猜数字游戏python

Question

所以我正在开发一个猜数字游戏，其中一个要求是更新数字的“范围”，以便用户更轻松地进行猜数字。当数字太高或太低时，我创建了一个新输入。但是，我对循环不是很好，我无法弄清楚为什么我的循环只重复一次而没有一遍又一遍地粘贴代码。谁能帮忙，这样 elif 语句会重复，直到数字正确？

这是我迄今为止的代码...

import random
random_number = random.randint(1,100)
tries = 0
while tries < 800:
  guess = input("Guess a random number between 1 and 100.")       
  tries += 1
  try:
    guess_num = int(guess)
  except:
    print("That's not a whole number!")
    break

  if not guess_num > 0 or not guess_num < 101:
    print("That number is not between 1 and 100.")
    break

  elif guess_num == random_number:
    print("Congratulations! You are correct!")
    print("It took you {} tries.".format(tries))
    break

  elif guess_num > random_number:
      print("Sorry that number is too high.")
      guess_high = input("Guess a number between 0 and {} .".format(guess_num))

  elif guess_num < random_number:
      print("Sorry that number is too low.")
      guess_low = input("Guess a number between {} and 100 .".format(guess_num))

  else:
      print("Sorry, but my number was {}".format(random_number))
      print("You are out of tries. Better luck next time.")

Answer 1

import random
random_number = random.randint(1,100)
tries = 0
guess = input("Guess a random number between 1 and 100.")       
while tries < 800:
  tries += 1
  try:
    guess_num = int(guess)
  except:
    print("That's not a whole number!")
    break

  if not guess_num > 0 or not guess_num < 101:
    print("That number is not between 1 and 100.")
    break

  elif guess_num == random_number:
    print("Congratulations! You are correct!")
    print("It took you {} tries.".format(tries))
    break

  elif guess_num > random_number:
      print("Sorry that number is too high.")
      guess = input("Guess a number between 0 and {} .".format(guess_num))

  elif guess_num < random_number:
      print("Sorry that number is too low.")
      guess = input("Guess a number between {} and 100 .".format(guess_num))

else:
  print("Sorry, but my number was {}".format(random_number))
  print("You are out of tries. Better luck next time.")

Answer 2

对于哪种情况，您的循环只重复一次？

如果输入的猜测值小​​于 0 或大于 100，则循环将中断（因为您在第 15 行的“if not guess_num > 0 or not guess_num

如果用户在 1 到 100 之间输入了一个错误的猜测值，那么代码会循环，因此会要求用户输入另一个数字。

虽然它确实循环，但循环并没有更新范围。 您可以做的是将 range_min 和 range_max 设置为变量，并根据猜测太低或太高来更改这些变量。 见以下代码：

import random
random_number = random.randint(1,100)
tries = 0
range_min = 0
range_max = 100
while tries < 800:
  guess = input("Guess a random number between " + str(range_min +1) + " and " +  str(range_max))       
  tries += 1
  try:
    guess_num = int(guess)
  except:
    print("That's not a whole number!")
    break

  if not guess_num > range_min or not guess_num < (range_max+1):
    print("That number is not between str(range_min +1) + " and " +      str(range_max)")
    break

  elif guess_num == random_number:
    print("Congratulations! You are correct!")
    print("It took you {} tries.".format(tries))
    break

  elif guess_num > random_number:
      print("Sorry that number is too high.")
      guess_high = input("Guess a number between 0 and {} .".format(guess_num))
range_max = guess_num

  elif guess_num < random_number:
      print("Sorry that number is too low.")
      guess_low = input("Guess a number between {} and 100 .".format(guess_num))
range_min = guess_num

  else:
      print("Sorry, but my number was {}".format(random_number))
          print("You are out of tries. Better luck next time.") 

Answer 3

1. 不要使用 break，因为它们会终止 while 循环。请参阅 python 语言参考。

2. 您应该只询问一次guess_num。当猜测值过高或过低时删除两个input（BTW 变量名guess 不正确）。

3. 最后一个条件（尝试次数不足）应该在while 循环之外，因为它会在尝试次数超过 800 时执行。

4. 提示。用户可以使用相当于二分搜索的方式玩这个游戏（从 50 开始，然后根据更高/更低等猜测 25 或 75）。您应该允许大约 8 次尝试（而不是 800 次）。

Answer 4

以下是更新范围的方法：

import random
random_number = random.randint(1,100)
tries = 0
low = 0
high = 100
while tries < 800:
  if(tries == 0):
    guess = input("Guess a random number between {} and {}.".format(low, high))       
  tries += 1
  try:
    guess_num = int(guess)
  except:
    print("That's not a whole number!")
    break    

  if guess_num < low or guess_num > high:
    print("That number is not between {} and {}.".format(low, high))
    break    

  elif guess_num == random_number:
    print("Congratulations! You are correct!")
    print("It took you {} tries.".format(tries))
    break    

  elif guess_num > random_number:
      print("Sorry that number is too high.")
      high = guess_num
      guess = input("Guess a number between {} and {} .".format(low, high))    

  elif guess_num < random_number:
      print("Sorry that number is too low.")
      low = guess_num
      guess = input("Guess a number between {} and {} .".format(low, high))    

  else:
      print("Sorry, but my number was {}".format(random_number))
      print("You are out of tries. Better luck next time.")

Answer 5

我会这样做。不确定它是否有效，但方法是：

import random

random_number = random.randint(1,100)
max_tries = 100 
tries = 0
left = 0
right = 100
found = False


def get_number():
    try:
        guess = int(input("Guss a random number between {} and {}".format(left, right)))            
        if guess > right or guess < left:
            print("That number is not between {} and {}".format(left, right))
        return guess
    except:
        print("That's not a whole number!")
        get_number()

def update_range(guess):
    if guess >= left:
        left = guess
    else:
        right = guess        

while tries <= max_tries and not found:
    guess = get_number()
    tries=+1
    if guess == random_number:
        print("Congratulations! You are correct!")
        print("It took you {} tries.".format(tries))
        found = True
    else:
        update_range(guess)

  if not found:
      print("Sorry, but my number was {}".format(random_number))
      print("You are out of tries. Better luck next time.")

如您所见，我使用 辅助函数 来减少 if/else 结构的数量。

还需要更新范围。感谢参数化字符串，我可以告诉用户范围是多少。

我还设置了一个标志以了解用户在游戏结束时是否找到了号码