Boost 序列化段错误

Question

我正在尝试序列化一个班级成员。下面的 sn-p 代码将显示相关的类定义和我包含的非侵入式序列化代码。我在尝试序列化类成员 shash_table_ 的 saveHashTable() 方法期间遇到段错误。这是代码的独立修剪版本：

#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <fstream>
#include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/vector.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/set.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/utility.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/map.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/list.hpp>

using namespace std;

struct ORROctree
    {
      public:
        struct Node
        {
          public:
            struct Data
            {               
              public:
                float n_[3], p_[3];
                int id_x_, id_y_, id_z_, lin_id_, num_points_;
                std::set<Node*> neighbors_;
                void *user_data_;
            };

          public: 
            Node::Data *data_;
            float center_[3], bounds_[6], radius_;
            Node *parent_, *children_;
        };        
      protected:
        float voxel_size_, bounds_[6];
        int tree_levels_;
        Node* root_;
        std::vector<Node*> full_leaves_;                  
    };

struct ModelLibrary
{  

    template <typename T, typename REAL = float>    
    struct NDIMVoxelStructure 
    {
        T *voxels_;        
        std::vector<int> total_num_of_voxels_i_;
        std::vector<int> num_of_voxels_;
        long total_num_of_voxels_;
        std::vector<REAL> bounds_;
        std::vector<REAL> spacing_; 
        std::vector<REAL> min_center_;
};


    typedef std::pair<const ORROctree::Node::Data*, const ORROctree::Node::Data*>  Dipole;
    struct Base {
         Dipole seg1;
         Dipole seg2;
    };
    typedef std::list<Base> bases_list;
    typedef std::map <string, bases_list> SerializeHashTableCell;
    // MEMBER TO BE SERIALIZED
    typedef NDIMVoxelStructure<SerializeHashTableCell> SerializeHashTable;

  public:
    SerializeHashTable shash_table_;

  public:
    bool saveHashTable();

    bool loadHashTable();
};



// SERIALIZATION METHODS FOR THE TYPES USED TO FORM THE SERIALIZEHASHTABLE


namespace boost {
namespace serialization {

template<class Archive>
inline void serialize(Archive & ar, ModelLibrary::SerializeHashTable & h, const unsigned int version)
{
  ar & h.total_num_of_voxels_;
  ar & boost::serialization::make_array(h.voxels_, h.total_num_of_voxels_);
  ar & h.num_of_voxels_;
  ar & h.total_num_of_voxels_i_;
  ar & h.bounds_;
  ar & h.spacing_;
  ar & h.min_center_;
}


template<class Archive>
inline void serialize(Archive & ar, ModelLibrary::Base & b, const unsigned int version)
{
  ar & b.seg1;
  ar & b.seg2;
}


template<class Archive>
inline void serialize(Archive & ar, ORROctree::Node n, const unsigned int version)
{
  ar & n.data_;
  ar & n.center_;
  ar & n.bounds_;
  ar & n.radius_;
  ar & n.parent_;
  ar & n.children_;
}

template<class Archive>
inline void serialize(Archive & ar, ORROctree::Node::Data d, const unsigned int version)
{
  ar & d.id_x_;
  ar & d.id_y_;
  ar & d.id_z_;
  ar & d.neighbors_;
  ar & d.lin_id_;
  ar & d.num_points_;
  ar & d.p_;
}
}
}

bool ModelLibrary::saveHashTable ()
{
    std::ofstream ofs("test.txt");
    boost::archive::text_oarchive oa(ofs);
    oa << shash_table_;
    return true;
}


bool
ModelLibrary::loadHashTable ()
{
    std::ifstream ifs("test.txt");
    boost::archive::text_iarchive ia(ifs);
    ia >> shash_table_;
    return true;
}


int main() 
{
    ModelLibrary m;
    m.saveHashTable();
}

Answer 1

您只需要初始化数据结构中的数据。所有未显式初始化的原始类型都将具有 indeterminate（“随机”）值。这包括指针，这意味着您通过取消引用指向随机内存位置的指针来调用 Undefined Behaviour。

这里有一个更新，可能是最简单的初始化，它在 Valgrind 下运行干净。这是一个很好的工具。使用它！

另外，增加编译器消息（gcc/clang 至少为-Wall -Wextra -pedantic）。

在各个地方添加：

Data() : id_x_(0), id_y_(0), id_z_(0), lin_id_(0), num_points_(0), user_data_(0)
{
    std::fill(n_, n_+3, 0);
    std::fill(p_, p_+3, 0);
}
Node() : data_(0), radius_(0), parent_(0), children_(0) 
{
    std::fill(center_, center_+3, 0);
    std::fill(bounds_, bounds_+6, 0);
}
ORROctree() : voxel_size_(0), tree_levels_(0), root_(0)
{
    std::fill(bounds_, bounds_+6, 0);
}
NDIMVoxelStructure() : voxels_(0), total_num_of_voxels_(0) 
{ }
Base() : seg1(0, 0), seg2(0, 0) 
{ }

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更新来自评论：以下几行显然是错误的：

inline void serialize(Archive & ar, ORROctree::Node n, const unsigned int version)
inline void serialize(Archive & ar, ORROctree::Node::Data d, const unsigned int version)

应该读过

inline void serialize(Archive & ar, ORROctree::Node& n, const unsigned int version)
inline void serialize(Archive & ar, ORROctree::Node::Data& d, const unsigned int version)