数据框的标准偏差不起作用

Question

我在计算标准偏差时遇到了一个意外 [至少对我来说] 错误。 想法 [*] 是将所有缺失值转换为 1，否则转换为 0。 然后在完成相关之前提取具有一些 [但不是全部] 缺失值的变量。使用 sd 函数尝试提取步骤，但失败 [为什么？]。

library(VIM)
data(sleep) # dataset with missing values

x = as.data.frame(abs(is.na(sleep))) # converts all NA to 1, otherwise 0
y = x[which(sd(x) > 0)] # attempt to extract variables with missing values

Error in is.data.frame(x) : 
(list) object cannot be coerced to type 'double'

# convert to double    
z = as.data.frame(apply(x, 2, as.numeric))
y = z[which(sd(z) > 0)]

Error in is.data.frame(x) : 
(list) object cannot be coerced to type 'double'

[*] R 在行动中，罗伯特·卡巴科夫

Answer 1

data.frames 上的sd 自 R-3.0.0 起已失效：

> ## Build a db of all R news entries.
> db <- news()
> ## sd
> news(grepl("sd", Text), db=db)
Changes in version 3.0.3:

PACKAGE INSTALLATION

    o   The new field SysDataCompression in the DESCRIPTION file allows
        user control over the compression used for sysdata.rda objects in
        the lazy-load database.

Changes in version 3.0.0:

DEPRECATED AND DEFUNCT

    o   mean() for data frames and sd() for data frames and matrices are
        defunct.

请改用sapply(x, sd)。