DB2 SQL 添加列值

【问题标题】：DB2 SQL Adding Columns ValuesDB2 SQL 添加列值
【发布时间】：2020-04-02 13:52:07
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试将一些计算列添加在一起，其中这些列的值是当前记录和下一条记录之间的时间戳差异函数的子字符串。不幸的是，子字符串确实返回空值，我试图通过 COALESCE、ISNULL 转换这些值，但我没有得到任何结果，以便正确添加这些值。我也尝试过 SUM 函数，但我也遇到了错误。

select T01."ENGVIDN", T01."ENGSTAT", (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) as "T01 TIMESTAMP",  (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) as "T02 TIMESTAMP",  
CAST(((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))) as INT) as "DIFF",
CAST(SUBSTR(((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))), LOCATE('.', ((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))))-8, 2)as INT) as "DAYS",
CAST(SUBSTR(((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))), LOCATE('.', ((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))))-6, 2) as INT) as "HOURS",
CAST(SUBSTR(((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))), LOCATE('.', ((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))))-4, 2) as INT) as "MINUTES",
CAST(SUBSTR(((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))), LOCATE('.', ((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))))-2, 2) as INT) as "SECONDS",
--
(CAST(SUBSTR(((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))), LOCATE('.', ((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))))-4, 2) as INT)*60 +
CAST(SUBSTR(((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))), LOCATE('.', ((TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) - (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))))-2, 2) as INT))



from mrc_main."SAMENGST" T01 
        INNER JOIN mrc_main."SAMENGST" T02 on RRN(T02) = RRN(T01)+1
                and (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T02."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T02."ENGSTME")+1, 8)))) > (TIMESTAMP(((SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", 1, LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")-1))),(SUBSTR( T01."ENGSTME", LOCATE('T', T01."ENGSTME")+1, 8))))


WHERE T01."ENGVIDN" = T02."ENGVIDN" and
        T02."ENGVIDN" = 212014918948687 and 
        T01."ENGSTME" like '%2020-02-17%'

我正在尝试添加标记为 DAYS、HOURS、MINUTES、SECONDS 的列，那么完成此操作的正确方法是什么？

下面的示例数据

ENGVIDN         ENGSTME                 ENGSTME
212014918948687 2020-02-17T09:46:19Z    Off
212014918948687 2020-02-17T09:46:29Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T09:50:10Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T10:01:11Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T10:12:16Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T11:10:17Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T11:19:27Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T11:23:27Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T11:35:19Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T11:36:53Z    Off
212014918948687 2020-02-17T12:07:20Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T12:09:20Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T12:21:01Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T12:38:48Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T12:39:47Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T12:53:44Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T12:56:23Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T12:58:48Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T13:01:14Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T13:17:17Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T14:01:01Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T14:09:16Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T14:41:29Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T15:01:19Z    Off
212014918948687 2020-02-17T15:35:42Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T15:43:11Z    Off
212014918948687 2020-02-17T16:16:57Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T16:26:36Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T16:50:30Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T16:58:20Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T17:03:24Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T17:13:30Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T17:23:16Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T17:36:51Z    Off
212014918948687 2020-02-17T19:00:35Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T19:19:31Z    Off
212014918948687 2020-02-17T19:21:58Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T19:24:09Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T19:26:08Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T19:42:24Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-17T19:44:27Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T19:48:55Z    Off
212014918948687 2020-02-17T19:50:53Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-17T19:57:27Z    Off
212014918948687 2020-02-18T01:55:56Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-18T01:58:43Z    Off
212014918948687 2020-02-18T05:02:17Z    Off
212014918948687 2020-02-18T08:58:01Z    On
212014918948687 2020-02-18T09:01:45Z    Idle
212014918948687 2020-02-18T09:05:17Z    On

【问题讨论】：

  • 样本数据以及期望的结果真的很有帮助。对逻辑的解释也会有所帮助。
  • 轻松为您提供帮助：minimal reproducible example.
  • 我添加了示例数据。至于想要的结果，我想将 DAYS、HOURS、MINUTES 和 SECONDS 加在一起。这一切背后的逻辑是我想找出第 1 行和第 2 行时间戳之间的差异，然后将差异转换为秒。
  • 修复了示例代码。我注意到第一行不见了。
  • 样本数据是预期的输出吧？您能否也显示输入数据。从你的问题中真的很难想象。

标签： sql db2


【解决方案1】：

我不确定，但它似乎是 V7.1。
按原样尝试：

WITH TAB (ENGSTME) AS 
(
VALUES
  TIMESTAMP('2020-02-17-09.46.19')
, TIMESTAMP('2020-02-17-09.46.29')
, TIMESTAMP('2020-02-17-09.50.10')
, TIMESTAMP('2020-02-17-10.01.11')
, TIMESTAMP('2020-02-17-10.12.16')
, TIMESTAMP('2020-02-17-11.10.17')
)
, TAB_ENUM (RN, ENGSTME) AS 
(
SELECT ROWNUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY ENGSTME) AS RN, ENGSTME
FROM TAB
)
SELECT 
  A.ENGSTME, B.ENGSTME AS ENGSTME_PREV
, DIGITS(DEC(A.ENGSTME - B.ENGSTME, 14)) AS TS_DURATION --yyyymmddhhmmss format with leading zeroes
, (DAYS(A.ENGSTME) - DAYS(B.ENGSTME)) * 86400 + MIDNIGHT_SECONDS(A.ENGSTME) - MIDNIGHT_SECONDS(B.ENGSTME) AS TS_DIFF_SEC
FROM TAB_ENUM A
LEFT JOIN TAB_ENUM B ON B.RN = A.RN - 1 
ORDER BY A.ENGSTME;

结果是：

|ENGSTME            |ENGSTME_PREV       |TS_DURATION   |TS_DIFF_SEC|
|-------------------|-------------------|--------------|-----------|
|2020-02-17 09:46:19|                   |              |           |
|2020-02-17 09:46:29|2020-02-17 09:46:19|00000000000010|10         |
|2020-02-17 09:50:10|2020-02-17 09:46:29|00000000000341|221        |
|2020-02-17 10:01:11|2020-02-17 09:50:10|00000000001101|661        |
|2020-02-17 10:12:16|2020-02-17 10:01:11|00000000001105|665        |
|2020-02-17 11:10:17|2020-02-17 10:12:16|00000000005801|3481       |

这个想法是首先枚举行，然后重新加入行以获得当前行的附加列中的先前时间戳。您可以对每个组（如果有）进行这样的枚举，而不是像示例中那样对整个数据集进行枚举（在开头的 OVER 中添加相应的 PARTITION BY 子句，并在 @987654325 中添加此类组的列@)。
您可以使用TS_DURATION 列或在TS_DIFF_SEC 上使用您自己的计算来获得您想要的其他列。

请提供此示例数据所需的确切结果，如果这不是您想要的。

【讨论】：

  • 马克感谢您的帮助。这并不是我想要的，但它帮助我获得了正确添加的秒数。谢谢。
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