将 apache 重写规则转换为 nginx 以提供静态文件答案

【问题标题】：Converting apache rewrite rules to nginx for serving static files将 apache 重写规则转换为 nginx 以提供静态文件
【发布时间】：2017-09-23 21:53:16
【问题描述】：

我有一个带有 nginx 的虚拟主机：

如果是静态文件，发送给apache

如果是 python 文件，发送到 Python webserver

server {
  listen *:80;
  server_name mywebsite.fr;

  index index.html index.htm;

  access_log /var/log/nginx/proxy-access-mywebsite.log proxylog;
  error_log /var/log/nginx/proxy-error-mywebsite.log error;


  # vhost for static files
  location ~ ^/(static|public)/.* {
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Server $host;
    proxy_pass http://apache$uri;
  }

  location / {
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Server $host;
    proxy_pass http://mywebsite/;
  }
}

在我的 Apache 中，我有那些重写规则：

RewriteEngine On

# Remove all /
RewriteRule ^/static/CACHE/(.*) static/CACHE/$1
RewriteRule ^/static/(.*) static/production/$1
RewriteRule ^/public/(.*) uploads/$1

# If file, stop
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f
RewriteRule . - [QSA,L]

# Let's try with full path, if file then rewrite + stop:
RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$1 -f
RewriteRule (.*) %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/$1 [QSA,L]

RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/production/$1 -f
RewriteRule (.*) %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}/production/$1 [QSA,L]

但我只是意识到传递给 Apache 是愚蠢的：nginx 可以充当静态文件的缓存！

我想为 nginx 服务器重写这些规则，但到目前为止没有任何效果。我认为我的大问题是测试它是否是具有完整路径的文件，如果是，则充当缓存服务器并立即将其发送回来。

你会如何将这 8 行 apache 规则重写为 Nginx 规则？

【问题讨论】：

标签： python apache nginx url-rewriting

【解决方案1】：

您是否尝试过以下规则？

# nginx configuration
location /static {
rewrite ^/static/CACHE/(.*) /static/CACHE/$1;
rewrite ^/static/(.*) /static/production/$1;
}
location /public {
rewrite ^/public/(.*) /uploads/$1;
}
location / {
rewrite ^(.*)$ /$document_root/$1 break;
rewrite ^(.*)$ /$document_root/production/$1 break;
}

您必须尝试不同的组合，因为 nginx 规则可能很棘手，而且如果不实际测试规则，很难转换它们并实际使用第一次尝试。

设置日志路径/文件

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;

INSIDE OF HTTP SCOPE ADD ->

http {
rewrite_log on;

【讨论】：

有没有办法像 apache 一样重写日志跟踪？

【解决方案2】：

这是我的工作配置

upstream mywebsite {
    ip_hash;
    server 127.0.0.1:8006;
}

server {
    listen *:80;
    server_name mywebsite.com www.mywebsite.com;

    index index.html index.htm;

    access_log /var/log/nginx/proxy-access-mywebsite.log proxylog;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/proxy-error-mywebsite.log error;

    # ~ = regular expression
    # ~* = regular expression case *insensitive*
    location ~* ^/static/(?<p>.+) {
        root /web/htdocs/mywebsite/htdocs/static;
        try_files /$p /production/$p =403;
        access_log off;
        expires 1h;
    }
    location ~* ^/public/(?<p>.+) {
        root /web/htdocs/mywebsite/htdocs/uploads;
        try_files /$p =403;
        access_log off;
        expires 1h;
    }
    location / {
        expires -1;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Server $host;
        proxy_pass http://mywebsite/;
    }

}

【讨论】：