如果没有更改，Git 提交将失败构建，但退出代码仍为 0

Question

在编写提交构建工件并将其推送到另一个存储库的 GitHub 操作时，我遇到了我不理解的 git push 的奇怪行为。

这是我的构建脚本：

#!/bin/sh

# Exit immediately if a command exits with a non-zero status:
set -e

### Creation of artifacts happens here. They are written to ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/output/

echo "Cloning $artifacts_repo ..."
git clone $artifacts_repo "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/artifacts_repo"
echo "DEBUG: exit code of 'git clone' operation:"
echo $?

echo "Moving generated files to ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/artifacts_repo/auto-generated ..."
mkdir -p "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/artifacts_repo/auto-generated"
yes | cp --recursive --force "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/output/." "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/artifacts_repo/auto-generated"

echo "Committing artifacts ..."
cd "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/artifacts_repo"

git status
echo "DEBUG: exit code of 'git status' operation:"
echo $?

git add .
echo "DEBUG: exit code of 'git add' operation:"
echo $?

git commit -m"Auto-generated artifacts"
echo "DEBUG: exit code of 'git commit' operation:"
echo $?

echo "Pushing artifacts ..."
git push
echo "DEBUG: exit code of 'git push' operation:"
echo $?

如果有要提交的更改，则脚本会成功运行。所有退出代码都是0，

如果有 没有 更改要提交（因为生成的文件与存储库中已经存在的文件匹配），则脚本在 git commit 操作时失败，而不会打印退出代码。其他退出代码仍然是0。

我启用了set -e 以使构建在第一个非零退出代码处失败。

如果我删除set -e 来调试它，脚本会运行，但即使没有更改提交，git commit 的退出代码是0。那么为什么构建会失败呢？

这是set -e 被禁用时的输出：

Cloning https://***@github.com/my-org/my-repo.git ...
Cloning into '/github/workspace/artifacts_repo'...
DEBUG: exit code of 'git clone' operation:
0
Moving generated files to /github/workspace/artifacts_repo/auto-generated ...
Committing artifacts ...
On branch master
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.

nothing to commit, working tree clean
DEBUG: exit code of 'git status' operation:
0
DEBUG: exit code of 'git add' operation:
0
On branch master
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.

nothing to commit, working tree clean
DEBUG: exit code of 'git commit' operation:
0
Pushing artifacts ...
Everything up-to-date
DEBUG: exit code of 'git push' operation:
0

有人知道为什么会这样吗？ Git有什么问题吗？这与 GitHub 操作的工作方式有关（我是新手）吗？我做错了吗？

Answer 1

git commit -m"Auto-generated artifacts"
echo "DEBUG: exit code of 'git commit' operation:"
echo $?

回声$？表示之前执行命令的状态码。所以这意味着我们已经执行了echo "DEBUG: exit code of 'git commit' operation:"，所以状态码是零。

启用 set -e 后，它会监控每个命令的执行，以便 git commit 给出非零代码构建失败。你所有的 echo $?声明。

希望清楚。