【发布时间】:2016-09-27 11:39:27
【问题描述】:
我正在尝试在 android 上模拟 标枪投掷。我计算了标枪轨迹每个点的切线斜率。为了计算轨迹坐标,我使用了 Projectile 运动方程
x = (int) (x0 + v0 * t * Math.cos(radians)); //for coordinate x
和
y = (int) (y0 - v0 * t * Math.sin(radians) + 0.5 * g * t * t);
为了计算标枪轨迹的切线斜率,我推导出了这个关于 x 的方程:
y = Math.tan(radians) * x - g / (2 * Math.pow(v0, 2) * Math.pow(Math.cos(radians), 2)) * x^2
dy = Math.tan(radians) - (g * x) / (Math.pow(v0, 2) * Math.pow(Math.cos(radians), 2))
问题是,它在仰角 如果仰角较大,则无法计算正确的坡度。
代码如下:
public class ThrowJavelin extends ImageView {
private Context mContext;
int x0 = -1;
int y0 = -1;
int x = x0;
int y = y0;
private Handler h;
private final int FRAME_RATE = 5;
private double t = 0;
private float g = 9.81f;
//initial velocity
private int v0;
//elevation angle in radians
private double radians;
//javelin current angle in degrees
private double javelin_angle;
public ThrowJavelin(Context context, AttributeSet attr) { super(context, attr); }
public ThrowJavelin(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr){ super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr); }
public ThrowJavelin(Context context, Bundle args) {
super(context);
mContext = context;
h = new Handler();
//input values
v0 = args.getInt("velocity");
radians = args.getDouble("radians");
}
private Runnable r = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
invalidate();
}
};
protected void onDraw(Canvas c) {
Bitmap javelin = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.jav);
DerivativeStructure alpha = null;
if (x < 0 && y < 0) {
x0 = 0;
y0 = c.getHeight() - 200;
x = x0;
y = y0;
javelin = rotateBitmap(javelin, (float) Math.toDegrees(radians));
} else if (y > y0) { //reset to beginning
x = x0;
y = y0;
t = 0;
javelin = rotateBitmap(javelin, (float) Math.toDegrees(radians));
} else {
//calculate current coordinates (depends on t)
x = (int) (x0 + v0 * t * Math.cos(radians));
y = (int) (y0 - v0 * t * Math.sin(radians) + 0.5 * g * t * t);
if (x == 0) {
javelin_angle = Math.toDegrees(radians);
} else {
// dy of 3rd equation
javelin_angle = Math.toDegrees(Math.tan(radians) - (g * x) / (Math.pow(v0, 2) * Math.pow(Math.cos(radians), 2)));
}
javelin = rotateBitmap(javelin, javelin_angle);
t += 0.3;
}
c.drawBitmap(javelin, x, y, null);
h.postDelayed(r, FRAME_RATE);
}
public Bitmap rotateBitmap(Bitmap image, double angle){
float alpha = (float) angle;
Matrix mat = new Matrix();
System.out.println(-alpha);
mat.postRotate(-alpha);
return Bitmap.createBitmap(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight(), mat, true);
}
}
我真的不明白,为什么 ot 对于更大的角度不能正常工作。请问有什么想法吗?
【问题讨论】:
-
第二个方程应该是什么?
y对t的导数是dy = g * t - v0 * Math.sin(radians)。结果角度为tan(dy)。 -
@NicoSchertler 嗨 Nico,第二个方程应该计算 y 相对于时间 t 的坐标。我需要的是计算第三个方程的导数,它代表我的标枪相对于坐标 x 的轨迹。顺便说一句,我不知道为什么我可以直接使用 DerivativeStructure
javelin_angle = Math.toDegrees(Math.tan(radians) - (g * x) / (Math.pow(v0, 2) * Math.pow(Math.cos(radians), 2)));但情况是一样的,只有在仰角低于 65 度时才能正常工作