PYTHON - 如何从文本文件中提取包含引文标记的句子[重复]

Question

例如，我有 3 个句子，如下所示，其中中间 1 个句子包含引用标记 (Warren and Pereira, 1982)。引用总是用这种格式放在括号中：(~string~comma(,)~space~number~)

他住在 Nidarvoll，今晚我必须在 6 点乘火车去奥斯陆。该系统称为 BusTUC，建立在经典系统 CHAT-80（Warren 和 Pereira，1982）之上。 CHAT-80 是最先进的自然语言系统 凭借其自身的优点令人印象深刻。

我使用正则表达式仅提取中间句子，但它会打印所有 3 个句子。 结果应该是这样的：

名为 BusTUC 的系统建立在经典系统 CHAT-80（Warren 和 Pereira，1982 年）的基础上。

Answer 1

设置... 2句话代表感兴趣的案例：

text = "He lives in Nidarvoll and tonight i must reach a train to Oslo at 6 oclock. The system, called BusTUC is built upon the classical system CHAT-80 (Warren and Pereira, 1982). CHAT-80 was a state of the art natural language system that was impressive on its own merits."

t2 = "He lives in Nidarvoll and tonight i must reach a train to Oslo at 6 oclock. The system, called BusTUC is built upon the classical system CHAT-80 (Warren and Pereira, 1982) fgbhdr was a state of the art natural. CHAT-80 was a state of the art natural language system that was impressive on its own merits."

首先，在引用位于句尾的情况下进行匹配：

p1 = "\. (.*\([A-za-z]+ .* [0-9]+\)\.+?)"

当引文不在句尾时匹配：

p2 = "\. (.*\([A-za-z]+ .* [0-9]+\)[^\.]+\.+?)"

用 `|' 组合这两种情况正则表达式运算符：

p_main = re.compile("\. (.*\([A-za-z]+ .* [0-9]+\)\.+?)"
                "|\. (.*\([A-za-z]+ .* [0-9]+\)[^\.]+\.+?)")

跑步：

>>> print(re.findall(p_main, text))
[('The system, called BusTUC is built upon the classical system CHAT-80 (Warren and Pereira, 1982).', '')]

>>>print(re.findall(p_main, t2))
[('', 'The system, called BusTUC is built upon the classical system CHAT-80 (Warren and Pereira, 1982) fgbhdr was a state of the art natural.')]

在这两种情况下，您都会得到带有引用的句子。

一个很好的资源是 python 正则表达式 documentation 和随附的正则表达式 howto 页面。

干杯

Answer 2

text = "He lives in Nidarvoll and tonight i must reach a train to Oslo at 6 oclock. The system, called BusTUC is built upon the classical system CHAT-80 (Warren and Pereira, 1982). CHAT-80 was a state of the art natural language system that was impressive on its own merits."

您可以将文本拆分成句子列表，然后选择以“)”结尾的句子。

sentences = text.split(".")[:-1]

for sentence in sentences:
    if sentence[-1] == ")":
        print sentence