调整 Keras 中的隐藏层数

Question

我只是想用著名的 MNIST 数据集探索 keras 和 tensorflow。 我已经应用了一些基本的神经网络，但是在调整一些超参数时，尤其是层数，感谢 sklearn 包装器GridSearchCV，我收到以下错误：

Parameter values for parameter (hidden_layers) need to be a sequence(but not a string) or np.ndarray.

因此您可以更好地查看我发布代码的主要部分。

数据准备

# Extract label
X_train=train.drop(labels = ["label"],axis = 1,inplace=False)
Y_train=train['label']
del train

# Reshape to fit MLP
X_train = X_train.values.reshape(X_train.shape[0],784).astype('float32')
X_train = X_train / 255

# Label format
from keras.utils import np_utils
Y_train = keras.utils.to_categorical(Y_train, num_classes = 10)
num_classes = Y_train.shape[1]

Keras 部分

from keras.wrappers.scikit_learn import KerasClassifier
from sklearn.model_selection import GridSearchCV

# Function with hyperparameters to optimize
def create_model(optimizer='adam', activation = 'sigmoid', hidden_layers=2):
  # Initialize the constructor
    model = Sequential()
      # Add an input layer
    model.add(Dense(32, activation=activation, input_shape=784))

    for i in range(hidden_layers):
        # Add one hidden layer
        model.add(Dense(16, activation=activation))

      # Add an output layer 
    model.add(Dense(num_classes, activation='softmax'))
      #compile model
    model.compile(loss='categorical_crossentropy', optimizer=optimizer, metrics=
     ['accuracy'])
    return model

# Model which will be the input for the GridSearchCV function
modelCV = KerasClassifier(build_fn=create_model, verbose=0)

GridSearchCV

from keras.activations import relu, sigmoid
from keras.datasets import mnist
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense, Activation
from keras.layers import Dropout
from keras.utils import np_utils

activations = [sigmoid, relu]
param_grid = dict(hidden_layers=3,activation=activations, batch_size = [256], epochs=[30])
grid = GridSearchCV(estimator=modelCV, param_grid=param_grid, scoring='accuracy')
grid_result = grid.fit(X_train, Y_train)

我只是想让您知道Grid Search the number of hidden layers with keras这里已经提出了相同的问题，但答案根本不完整，我无法添加评论以回复回答者。

谢谢！

Answer 1

你应该添加：

for i in range(int(hidden_layers)):
    # Add one hidden layer
    model.add(Dense(16, activation=activation))

尝试将 param_grid 的值添加为列表：

params_grid={"hidden_layers": [3]}

Answer 2

当您设置参数 hidden layer =2 时，它会以字符串形式出现，因此会引发错误。

理想情况下，它应该是一个序列来运行你错误所说的代码