Rails - 验证复杂的嵌套表单

Question

我有一个包含四个输入字段的表单，用户在其中创建一个item。在表单中，四个输入字段之一是用于在表单提交时同时创建user_item 的图片。我遇到了几个问题。

1. 当item 上的验证失败时，我有控制器render :new，但是当这种情况发生时，图片输入字段不可见。

2. 验证图片是否存在无效。

3. 我需要一种方法在创建时将user_item 上的user_id 属性设置为current_user。

item.rb

  validates :name, presence: true, uniqueness: true
  validates :description, presence: true
  has_many :tags
  has_many :user_items
  has_many :users, -> { uniq }, through: :user_items
  belongs_to :user

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :user_items
  validates_associated :user_items

user_item.rb

  belongs_to :user
  belongs_to :item
  mount_uploader :picture, PictureUploader
  validates_presence_of :picture
  validate :picture_size

items_controller.rb

  def new
    @item = Item.new
    @item.user_items.build
  end

  def create
    @item = item.new item_params

    if @item.save
      redirect_to items_path, notice: "Thank you for your item request!"
    else
      render :new
    end
  end

  private

    def item_params
      params.require(:item).permit(:name, :description, :tag_list, user_items_attributes: [:picture]).merge(created_by: current_user.id)
    end

new.html.erb

<%= simple_form_for @item, html: { class: "create-item-form" } do |item_builder| %>
  <div class="well">
  <%= item_builder.input :name, required: false, error: false, label: "Item name" %>
  <%= item_builder.input :description, as: :text, required: false, error: false, label: "Description of item" %>
  <%= item_builder.input :tag_list, required: false, label: "Tags (these will help users find your item)" %>
  <%= item_builder.simple_fields_for :user_items do |user_item_builder| %>
    <%= user_item_builder.input :picture, as: :file, required: false, label: "Picture of you with this item" %>
  <% end %>
  </div>
  <div class="clearfix">
    <%= item_builder.submit 'Submit new item request', class: "btn btn-primary pull-right inherit-width" %>
  </div>
<% end %>

Answer 1

我需要一种方法来设置user_id

将user_id 添加到user_item 的最简单方法是在fields_for 中包含hidden_field。不是最安全的，但应该可以工作：

#app/views/items/new.html.erb
...
<%= item_builder.simple_fields_for :user_items do |user_item_builder| %>
    <%= user_item_builder.input :picture, as: :file, required: false, label: "Picture of you with this item" %>
    <%= user_item_builder.input :user_id, as: :hidden, input_html: { value: current_user.id } %>
<% end %>

#app/controllers/items_controller.rb
...
def item_params
   params.require(:item).permit(:name, :description, :tag_list, user_items_attributes: [:picture, :user_id]).merge(created_by: current_user.id)
end

---

图片输入框不可见

根据这个答案：Nested Input Disappears When Form Reloads，你需要重建你的picture对象：

def create
   if @item.save
     ...
   else
     @item.user_items.build
     render :new
   end
end

file_field 输入特别有趣。因为您的操作系统无法保证您的文件与原来完全相同，所以不会填充 file_field。

---

验证图片是否存在无效。

您应该使用inverse_of 来确保两个对象可以相互通信：

#app/models/user.rb
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :user_items, inverse_of: :user
end

#app/models/user_item.rb
class UserItem < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :user, inverse_of: :user_items
  validates :picture, presence: true
end

---

更新

如果你想通过后端传递user_id，没有隐藏字段，你可以这样做：

#app/controllers/items_controller.rb
class ItemsController < ApplicationController
  def new
    @user = current_user
    @user.user_items.build.build_item
  end

  def create
    @user = current_user.update user_params
  end 

  private

  def user_params
     params.require(:user).permit(user_items_attributes: [:picture, item_attributes: [:name, :description, :tag_list])
  end
end

这必须伴随对您的items#new 视图的以下更改：

<%= simple_form_for @user, url: items_path, html: { class: "create-item-form" } do |f| %>
  <%= f.fields_for :user_items do |user_item_builder|
    <%= user_item_builder.input :picture, as: :file, required: false, label: "Picture of you with this item" %>
    <%= user_item_builder.fields_for :item do |item_builder| %>
        <%= item_builder.input :name, required: false, error: false, label: "Item name" %>
        <%= item_builder.input :description, as: :text, required: false, error: false, label: "Description of item" %>
        <%= item_builder.input :tag_list, required: false, label: "Tags (these will help users find your item)" %>
    <% end %>
  <% end %>
  <%= f.submit 'Submit new item request', class: "btn btn-primary pull-right inherit-width" %>
<% end %>

您还需要通过相应的模型传递属性：

#app/models/user.rb
class User < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :user_items
  has_many :items, through: :user_items

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :user_items
end

#app/models/user_item.rb
class UserItem < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :user
  belongs_to :item

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :item
end