使用 Djoser Django Rest 对用户进行序列化和反序列化答案

【问题标题】：Serializing and Deserialzing User using Djoser Django Rest使用 Djoser Django Rest 对用户进行序列化和反序列化
【发布时间】：2020-09-27 20:09:18
【问题描述】：

我对 django 很陌生，我正在使用 djoser 创建用户。我有自定义用户模型和自定义用户序列化器。我的自定义用户正在关注。

class User(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
    """
    A fully featured User model with admin-compliant permissions that uses
    a full-length email field as the username.

    Email and password are required. Other fields are optional.
    """
    email = models.EmailField(_('email address'), max_length=254, unique=True)
    first_name = models.CharField(_('first name'), max_length=30, blank=True)
    middle_name = models.CharField(_('middle name'), max_length=30, blank=True)
    last_name = models.CharField(_('last name'), max_length=30, blank=True)
    is_staff = models.BooleanField(_('staff status'), default=False,
                                   help_text=_('Designates whether the user can log into this admin '
                                               'site.'))
    is_active = models.BooleanField(_('active'), default=True,
                                    help_text=_('Designates whether this user should be treated as '
                                                'active. Unselect this instead of deleting accounts.'))
    extra_field = models.BooleanField(_('changethis'), default=False,
                                      help_text=_('Describes whether the user is changethis '
                                                  'site.'))
    date_joined = models.DateTimeField(_('date joined'), default=timezone.now)

    username = models.CharField(_('username'), max_length=30, blank=True)

    roles = models.ManyToManyField(Role, related_name='role_user')

    objects = CustomUserManager()

以下是我的 CustomUserManager()

class CustomUserManager(BaseUserManager):
    def _create_user(self, email, password,
                     is_staff, is_superuser, **extra_fields):
        now = timezone.now()
        if not email:
            raise ValueError('The given email must be set')
        email = self.normalize_email(email)
        user = self.model(email=email,
                          is_staff=is_staff, is_active=True,
                          is_superuser=is_superuser, last_login=now,
                          date_joined=now, **extra_fields)
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user

    def create_user(self, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
        return self._create_user(email, password, False, False,
                                 **extra_fields)

    def create_superuser(self, email, password, **extra_fields):
        return self._create_user(email, password, True, True,
                                 **extra_fields)

以下是我的序列化程序代码。

class RegisterSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    email = serializers.EmailField(required=allauth_settings.EMAIL_REQUIRED)
    first_name = serializers.CharField(required=True)
    middle_name = serializers.CharField(required=False)
    last_name = serializers.CharField(required=True)
    password = serializers.CharField(required=True, write_only=True)
    roles = serializers.ListSerializer(child=serializers.IntegerField())

    # def create(self, validated_data):
    def create(self, validated_data):
        roles_ids = validated_data.pop('roles')
        roles = Role.objects.filter(id__in=roles_ids)
        user = User.objects.create_user(**validated_data)
        user.roles.set(roles)
        return user

由于已经创建了角色对象，所以我只需从请求中获取角色 ID 列表，然后过滤这些角色对象并为各自的用户设置它们。现在用户创建得很好，但是当 djoser 尝试使用相同的序列化程序返回响应时，它会引发以下异常。

TypeError: int() 参数必须是字符串、类似字节的对象或数字，而不是“角色”

因为角色应该是整数列表而不是角色对象列表。我该如何解决？

【问题讨论】：

标签： django django-rest-framework djoser

【解决方案1】：

改变这个

roles = serializers.ListSerializer(child=serializers.IntegerField())

到

roles = serializers.ListField(child=serializers.IntegerField())

或者，

如果您想列出所有角色，请为 roles 创建一个新的序列化程序并将其添加到子项中，例如：

roles = serializers.ListSerializer(child=RolesSerializer())

【讨论】：