概念
在这种情况下,微调您用来扩张和侵蚀从图像中检测到的精巧边缘的内核非常有用。下面是一个例子,膨胀核是np.ones((4, 2)),腐蚀核是np.ones((13, 7)):
代码
import cv2
import numpy as np
def process(img):
img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
img_blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(img_gray, (3, 3), 2)
img_canny = cv2.Canny(img_blur, 50, 9)
img_dilate = cv2.dilate(img_canny, np.ones((4, 2)), iterations=11)
img_erode = cv2.erode(img_dilate, np.ones((13, 7)), iterations=4)
return cv2.bitwise_not(img_erode)
def get_contours(img):
contours, _ = cv2.findContours(process(img), cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)
cnt = max(contours, key=cv2.contourArea)
cv2.drawContours(img, [cv2.convexHull(cnt)], -1, (0, 0, 255), 2)
img = cv2.imread("image2.png")
get_contours(img)
cv2.imshow("result", img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
输出
提供的两个图像的输出:
图片1:
图 2:
注意事项
请注意,处理后的图像 (二进制) 在 cv2.bitwise_not(img_erode) 处反转。观察两个图像的处理版本(由上面定义的process() 函数返回),反转:
处理后的图像 1:
处理后的图像 2:
工具
最后,如果你碰巧有其他图像上面的程序不能正常工作,你可以使用OpenCV Trackbars通过下面的程序来调整传递给方法的值:
import cv2
import numpy as np
def process(img, b_k, b_s, c_t1, c_t2, k1, k2, k3, k4, iter1, iter2):
img_gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
b_k = b_k // 2 * 2 + 1
img_blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(img_gray, (b_k, b_k), b_s)
img_canny = cv2.Canny(img_blur, c_t1, c_t2)
img_dilate = cv2.dilate(img_canny, np.ones((k1, k2)), iterations=iter1)
img_erode = cv2.erode(img_dilate, np.ones((k3, k4)), iterations=iter2)
return cv2.bitwise_not(img_erode)
d = {"Blur Kernel": (3, 50),
"Blur Sigma": (2, 30),
"Canny Threshold 1": (50, 500),
"Canny Threshold 2": (9, 500),
"Dilate Kernel1": (4, 50),
"Dilate Kernel2": (2, 50),
"Erode Kernel1": (13, 50),
"Erode Kernel2": (7, 50),
"Dilate Iterations": (11, 40),
"Erode Iterations": (4, 40)}
cv2.namedWindow("Track Bars")
for i in d:
cv2.createTrackbar(i, "Track Bars", *d[i], id)
img = cv2.imread("image1.png")
while True:
img_copy = img.copy()
processed = process(img, *(cv2.getTrackbarPos(i, "Track Bars") for i in d))
contours, _ = cv2.findContours(processed, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)
if contours:
cnt = max(contours, key=cv2.contourArea)
cv2.drawContours(img_copy, [cv2.convexHull(cnt)], -1, (0, 0, 255), 2)
cv2.imshow("result", img_copy)
if cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord("q"):
break
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()