R包长时间安装 - 源或二进制类型答案

【问题标题】：R package long time to install - Source or Binary typeR包长时间安装 - 源或二进制类型
【发布时间】：2021-01-13 16:20:29
【问题描述】：
我正在尝试使用以下命令安装一个名为 stringi 的软件包
install.packages("stringi")
虽然它没有抛出任何错误信息但安装还没有结束。
我在控制台屏幕上看到很多消息，这些消息持续运行超过 45 分钟
> install.packages("stringi")
Installing package into ‘C:/Users/Aks/Documents/R/win-library/3.6’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)

  There is a binary version available but the source version is later:
        binary source needs_compilation
stringi  1.4.6  1.5.3              TRUE

installing the source package ‘stringi’

trying URL 'http://mirror.las.iastate.edu/CRAN/src/contrib/stringi_1.5.3.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 7293930 bytes (7.0 MB)
downloaded 7.0 MB

* installing *source* package 'stringi' ...
** package 'stringi' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
** libs

*** arch - i386
C:/Rtools/mingw_32/bin/g++  -std=gnu++11 -I"C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-36~1.2/include" -DNDEBUG -I. -Iicu61/ -Iicu61/unicode -Iicu61/common -Iicu61/i18n -DU_STATIC_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_COMMON_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_I18N_IMPLEMENTATION -DUCONFIG_USE_LOCAL -DU_TOOLUTIL_IMPLEMENTATION -DNDEBUG -DWINVER=0x0600 -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0600 -DU_USE_STRTOD_L=0         -O2 -Wall  -mtune=generic -c stri_pad.cpp -o stri_pad.o
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C:/Rtools/mingw_32/bin/g++  -std=gnu++11 -I"C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-36~1.2/include" -DNDEBUG -I. -Iicu61/ -Iicu61/unicode -Iicu61/common -Iicu61/i18n -DU_STATIC_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_COMMON_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_I18N_IMPLEMENTATION -DUCONFIG_USE_LOCAL -DU_TOOLUTIL_IMPLEMENTATION -DNDEBUG -DWINVER=0x0600 -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0600 -DU_USE_STRTOD_L=0         -O2 -Wall  -mtune=generic -c stri_encoding_conversion.cpp -o stri_encoding_conversion.o
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C:/Rtools/mingw_32/bin/g++  -std=gnu++11 -I"C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-36~1.2/include" -DNDEBUG -I. -Iicu61/ -Iicu61/unicode -Iicu61/common -Iicu61/i18n -DU_STATIC_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_COMMON_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_I18N_IMPLEMENTATION -DUCONFIG_USE_LOCAL -DU_TOOLUTIL_IMPLEMENTATION -DNDEBUG -DWINVER=0x0600 -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0600 -DU_USE_STRTOD_L=0         -O2 -Wall  -mtune=generic -c stri_search_class_subset.cpp -o stri_search_class_subset.o
C:/Rtools/mingw_32/bin/g++  -std=gnu++11 -I"C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-36~1.2/include" -DNDEBUG -I. -Iicu61/ -Iicu61/unicode -Iicu61/common -Iicu61/i18n -DU_STATIC_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_COMMON_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_I18N_IMPLEMENTATION -DUCONFIG_USE_LOCAL -DU_TOOLUTIL_IMPLEMENTATION -DNDEBUG -DWINVER=0x0600 -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0600 -DU_USE_STRTOD_L=0         -O2 -Wall  -mtune=generic -c stri_container_utf8_indexable.cpp -o stri_container_utf8_indexable.o
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C:/Rtools/mingw_32/bin/g++  -std=gnu++11 -I"C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-36~1.2/include" -DNDEBUG -I. -Iicu61/ -Iicu61/unicode -Iicu61/common -Iicu61/i18n -DU_STATIC_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_COMMON_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_I18N_IMPLEMENTATION -DUCONFIG_USE_LOCAL -DU_TOOLUTIL_IMPLEMENTATION -DNDEBUG -DWINVER=0x0600 -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0600 -DU_USE_STRTOD_L=0         -O2 -Wall  -mtune=generic -c stri_search_class_split.cpp -o stri_search_class_split.o
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C:/Rtools/mingw_32/bin/g++  -std=gnu++11 -I"C:/PROGRA~1/R/R-36~1.2/include" -DNDEBUG -I. -Iicu61/ -Iicu61/unicode -Iicu61/common -Iicu61/i18n -DU_STATIC_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_COMMON_IMPLEMENTATION -DU_I18N_IMPLEMENTATION -DUCONFIG_USE_LOCAL -DU_TOOLUTIL_IMPLEMENTATION -DNDEBUG -DWINVER=0x0600 -D_WIN32_WINNT=0x0600 -DU_USE_STRTOD_L=0         -O2 -Wall  -mtune=generic -c stri_TODO_splitpos.cpp -o stri_TODO_splitpos.o
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【问题讨论】：
如果您选择安装二进制版本，它会更快完成。请参阅?install.packages 获取type=，我从您上面的输出中猜测您的getOption("pkgType") 是"source"，因此您在安装时编译所有内容。如果你改变它（或者只调用一次install.packages(..., type="binary")，你会得到它更快。或者，你可以从cran.r-project.org/web/packages/stringi/index.html和install.packages("path/to/stringi_1.5.3.zip")下载zip文件并获得相同的效果。
哇。你真棒。有效。你能写一个答案吗？我可以接受
顺便说一句，我的 getOption("pkgType") 返回 both 作为输出
标签： r installation stringr r-package stringi
【解决方案1】：
源代码安装是最新的，其中二进制包可能会滞后“一段时间”。这反映在您的输出中，您的 R-3.6 将 1.4.6 视为最新的，但 1.5.3 源可用。
一些解决方法：
install.packages("stringi", type="binary") 应该找到最接近的版本并安装它而不需要编译它。
从stringi 页面的CRAN 页面下载.zip 文件之一（因为您在Windows 上），然后使用install.packages("path/to/stringi_1.5.3.zip")。但是，它们只有 R-4.0 的二进制版本，而不是 R-3.6（“r-oldrel”）的二进制版本，所以......它可能会抱怨，或者它可能会在你最常安装和失败时出现将来需要该包裹（并且在没有互联网连接的情况下在飞机上）。
根据 RStudio 上的blog post，您可以使用他们的公共 CRAN-like 镜像安装二进制包：linux（CRAN 上不可用）和 R 的旧版本（也不能在 CRAN 上可用）。
在你的情况下，既然你说你的getOption("pkgType") 是"both"，这意味着'如果可用且当前使用二进制，否则尝试源'（来自?install.packages），它匹配我首先提到的 1.4.6-vs-1.5.3 问题。
【讨论】：