如何创建提交到 RESTful 操作的 Rails 表单？

Question

使用 Rails 5，我如何创建提交到 RESTful 操作的表单？

在我的路线文件中，我有：

  resources :people do
    collection do
      get 'image/:id', :to => "people#image", :as => 'image'
      get 'ranks', :to => "people#ranks", :as => 'ranks'
      get 'search/:search(.:format)', to: 'people#search'
    end
  end

所以我想知道如何构造一个提交给“搜索”操作的表单。

我尝试了以下方法：

<%= form_tag(people_search_path) do %>
  <%= text_field_tag :search %>
  <%= submit_tag 'Search' %>
<% end %>

但这会导致以下错误：

undefined local variable or method `people_search_path' for #<#<Class:0x00007ff2afc59168>:0x00007ff2afc50f68>

Answer 1

如果您执行rake routes，您会看到您的搜索路径没有名称：

image_people GET    /people/image/:id(.:format)        people#image
ranks_people GET    /people/ranks(.:format)            people#ranks
             GET    /people/search/:search(.:format)   people#search
      people GET    /people(.:format)                  people#index
             POST   /people(.:format)                  people#create
  new_person GET    /people/new(.:format)              people#new
 edit_person GET    /people/:id/edit(.:format)         people#edit
      person GET    /people/:id(.:format)              people#show
             PATCH  /people/:id(.:format)              people#update
             PUT    /people/:id(.:format)              people#update
             DELETE /people/:id(.:format)              people#destroy

如果你这样做：

resources :people do
  collection do
    get  'image/:id', :to => "people#image", :as => 'image'
    get  'ranks', :to => "people#ranks", :as => 'ranks'
    get  'search/:search(.:format)', to: 'people#search', as: :search
  end
end

您会看到您的路径现在有了一个名称：

  image_people GET    /people/image/:id(.:format)         people#image
  ranks_people GET    /people/ranks(.:format)             people#ranks
 search_people GET    /people/search/:search(.:format)    people#search
        people GET    /people(.:format)                   people#index
               POST   /people(.:format)                   people#create
    new_person GET    /people/new(.:format)               people#new
   edit_person GET    /people/:id/edit(.:format)          people#edit
        person GET    /people/:id(.:format)               people#show
               PATCH  /people/:id(.:format)               people#update
               PUT    /people/:id(.:format)               people#update
               DELETE /people/:id(.:format)               people#destroy

您可以将其用作search_people_path。

顺便说一句，我认为(.:format) 位是不必要的，您可以简单地这样做：

post 'search/:search', to: 'people#search', as: :search

如果我是你，我会这样做：

resources :people do
  collection do
    get  'image/:id', :to => "people#image", :as => 'image'
    get  'ranks', :to => "people#ranks", :as => 'ranks'
    get  :search, to: 'people#search', as: :search
  end
end

这会给你：

  image_people GET    /people/image/:id(.:format)         people#image
  ranks_people GET    /people/ranks(.:format)             people#ranks
 search_people GET    /people/search(.:format)            people#search
        people GET    /people(.:format)                   people#index
               POST   /people(.:format)                   people#create
    new_person GET    /people/new(.:format)               people#new
   edit_person GET    /people/:id/edit(.:format)          people#edit
        person GET    /people/:id(.:format)               people#show
               PATCH  /people/:id(.:format)               people#update
               PUT    /people/:id(.:format)               people#update
               DELETE /people/:id(.:format)               people#destroy

然后，我会按照 Anees Muhammed 的建议更新您的表单（我使用 :terms 而不是 :search）：

<%= form_tag search_people_path, method: :get do %>
  <%= text_field_tag :terms %>
  <%= submit_tag 'Search' %>
<% end %>

然后，当你提交时，你应该得到类似的东西：

Started GET "/people/search?terms=foo" for ::1 at 2018-01-29 13:49:40 -0800
Processing by People#search as HTML
  Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "terms"=>"foo", "commit"=>"Search"}

您可以通过params[:terms] 访问您的条款。

顺便说一句，没有关于此的“非 RESTful”。 IMO 完全一致 the Guide 添加 RESTful 操作。

Answer 2

您应该使用search_people_path 而不是people_search_path。但我不认为这种改变会让你达到你想要达到的目标。由于您的路线是
get 'search/:search(.:format)', to: 'people#search'
，rails 会期望您为关键字 :search 提供一个值，以使用类似 search_people_path(yoursearchterm) 的内容构建一个类似 /people/search/yoursearchterm 的 URL。为了使您的功能正常工作，请将表单更改为

<%= form_tag search_people_path, method: :get do %>
  <%= text_field_tag :search %>
  <%= submit_tag 'Search' %>
<% end %>

然后在您的控制器中

def search
  params[:search]
end

还有前往

的路线

get 'search', to: 'people#search'

更新

由于您尝试将表单直接提交到 search/:search 这样的休息路线，我相信没有直接的 rails 方法可以实现相同的目标，因为这就是表单的工作方式。但是，如果您在提交表单时只想要一条像yourwebsite.com/search/yoursearchterm 这样的休息路线，那么有一些解决方法可以实现这一点。要么您必须在提交表单时写一段 js 并将请求转发到您的带有输入值的路由，或者您可以在控制器中执行重定向到路由，如下所示。
路线：

resources :people do
    collection do
      get 'search', to: 'people#search_people'
      get 'search/:search', to: 'people#search'
    end
  end

因此，首先将表单提交到search_people 操作，然后重定向到使用参数进行搜索。在控制器中

def search_people
    redirect_to search_people_path(params[:search])
end

这将为您提供一个 URL yoursite.com/people/search/searchterm，然后在您的 search 操作中，您可以使用搜索参数。

希望这会有所帮助。