如何在 ASP.NET 中将业务模型与身份模型分开？

Question

我正在使用实体框架和身份框架构建错误跟踪器。到目前为止，它包含三个模型，ApplicationUser、Projects 和 Ticket。 ApplicationUser 模型是 Identity 模型，而 Projects 和 Tickets 是业务模型。我不希望在进行迁移时将 Projects 和 Tickets 模型表示为用户，那么我将如何将这些模型彼此分离？我见过人们为他们的 Identity 类创建一个单独的类库，但不确定这是否可行。

错误：

没有为此 DbContext 配置数据库提供程序。可以通过覆盖“DbContext.OnConfiguring”方法或在应用程序服务提供程序上使用“AddDbContext”来配置提供程序。如果使用了“AddDbContext”，则还要确保您的 DbContext 类型在其构造函数中接受 DbContextOptions 对象并将其传递给 DbContext 的基本构造函数

Startup.cs

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddControllersWithViews();
    services.AddDbContext<UsersContext>(opt => opt.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("IssueTrackerConnection")));

    // In production, the React files will be served from this directory
    services.AddSpaStaticFiles(configuration =>
            {
                configuration.RootPath = "ClientApp/build";
            });

    // services.AddScoped<IIssueTrackerRepo, SqlUsersRepo>();
    services.AddAutoMapper(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies());
    services.AddControllers().AddNewtonsoftJson();
    services.AddRazorPages();
    services.AddDistributedMemoryCache();
    services.AddSession();
          
    services.AddDefaultIdentity<ApplicationUser>()
                .AddEntityFrameworkStores<UsersContext>()
                .AddDefaultTokenProviders();
}

IdentityDbContext类：

using IssueTracker.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;

namespace IssueTracker.Data
{
    public class UsersContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>
    {
        public UsersContext()
        {
        }

        public UsersContext(DbContextOptions<UsersContext> opt) : base(opt)
        {
        }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder builder)
        {
            base.OnModelCreating(builder);
            // Customize the ASP.NET Identity model and override the defaults if needed.
            // For example, you can rename the ASP.NET Identity table names and more.
            // Add your customizations after calling base.OnModelCreating(builder);

        }

        public DbSet<ApplicationUser> ApplicationUser { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Projects> Projects { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Tickets> Tickets { get; set; }
    }
}

ApplicationUser模型类：

using System;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace IssueTracker.Models
{
    public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
    {
        public ApplicationUser()
        {
        }

        [Required]
        public string ApplicationUserusername { get; set; }

        [Required]
        public string password { get; set; }

        [Required]
        public string role { get; set; }

        public string Projectsname { get; set; }

        [ForeignKey("Projectsname")]
        public virtual Projects Projects { get; set; }

        public ApplicationUser(string ApplicationUserusername, string password, string role, string Projectsname)
        {
            this.ApplicationUserusername = ApplicationUserusername;
            this.role = role;
            this.password = password;
            this.Projectsname = Projectsname;
        }
    }
}
 

Projects模型类：

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace IssueTracker.Models
{
    public class Projects
    {
        public Projects(string Projectsname, string description, string password)
        {
            this.Projectsname = Projectsname;
            this.description = description;
            this.password = password;
        }

        public Projects()
        {
        }

        [Key]
        [Required]
        public string Projectsname { get; set; }

        [Required]
        public string description { get; set; }

        public string ApplicationUserusername { get; set; }

        [ForeignKey("ApplicationUserusername")]
        public virtual ApplicationUser ApplicationUser { get; set; }

        public string password { get; set; }
    }
}

Tickets模型类：

using System;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace IssueTracker.Models
{
    public class Tickets
    {
        [Key]
        [Required]
        public string title { get; set; }
        
        [Required]
        public string submitter { get; set; }

        [Required]
        public string developer { get; set; }

        [Required]
        public string status { get; set; }

        [DataType(DataType.Date)]
        [DisplayFormat(DataFormatString = "{0:dd/MM/yyyy}")]
        [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]
        public DateTime? created { get; set; }

        public string? Projectsname { get; set; }

        [ForeignKey("Projectsname")]
        public virtual Projects Projects { get; set; }

        public Tickets(string title, string submitter, string developer, string status, DateTime created, string Projectsname)
        {
            this.title = title;
            this.submitter = submitter;
            this.developer = developer;
            this.status = status;
            this.created = created;
            this.Projectsname = Projectsname;
        }

        public Tickets()
        {
        }
    }
}

appsettings.json:

{
  "Logging": {
    "LogLevel": {
      "Default": "Information",
      "Microsoft": "Warning",
      "Microsoft.Hosting.Lifetime": "Information"
    }
  },
  "AllowedHosts": "*",
  "ConnectionStrings":
  {
    "IssueTrackerConnection": "Server=localhost, 1433; Initial Catalog=IssueTrackerDB; User ID=sa; Password=***********"
  },
}

Answer 1

首先你可以创建一个新工作：

然后添加你的模型。改变你的上下文和你的启动就像你的代码一样。

上下文：

public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>
{
    public ApplicationDbContext()
    {

    }
    public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options)
        : base(options)
    {
    }
    protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder builder)
    {
        base.OnModelCreating(builder);
    }
    public DbSet<ApplicationUser> ApplicationUser { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Projects> Projects { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Tickets> Tickets { get; set; }
}

启动：

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
            options.UseSqlServer(
                Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
        services.AddDatabaseDeveloperPageExceptionFilter();

        services.AddDefaultIdentity<ApplicationUser>(options => options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedAccount = true)
            .AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();
        services.AddControllersWithViews();
    }

把你的connectionString改成你自己。

然后迁移。

结果：

那你可以比较一下这个项目和你的区别。由于我无法知道你项目的结构，所以很难找到你的问题。