
checking for ImageMagick version >= 6.4.9... yes
checking for HDRI disabled version of ImageMagick... yes
checking for stdint.h... yes
checking for sys/types.h... yes
checking for wand/MagickWand.h... no

Can't install RMagick 2.13.2. Can't find MagickWand.h.
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/home/biske/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/bin/ruby


Gem files will remain installed in /home/biske/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/rmagick-2.13.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/biske/.rbenv/versions/2.0.0-p247/lib/ruby/gems/2.0.0/gems/rmagick-2.13.2/ext/RMagick/gem_make.out

我试图搜索问题，发现我缺少 libmagickwand-dev。我尝试安装它：

sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev

但它会引发错误：

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libmagickwand-dev : Depends: libmagickcore-dev (= 8:6.7.7.10-5ubuntu2) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

如果我尝试安装它：

sudo apt-get install libmagickcore-dev

报错：

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libmagickcore-dev : Depends: librsvg2-dev but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

如果我尝试安装它：

sudo apt-get install librsvg2-dev

报错：

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 librsvg2-dev : Depends: libglib2.0-dev (>= 2.24.0) but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: libgdk-pixbuf2.0-dev (>= 2.23.5-2) but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: libcairo2-dev (>= 1.2.0) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

如果我尝试使用以下命令安装 libglib2.0-dev：

sudo apt-get install libglib2.0-dev

报错：

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libglib2.0-dev : Depends: libglib2.0-0 (= 2.36.0-1ubuntu1) but 2.36.0-1ubuntu2 is to be installed
                  Depends: libglib2.0-bin (= 2.36.0-1ubuntu1)
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

如果我使用以下命令安装 libglib2.0-0：

sudo apt-get install libglib2.0-0

它给出：

libglib2.0-0 is already the newest version.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

如果我使用以下命令安装 libglib2.0-bin：

sudo apt-get install libglib2.0-bin

它给出：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
libglib2.0-bin is already the newest version.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

这 2 个库已安装但再次发布：

sudo apt-get install libglib2.0-dev

它给出了同样的错误：

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libglib2.0-dev : Depends: libglib2.0-0 (= 2.36.0-1ubuntu1) but 2.36.0-1ubuntu2 is to be installed
                  Depends: libglib2.0-bin (= 2.36.0-1ubuntu1)
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

这里可能有什么问题？

我正在使用 Ubuntu 13.04、rbenv、ruby 2.0.0，如果这很重要的话。

Answer 1

试试这个

首先安装imagemagick

sudo apt-get install imagemagick

然后

sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev

Answer 2

解决方案是在可以找到这些库的地方添加 ppa。

添加 PPA：

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ricotz/testing

然后更新包列表：

sudo apt-get update

最后安装它：

sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev

Answer 3

尝试先清除您的 apt 存储库并删除所有损坏的软件包：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoremove

如果系统识别出任何损坏的包，请强制删除它们（将package_name替换为您自己的）：

sudo dpkg --remove -force --force-remove-reinstreq package_name

然后重新安装所有丢失的软件包。

Answer 4

你只需要安装：

sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev

Answer 5

这是blog的一个很好的例子

以下命令将解决您的问题。它帮助我安装了 rmagick。

sudo apt-get install libdjvulibre-dev libjpeg-dev libtiff-dev libwmf-dev libmagickcore-dev libmagickwand-dev libmagick++-dev

Answer 6

这对我有用：

1. sudo apt-get install libcairo2=1.14.6-1 --reinstall
2. sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev
3. sudo gem install rmagick