【发布时间】:2021-03-23 04:36:04
【问题描述】:
我在我的 C 赋值程序中遇到了一些问题:
-
在选项 #4 中,成绩仅按降序排序,而在选项 #5 中,成绩不会改变,只是交换学生的姓名和分数。
-
在选项 #8,从文件输入的字符串和浮点数不会显示,我希望选项 8 灵活(通过选项 #7 输入文件时从文件显示或仅显示来自 #1 的输入菜单选项)。这是文件的示例:
80.64 John 90.40 Jane 78.00 Jake
代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
struct Studata{
float min, max;
int many;
char *max1, *min1, gx, gn;
}studata;
struct Student{
char name[100], grade;
float score[100];
};
float average(struct Student student[100]){
float sum;
for(int i=0; i<student.many; i++){
sum += studata[i].score;
}
return sum/(float)student.many;
}
void MM(struct Student student[100]){
int i;
studata.min = 0;
studata.max = 100;
for (i=0; i<studata.many; i++){
if(*student[i].score > studata.min){
studata.min = student[i].score;
studata.min1 = student[i].name;
studata.gn = student[i].grade;
}
}
for (i=0; i<studata.many; i++){
if(student[i].score < studata.min){
studata.max = student[i].score;
studata.max1 = student[i].name;
studata.gx = student[i].grade;
}
}
}
void swapname(char *a, char *b){
char z[100];
strcpy(z, a);
strcpy(a, b);
strcpy(b, z);
}
void swapscore(float a, float b){
float temporary = a;
a = b;
b = temporary;
}
void swapgrade(char A1, char B1) {
char C1 = A1;
A1 = B1;
B1 = C1;
}
void Bubblesort(int mode, struct Student student[100]) {
int i, j;
if(mode == 1) {
for (i=0; i<studata.many; i++) {
for (j=i+1; j<studata.many; j++) {
if(student[j].score > student[i].score) {
swapname(student[i].name, student[j].name);
swapscore(student[i].score, student[j].score);
swapgrade(student[i].grade, student[j].grade);
}
}
}
}
else if(mode == 0) {
for(i=0; i<studata.many; i++) {
for(j=i+1; j<studata.many; j++) {
if(student[j].score < student[i].score) {
swapname(student[i].name, student[j].name);
swapscore(student[i].score, student[j].score);
swapgrade(student[i].grade, student[j].grade);
}
}
}
}
}
int main(){
struct Student student[100];
int selection=1;
FILE *file;
while (selection <= 8 && selection >= 1) {
printf("\n\n\t-------MENU-------\n\n");
printf("0. Enter Data of Students\n");
printf("1. Calculate the Average\n");
printf("2. Show Maximum and Minimum\n");
printf("3. Sort Score Ascending\n");
printf("4. Sort Score Descending\n");
printf("5. Save Scores\n");
printf("6. Load Scores from File\n");
printf("7. Load All Data\n");
printf("Choice (Other than 1-8 to Exit): ");
scanf("%d", &selection);
if(selection == 1) {
printf("=============================\n");
printf("\nHow many students would you like to input: ");
scanf(" %d", &studata.many);
for (int i=0; i<studata.many; i++) {
printf("\nStudent-%d Name\t: ", i+1);
scanf(" %[^\n]s", student[i].name);
printf("Student-%d Score\t: ", i+1);
scanf(" %f", &student[i].score);
while(student[i].score > 100 || student[i].score < 0) {
printf("Hey, wrong input, please input correctly, okay?");
printf("\nStudent-%d Score\t: ", i+1);
scanf(" %f",&student[i].score);
}
if (student[i].score <= 100 && student[i].score >= 90 ) {
student[i].grade= 'A';
}
else if (student[i].score < 90 && student[i].score >= 80) {
student[i].grade= 'B';
}
else if (student[i].score < 80 && student[i].score >=70) {
student[i].grade= 'C';
}
else if (student[i].score < 70 && student[i].score >=60) {
student[i].grade= 'D';
}
else if (student[i].score < 60 && student[i].score >=50) {
student[i].grade= 'E';
}
else {
student[i].grade = 'F';
}
}
}
else if(selection == 2) {
printf("=============================\n");
printf("Average of Score is %.2f", average(student));
}
else if(selection == 3) {
MM(student);
printf("=============================\n");
printf("Minimum\t: %s || %4.2f || %c\n", studata.max1, studata.max, studata.gx);
printf("Maximum\t: %s || %4.2f || %c\n", studata.min1, studata.min, studata.gn);
}
else if(selection == 4) {
printf("=============================\n");
Bubblesort(0,student);
for(int i=0; i<studata.many; i++) {
printf(" %s : %5.2f --> %c\n", student[i].name, student[i].score, student[i].grade);
}
}
else if(selection == 5) {
printf("=============================\n");
Bubblesort(1,student);
for(int i=0; i<studata.many; i++) {
printf(" %s : %5.2f --> %c\n", student[i].name, student[i].score, student[i].grade);
}
}
else if(selection == 6) {
char filename[100];
printf("=============================\n");
printf("Name of the file (with ext.): ");
scanf(" %[^\n]s", filename);
file = fopen(filename, "w");
for(int i=0; i<studata.many; i++) {
fprintf(file,"%.2f %s\n", student[i].score, student[i].name);
}
fclose(file);
}
else if(selection == 7) {
char filename[100];
char sub_ch;
int i;
printf("Enter name of file you want to open (with extension): ");
scanf(" %[^\n]s", filename);
file = fopen(filename, "r");
while (file == NULL) {
printf("I'm Error! Reinput? (Y/n): ");
scanf("%c", &sub_ch);
if(sub_ch == 'Y') {
printf("Enter name of file you want to open (with extension): ");
scanf(" %[^\n]s", filename);
}
file = fopen(filename, "r");
if(sub_ch == 'n') {
exit(1);
}
}
printf("=============================\n");
fscanf(file, "%f %s", &student[i].score, student[i].name);
while (!feof(file)) {
if (student[i].score <= 100 && student[i].score >= 90 ) {
student[i].grade= 'A';
}
else if (student[i].score < 90 && student[i].score >= 80) {
student[i].grade= 'B';
}
else if (student[i].score < 80 && student[i].score >=70) {
student[i].grade= 'C';
}
else if (student[i].score < 70 && student[i].score >=60) {
student[i].grade= 'D';
}
else if (student[i].score < 60 && student[i].score >=50) {
student[i].grade= 'E';
}
else {
student[i].grade= 'F';
}
printf("%s %8.2f --> %c\n", student[i].name, student[i].score, student[i].grade);
fscanf(file, "%f %s", &student[i].score, student[i].name);
}
fclose(file);
}
else if(selection == 8) {
printf("=============================\n");
for (int i=0; i<studata.many; i++) {
printf("Name || Score || Grade\t: %s || %3.2f || %c\n", student[i].name, student[i].score, student[i].grade);
}
}
}
return 0;
}
在我尝试为每个可能的变量提供指针后,我不知道该怎么做。
【问题讨论】:
-
为什么
score是一个数组(例如float score[100];)而不是一个标量(例如float score;)?正如您所拥有的,它被 视为 为标量,因为您这样做:*studata[i].score无处不在。那只看score[0]。 -
如果我没记错,你就是在比较错误。它必须是 studata[j].score[index]
-
数组指针的基指针。作为@CraigEstey,你为什么使用数组而不是浮点数。
-
您将
name放入Studata[这是学生的姓名]。为什么不改用Student呢?这两个结构的含义是什么?例如,通常情况下,我会有一个描述学生的结构Student。Studata是关于学生在他们参加的各种课程中获得的成绩和考试成绩。所以,我会澄清你想如何组织数据。 -
对不起,我没有提前计划结构的名称。不过,我现在已经更改了它,并且我已经删除了所有指针。谢谢@CraigEstey 剩下的所有问题都是降序升序交换,他们只改变了第二行和第三行。加载文件也会导致分段错误