Docker nginx php-fpm 7.4 alpine 与 CentOS 7 中的 Oracle Instant Client - 无法加载动态库“oci8.so”和“pdo_oci.so”

【问题标题】：Docker nginx php-fpm 7.4 alpine with Oracle Instant Client in CentOS 7 - Unable to load dynamic library 'oci8.so' & 'pdo_oci.so'Docker nginx php-fpm 7.4 alpine 与 CentOS 7 中的 Oracle Instant Client - 无法加载动态库“oci8.so”和“pdo_oci.so”
【发布时间】：2020-03-20 12:42:46
【问题描述】：

我是在服务器上设置 Oracle 数据库的新手，我正在 CentOS7 服务器上使用 Docker 设置 NGINX PHP-FPM 7.4 Alpine 和 Oracle 数据库 (centos-release-7-7.1908.0.el7.centos. x86_64)。

我已经在 Docker 中成功安装了 Oracle 数据库，所以我的下一个目标是能够使用 PHP 中的函数 oci_connect 连接到 Oracle 数据库。这就是我卡住的地方。我一直在following this 下载所需的软件，例如 Oracle Instant Client。 （撰写本文时我使用的是最新版本：instantclient-basic-linux.x64-19.6.0.0.0dbru）

我为 docker-compose 获得了以下文件：

docker-compose.yml:

version: '3'
services:
  web:
    image: nginx:alpine
    ports:
      - 8080:80
    volumes:
      - ./web:/var/www/web
      - ./log:/var/log/nginx
      - ./nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
      - ./nginx/conf.d/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
    restart: always
  phpfpm:
    build:
      context: ./php-fpm
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    volumes:
      - ./web:/var/www/web

php-fpm/Dockerfile：

FROM php:7.4-fpm-alpine

RUN mkdir -p /var/www/web

# custom.ini is basically my php.ini
ADD custom.ini /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/custom.ini

RUN apk add --update --no-cache \
    libzip-dev \
    curl-dev \
    libxml2-dev \
    libpng-dev \
    $PHPIZE_DEPS \
    php7-openssl

RUN docker-php-ext-configure gd

RUN docker-php-ext-install \
    curl \
    dom \
    gd \
    json \
    tokenizer \
    zip 


# Install Oracle Instantclient
RUN mkdir /opt/oracle \
    && cd /opt/oracle 


ADD instantclient-basic-linux.x64-19.6.0.0.0dbru.zip /opt/oracle/instantclient-basic-linux.x64-19.6.0.0.0dbru.zip
ADD instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-19.6.0.0.0dbru.zip /opt/oracle/instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-19.6.0.0.0dbru.zip

RUN rm -rf /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6/*

RUN unzip /opt/oracle/instantclient-basic-linux.x64-19.6.0.0.0dbru.zip -d /opt/oracle \
    && unzip /opt/oracle/instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-19.6.0.0.0dbru.zip -d /opt/oracle \
    && ln -sf /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6/libclntsh.so.19.1 /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6/libclntsh.so \
    && ln -sf /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6/libclntshcore.so.19.1 /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6/libclntshcore.so \
    && ln -sf /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6/libocci.so.19.1 /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6/libocci.so \
    && rm -rf /opt/oracle/*.zip

# Install Oracle extensions
RUN docker-php-ext-configure pdo_oci --with-pdo-oci=instantclient,/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6,19.1 \
       && echo 'instantclient,/opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6/' | pecl install oci8 \
       && docker-php-ext-install \
               pdo_oci \
       && docker-php-ext-enable \
               oci8

RUN apk add --no-cache --repository http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/community/ --allow-untrusted gnu-libiconv
ENV LD_PRELOAD /usr/lib/preloadable_libiconv.so php

EXPOSE 9000

CMD ["php-fpm"]

此外，我还将这些Oracle相关的“扩展”添加到上面的php-fpm/Dockerfile中提到的custom.ini（基本上是我的php.ini）中：

expose_php = Off
extension=oci8.so
extension=pdo_oci.so

docker-compose up

当我执行 docker-compose up 时，我看到构建过程可以完成，但我在构建输出中遇到以下警告：

...
...

Installing shared extensions:     /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/
PHP Warning:  PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library 'oci8.so' (tried: /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so: No such file or directory), /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so.so: No such file or directory)) in Unknown on line 0
PHP Warning:  PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library 'pdo_oci.so' (tried: /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so: No such file or directory), /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so.so: No such file or directory)) in Unknown on line 0
PHP Warning:  PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library 'oci8.so' (tried: /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so: No such file or directory), /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so.so: No such file or directory)) in Unknown on line 0
PHP Warning:  PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library 'pdo_oci.so' (tried: /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so: No such file or directory), /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so.so: No such file or directory)) in Unknown on line 0

...
...

此“无法加载动态库 'oci8.so' 和 'pdo_oci.so'”在构建中大约出现 20 次。

整个构建过程完成后，php-fpm 运行，但也有类似的警告消息：

Successfully built c5fe0a0bc6ab
Successfully tagged nginx-php_phpfpm:latest
Starting nginx-php_web_1    ... done
Creating nginx-php_phpfpm_1 ... done
Attaching to nginx-php_web_1, nginx-php_phpfpm_1
phpfpm_1  | [20-Mar-2020 11:30:03] NOTICE: PHP message: PHP Warning:  PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library 'oci8.so' (tried: /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so (Error loading shared library libnsl.so.1: No such file or directory (needed by /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6//libclntsh.so.19.1)), /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so.so: No such file or directory)) in Unknown on line 0
phpfpm_1  | [20-Mar-2020 11:30:03] NOTICE: PHP message: PHP Warning:  PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library 'pdo_oci.so' (tried: /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so (Error loading shared library libnsl.so.1: No such file or directory (needed by /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6/libclntsh.so.19.1)), /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so.so: No such file or directory)) in Unknown on line 0
phpfpm_1  | [20-Mar-2020 11:30:03] NOTICE: PHP message: PHP Warning:  PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library 'oci8.so' (tried: /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so (Error loading shared library libnsl.so.1: No such file or directory (needed by /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6//libclntsh.so.19.1)), /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so.so: No such file or directory)) in Unknown on line 0
phpfpm_1  | [20-Mar-2020 11:30:03] NOTICE: PHP message: PHP Warning:  PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library 'pdo_oci.so' (tried: /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so (Error loading shared library libnsl.so.1: No such file or directory (needed by /opt/oracle/instantclient_19_6/libclntsh.so.19.1)), /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so.so (Error loading shared library /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/pdo_oci.so.so: No such file or directory)) in Unknown on line 0
phpfpm_1  | [20-Mar-2020 11:30:03] NOTICE: fpm is running, pid 1
phpfpm_1  | [20-Mar-2020 11:30:03] NOTICE: ready to handle connections

PHP 测试

我还用一个 .php 文件对此进行了测试：

<?php

  $objConnect = oci_connect('SYSTEM', 'xxxxxxxxxx', 'x.x.x.x');
    if($objConnect)
    {
        echo "Oracle Server Connected";
    }     
?>

显然，这会在浏览器上产生：

Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Call to undefined function oci_connect() in /var/www/web/public/index.php:3 Stack trace: #0 {main} thrown in /var/www/web/public/index.php on line 3

查看容器

我还尝试使用：docker exec -it 623 sh 查看容器本身以检查应用程序所指的目录：

/usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902 # ls -la
total 2588
drwxr-xr-x    1 root     root            39 Mar 20 11:29 .
drwxr-xr-x    1 root     root            39 Mar 19 22:43 ..
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root        122288 Mar 20 11:28 curl.so
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root        249824 Mar 20 11:28 dom.so
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root        433280 Mar 20 11:29 gd.so
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root         54944 Mar 20 11:29 json.so
-rw-r--r--    1 root     root        911808 Mar 20 11:29 oci8.so
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root        579504 Mar 19 22:43 opcache.so
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root         51368 Mar 20 11:29 pdo_oci.so
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root        108128 Mar 19 22:43 sodium.so
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root         35952 Mar 20 11:29 tokenizer.so
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     root         89600 Mar 20 11:29 zip.so

我看到所有文件都在那里，那么Unable to load dynamic library 'oci8.so' (tried: /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/oci8.so 是什么？当它在容器中时，它为什么找不到库？

我尝试过的其他方法：

我也尝试过查看 StackOverflow，并尝试了这个 answer，但在我的 Dockerfile 中添加 ENV LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902 并不能解决问题。

在这种情况下我错过了什么吗？我必须做什么才能使它能够为图书馆解决？还是在这种情况下存在一些不兼容问题？

【问题讨论】：

标签： php oracle docker centos oracle-call-interface


【解决方案1】：

添加到您的 Dockerfile：

# ORACLE EXTENSION
RUN apt-get update && apt-get -y install wget bsdtar libaio1 && \
    wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/caffeinalab/php-fpm-oci8/master/oracle/instantclient-basic-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip | bsdtar -xvf- -C /usr/local && \
    wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/caffeinalab/php-fpm-oci8/master/oracle/instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip | bsdtar -xvf-  -C /usr/local && \
    wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/caffeinalab/php-fpm-oci8/master/oracle/instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip | bsdtar -xvf- -C /usr/local && \
    ln -s /usr/local/instantclient_12_2 /usr/local/instantclient && \
    ln -s /usr/local/instantclient/libclntsh.so.* /usr/local/instantclient/libclntsh.so && \
    ln -s /usr/local/instantclient/lib* /usr/lib && \
    ln -s /usr/local/instantclient/sqlplus /usr/bin/sqlplus

RUN echo 'instantclient,/usr/local/instantclient/' | pecl install oci8 \
    && docker-php-ext-enable oci8 \
    && docker-php-ext-configure pdo_oci --with-pdo-oci=instantclient,/usr/local/instantclient \
    && docker-php-ext-install pdo_oci

【讨论】：

  • 永远不要从非 Oracle 站点下载 Instant Client。您可以从 Oracle 本身获取 wget，无需登录或点击。链接位于oracle.com/database/technologies/instant-client/… 没有理由使用 12.2.0.1。改用 19c（这实际上是重命名的 12.2.x 版本）。 19c 版本将连接到与 12.2 相同的数据库版本。
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