【发布时间】:2015-01-22 13:14:07
【问题描述】:
尝试编译以下代码:
#[derive(Show)]
pub enum E1 {
A,
B,
}
#[derive(Show)]
pub enum E2 {
X(E1),
Y(i32),
}
impl std::fmt::String for E1 {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
std::fmt::Show::fmt(self, f)
}
}
impl std::fmt::String for E2 {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
std::fmt::Show::fmt(self, f)
}
}
impl std::error::Error for E2 {
fn description(&self) -> &'static str {
match *self {
E2::X(x) => {
let d: &'static str = x.description();
d
},
E2::Y(_) => "Unknown error",
}
}
}
impl std::error::Error for E1 {
fn description(&self) -> &'static str {
match *self {
E1::A => "Error A",
E1::B => "Error B",
}
}
}
fn main() { }
产生错误:
a.rs:17:39: 17:40 error: `x` does not live long enough
a.rs:17 let d: &'static str = x.description();
^
note: reference must be valid for the static lifetime...
a.rs:15:9: 21:10 note: ...but borrowed value is only valid for the match at 15:8
a.rs:15 match *self {
a.rs:16 E2::X(x) => {
a.rs:17 let d: &'static str = x.description();
a.rs:18 d
a.rs:19 },
a.rs:20 E2::Y(_) => "Unknown error"
...
a.rs:15:15: 15:20 error: cannot move out of borrowed content
a.rs:15 match *self {
^~~~~
a.rs:16:19: 16:20 note: attempting to move value to here
a.rs:16 E2::X(x) => {
^
a.rs:16:19: 16:20 help: to prevent the move, use `ref x` or `ref mut x` to capture value by reference
a.rs:16 E2::X(x) => {
^
error: aborting due to 2 previous errors
将匹配模式更改为 E2::X(ref x) 可能会产生更详细的错误,但让我同样感到困惑:
a.rs:16:19: 16:24 error: cannot infer an appropriate lifetime for pattern due to conflicting requirements
a.rs:16 E2::X(ref x) => {
^~~~~
a.rs:17:39: 17:40 note: first, the lifetime cannot outlive the expression at 17:38...
a.rs:17 let d: &'static str = x.description();
^
a.rs:17:39: 17:40 note: ...so that pointer is not dereferenced outside its lifetime
a.rs:17 let d: &'static str = x.description();
^
a.rs:15:9: 21:10 note: but, the lifetime must be valid for the match at 15:8...
a.rs:15 match *self {
a.rs:16 E2::X(ref x) => {
a.rs:17 let d: &'static str = x.description();
a.rs:18 d
a.rs:19 },
a.rs:20 E2::Y(_) => "Unknown error"
...
a.rs:16:19: 16:24 note: ...so that variable is valid at time of its declaration
a.rs:16 E2::X(ref x) => {
^~~~~
error: aborting due to previous error
在我看来,x 只需要生存到x.description() 返回,但编译器似乎需要比整个匹配块生存得更久。为什么?为什么它还坚持将x 视为参考,而复制可能更合乎逻辑?
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感谢扩展错误消息!