Python if 对字符串列表的语句以及对期望/排除关键字列表的任何语句

Question

我正在尝试检查字符串项目列表是否有子字符串属于字符串列表（理想列表）但不属于另一个字符串列表（排除列表）。下面是我正在尝试做的一个示例：

worthwhile_gifts = []

wishlist = ['dog', 'cat', 'horse', 'pony']

gifts = ['a dog', 'a bulldog', 'a cartload of cats', 'Mickey doghouse', 'blob fish']

# Checking that various Xmas gifts include items from wishlist
for gift in gifts:
    if any(i in gift for i in wishlist):
        worthwhile_gifts.append(gift)

查看结果，我们得到了我们期望的结果

>>> print(worthwhile_gifts)
['a dog', 'a bulldog', 'a cartload of cats', 'Mickey doghouse']

现在我要做的是根据以下两个列表检查礼物列表（我想要来自 wishlist 但不是来自 blocklist 的项目）并且我很难生成 if 语句包含两个 any 语句的条件

wishlist = ['dog', 'cat', 'horse', 'poney']
blocklist = ['bulldog', 'caterpillar', 'workhorse']

# Expected result would exclude 'bulldog'
>>> print(worthwhile_gifts)
['a dog', 'a cartload of cats', 'Mickey doghouse']

知道如何构造这个 if 语句吗？我试过if (any(i in gift for i in wishlist)) and (any(i in gift for i not in blocklist))，但这不起作用。

Answer 1

你已经接近了，你需要检查礼物不在黑名单中（all & not int）

wishlist = ['dog', 'cat', 'horse', 'poney']
blocklist = ['bulldog', 'caterpillar', 'workhorse']

gifts = ['a dog', 'a bulldog', 'a cartload of cats', 'Mickey doghouse', 'blob fish']

worthwhile_gifts = []

for gift in gifts:
    if any(i in gift for i in wishlist) and all(i not in gift for i in blocklist):
        worthwhile_gifts.append(gift)

print(worthwhile_gifts)

结果：

['a dog', 'a cartload of cats', 'Mickey doghouse']