在 Spyder（一般为 Anaconda）（Windows 10）中编码时如何使用我的 GPU？

Question

我最近尝试按照几条说明在 Windows 10 中使用我的 GPU。最初，我按照 Tensorflow (Tensorflow.org) 的说明进行操作。我基于我的显卡安装了 python 3.9.1、cuDNN 11.1、CUDA 11.1.1、NVIDIA GPU 驱动程序，并创建了新路径。之后在 Anaconda(1.10) 中创建了一个名为“Tensorflow”的通道，在该通道中运行的 Spyder(4.1.5) 中导入了 tensorflow，但是当尝试测试是否有可用的 GPU 时，得到“0”结果（下面提供的代码）。实际上我不确定我之前安装的是否以及如何使用。

In [1]: import tensorflow as tf
    2020-12-30 10:48:46.263644: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cudart64_110.dll

In [2]: print("Num GPUs Available: ", len(tf.config.experimental.list_physical_devices('GPU')))

2020-12-30 10:48:46.263644: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cudart64_110.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:54.941741: I tensorflow/compiler/jit/xla_cpu_device.cc:41] Not creating XLA devices, tf_xla_enable_xla_devices not set
2020-12-30 10:48:54.945949: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library nvcuda.dll

2020-12-30 10:48:46.263644: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cudart64_110.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:54.941741: I tensorflow/compiler/jit/xla_cpu_device.cc:41] Not creating XLA devices, tf_xla_enable_xla_devices not set
2020-12-30 10:48:54.945949: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library nvcuda.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:56.212215: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1720] Found device 0 with properties: 
pciBusID: 0000:01:00.0 name: GeForce GTX 1650 computeCapability: 7.5
coreClock: 1.56GHz coreCount: 16 deviceMemorySize: 4.00GiB deviceMemoryBandwidth: 119.24GiB/s
2020-12-30 10:48:56.215245: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cudart64_110.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:56.288545: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cublas64_11.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:56.289169: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cublasLt64_11.dll
Num GPUs Available:  0

2020-12-30 10:48:46.263644: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cudart64_110.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:54.941741: I tensorflow/compiler/jit/xla_cpu_device.cc:41] Not creating XLA devices, tf_xla_enable_xla_devices not set
2020-12-30 10:48:54.945949: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library nvcuda.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:56.212215: I tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1720] Found device 0 with properties: 
pciBusID: 0000:01:00.0 name: GeForce GTX 1650 computeCapability: 7.5
coreClock: 1.56GHz coreCount: 16 deviceMemorySize: 4.00GiB deviceMemoryBandwidth: 119.24GiB/s
2020-12-30 10:48:56.215245: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cudart64_110.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:56.288545: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cublas64_11.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:56.289169: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cublasLt64_11.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:56.326345: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cufft64_10.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:56.336977: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library curand64_10.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:56.338808: W tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:60] Could not load dynamic library 'cusolver64_10.dll'; dlerror: cusolver64_10.dll not found
2020-12-30 10:48:56.359937: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cusparse64_11.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:56.363748: I tensorflow/stream_executor/platform/default/dso_loader.cc:49] Successfully opened dynamic library cudnn64_8.dll
2020-12-30 10:48:56.364357: W tensorflow/core/common_runtime/gpu/gpu_device.cc:1757] Cannot dlopen some GPU libraries. Please make sure the missing libraries mentioned above are installed properly if you would like to use GPU. Follow the guide at https://www.tensorflow.org/install/gpu for how to download and setup the required libraries for your platform.
Skipping registering GPU devices...
In [3]: 

因此，我认为我仍在使用 CPU，并决定按照 Stackoverflow 中类似问题的其他说明进行操作。我以管理员身份运行 Anaconda Prompt，创建了一个名为“tf-gpu”的新频道，使用“pip”安装了 tensorflow、keras 和其他软件包。我从 Anaconda 在这个频道中安装了 Spyder，运行 Spyder 和相同的代码。我得到了同样的结果。

到目前为止没有任何效果，我想利用我的 GPU 来节省一些时间，而不是使用 GoogleColab。如果有任何关于如何使用 Anaconda Spyder 使用我的 GPU 的建议，我会很高兴。

提前谢谢你。

Answer 1

您确定您有使用 GPU 的硬件要求吗？ 因为它说没有可用的 GPU。