【发布时间】:2017-12-10 21:49:23
【问题描述】:
我通读了以前的解决方案,但无法使它们中的任何一个起作用。我想为各个子图创建一个全球图例。 此子图的 ax 对象由预定义类中的预定义函数“get_plot”生成 “The_predefined_plotting_class”大致是这样的:
该函数返回一个 ax 对象,每个 ax 对象都有多个“绘图”/来自原始“数据文件”的多个列。
在我在这个网站上找到的一个解决方案中,我读到我可以使用:
创造一个全球性的传奇。不幸的是,我不知道如何将单个 ax 对象(或其中的数据)附加到句柄以使其工作。 每个图都包含一些相同的列名和一些不同的列名。如果一个条目/名称存在于许多子图中,它应该只打印一次。
编辑
很抱歉我不得不使用图片,但无论我在网页上做什么,即使它在预览窗口中正确显示(截图来自这个窗口),我也没有让我发布我的代码
EDIT2
如果我这样做:
lines=[]
labels=[]
for idata, datafile in enumerate(datafiles):
MYData = The_predefined_plotting_class.from_file(datafile)
axis[idata] = The_predefined_plotting_class.get_plot( *kwargs)
h, l = axis[idata].get_legend_handles_labels()
lines.append(h)
labels.append(l)
LINES=[]
LABELS=[]
for i in range(0, nrows):
LINES+=lines[i]
LABELS+=labels[i]
plt.legend( LINES, LABELS, loc="upper left", bbox_to_anchor=[0, 1],ncol=3, shadow=True, title="Legend", fancybox=True)
plt.show()
然后它显示所有 Data 。一些数据具有相同的行和标签处理程序。我现在剩下的问题是遍历两个列表并只删除一个条目,如果在两个列表中 tuple (LINES[j];LABELS[j]) = (LINES[i] ;LABELS[i]) 存在两次(并且仅在那时)。最好是第一个条目:
EDIT3
labels =[]
lines = []
h=["Cat","Mouse","Dog","Cat","Cat","Kangaroo","Dog"]
l=["black","white","brown","white","black","yellow","brown"]
for handle, label in zip(h, l):
if label not in labels :
lines.append(handle)
labels.append(label)
print "The disired Output is :"
print '["Cat","Mouse","Dog","Cat","Kangaroo"]'
print '["black","white","brown","white","yellow"]'
print "currently you get:"
print lines
print labels
EDIT4
我添加了一个“最小”工作示例,其中应包含我的真实数据中发生的所有可能情况。
lines=[]
labels=[]
legend_properties = {'weight':'bold','size':10}
# Example data
x1 = np.linspace(0.0, 5.0)
x2 = np.linspace(0.0, 2.0)
a = np.cos(2 * np.pi * x1) * np.exp(-x1)
b = np.cos(2 * np.pi * x2)
c = np.cos(5 * np.pi * x1) * np.exp(-x1)
c2 = np.cos(5 * np.pi * x1**2) * np.exp(-x1)
d = np.cos(2 * np.pi * x2 )
d2 = np.cos(2 * np.pi * x2-1 )
e = x1*5
e2 = -x1*5
f = np.exp(x1)-e
f2 = (np.exp(x1)-e)/2
nrows = 4
# Plot
fig, axis = plt.subplots(nrows, sharex=True, sharey=False, figsize=(5, 8))
fig.subplots_adjust(hspace=0.0001)
fig.suptitle("Stacked Plots with global Legend wich contains to little elements",fontsize=14,weight='bold')
axis[0].plot(x1, e, 'k--', label='Label1',color="green")
axis[0].plot(x1, e2, 'k--', label='Label2',color="blue")
axis[0].plot(x1, a, 'k--', label='Label3',color="yellow")
axis[1].plot(x1, c, 'k--', label='Label1',color="green")
axis[1].plot(x1, c2, 'k--', label='Label2',color="blue")
axis[1].plot(x1, a, 'k--', label='Label3',color="grey")
axis[2].plot(x2, d, '*', label='Label1',color="green")
axis[2].plot(x2, d2, 'D', label='Label2',color="green")
axis[3].plot(x1, f, 'H', label='Label1',color="green")
axis[3].plot(x1, f2, 'D', label='Label2',color="green")
for i in range(nrows):
h, l = axis[i].get_legend_handles_labels()
for handle, label in zip(h, l):
if label not in labels:
lines.append(handle)
labels.append(label)
# only 3 Legend entrys Label1 , Label2 and Label3 are visible .. Differences in cloors and markers are ignored
plt.legend(handles=lines, labels=labels,bbox_to_anchor=(0., nrows+.02, 1., .102), loc=3,ncol=3, prop=legend_properties,mode="expand", borderaxespad=0.,frameon=False,framealpha=0.0)
plt.show()
EDIT5
这是生成实际绘图的脚本部分。 “列”仅包含要绘制的实际数据的名称。
# add plots
ic = 0
for col in columns:
if col == "envelope":
ax.plot(self.data.index, self.data.envelope,
linewidth=LINEWIDTH_envelope, c=last_color, label="")
elif col == "Exp":
ax.plot(self.data.index, self.data.Exp, c=first_color, linestyle="",
label="Exp", marker="o", markersize=MARKERSIZE )
else:
color = used_colors[ic % len(used_colors)]
if fill and "BG" in self.data.columns:
ax.fill_between(self.data.index, self.data.BG,
self.data[col], label=col, alpha=ALPHA,
color=color)
else:
ax.plot(self.data.index, self.data[col], linewidth=LINEWIDTH,
c=color, label=col)
ic += 1
EDIT6
我试图根据我在这里提出的想法找到解决方案:
不幸的是,适用于两个包含字符串的列表的方法似乎不适用于艺术家处理。
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
LI=[]
lines=[]
labels=[]
legend_properties = {'weight':'bold','size':10}
# Example data
x1 = np.linspace(0.0, 5.0)
x2 = np.linspace(0.0, 2.0)
a = np.cos(2 * np.pi * x1) * np.exp(-x1)
b = np.cos(2 * np.pi * x2)
c = np.cos(5 * np.pi * x1) * np.exp(-x1)
c2 = np.cos(5 * np.pi * x1**2) * np.exp(-x1)
d = np.cos(2 * np.pi * x2 )
d2 = np.cos(2 * np.pi * x2-1 )
e = x1*5
e2 = -x1*5
f = np.exp(x1)-e
f2 = (np.exp(x1)-e)/2
nrows = 4
# Plot
fig, axis = plt.subplots(nrows, sharex=True, sharey=False, figsize=(5, 8))
fig.subplots_adjust(hspace=0.0001)
#fig.suptitle("Stacked Plots with global Legend wich contains to little elements",fontsize=14,weight='bold')
axis[0].plot(x1, e, 'k--', label='Label1',color="green")
axis[0].plot(x1, e2, 'k--', label='Label2',color="blue")
axis[0].plot(x1, a, 'k--', label='Label3',color="yellow")
axis[1].plot(x1, c, 'k--', label='Label1',color="green")
axis[1].plot(x1, c2, 'k--', label='Label2',color="blue")
axis[1].plot(x1, a, 'k--', label='Label3',color="grey")
axis[2].plot(x2, d, '*', label='Label1',color="green")
axis[2].plot(x2, d2, 'D', label='Label2',color="green")
axis[3].plot(x1, f, 'H', label='Label1',color="green")
axis[3].plot(x1, f2, 'D', label='Label2',color="green")
for i in range(nrows):
print i
h, l = axis[i].get_legend_handles_labels()
for hl in zip(h,l):
if hl not in LI:
LI.append(hl)
lines.append(LI[-1][0])
labels.append(LI[-1][1])
print LI
# only 3 Legend entrys Label1 , Label2 and Label3 are visible .. Differences in cloors and markers are ignored
plt.legend(handles=lines, labels=labels,bbox_to_anchor=(0., nrows+.02, 1., .102), loc=3,ncol=3, prop=legend_properties,mode="expand", borderaxespad=0.,frameon=False,framealpha=0.0)
plt.show()
我认为问题是只比较了内存地址的字符串
if hl not in LI:
不是“h”的实际内容?
解决方案基于 ImportanceOfBeingErnest 在相关帖子Link7 中给出的解释:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.mlab as mlab
import math
import matplotlib.collections
def is_inlist(handle, handles):
for h in handles:
if isinstance(handle, matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection) and isinstance(h, matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection):
if np.all(h.get_facecolor() == handle.get_facecolor()) and \
np.all(h.get_linestyle() == handle.get_linestyle()) and \
np.all(h.get_alpha() == handle.get_alpha()):
return True
if isinstance(handle, matplotlib.lines.Line2D) and isinstance(h, matplotlib.lines.Line2D):
if h.get_color() == handle.get_color() and \
h.get_linestyle() == handle.get_linestyle() and \
h.get_marker() == handle.get_marker():
return True
return False
lines=[]
labels=[]
legend_properties = {'weight':'bold','size':10}
# Example data
mu = 0
mu2 = 5
variance = 1
variance2 = 2
sigma = math.sqrt(variance)
sigma2 = math.sqrt(variance2)
x = np.linspace(mu-3*variance,mu+3*variance, 100)
x2 = np.linspace(mu2-3*variance2,mu2+3*variance2, 100)
nrows = 4
# Plot
fig, axis = plt.subplots(nrows, sharex=True, sharey=False, figsize=(5, 8))
fig.subplots_adjust(hspace=0.0001)
#fig.suptitle("Stacked Plots with global Legend wich contains to little elements",fontsize=14,weight='bold')
axis[0].fill_between(x+6,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='green',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK1", interpolate=True)
axis[0].fill_between(x+4,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='orange',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK2", interpolate=True)
axis[0].fill_between(x+3,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='blue',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK3", interpolate=True)
axis[0].fill_between(x+7,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='red',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK4", interpolate=True)
axis[0].plot(x2,2.5*mlab.normpdf(x2, mu2, sigma2),color='black',linestyle="",label="Exp", marker="o", markersize=4)
axis[1].fill_between(x+6,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='green',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK1", interpolate=True)
axis[1].fill_between(x+4,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='purple',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK2", interpolate=True)
axis[1].fill_between(x+3,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='blue',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK3", interpolate=True)
axis[1].fill_between(x+7,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='red',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK4", interpolate=True)
axis[1].fill_between(x+6.5,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='yellow',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK5", interpolate=True)
axis[1].plot(x2,2.5*mlab.normpdf(x2, mu2, sigma2),color='black',linestyle="",label="Exp", marker="o", markersize=4)
axis[2].fill_between(x+6,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='green',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK1", interpolate=True)
axis[2].fill_between(x+4,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='orange',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK2", interpolate=True)
axis[2].fill_between(x+3,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='#73d216',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK3", interpolate=True)
axis[2].fill_between(x+7,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='red',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK4", interpolate=True)
axis[2].plot(x2,2.5*mlab.normpdf(x2, mu2, sigma2),color='black',linestyle="",label="Exp", marker="o", markersize=4)
axis[3].fill_between(x+6,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='green',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK1", interpolate=True)
axis[3].fill_between(x+4,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='purple',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK2", interpolate=True)
axis[3].fill_between(x+3,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='blue',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK3", interpolate=True)
axis[3].fill_between(x+7,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='red',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK4", interpolate=True)
axis[3].fill_between(x+6.5,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='#73d216',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK5", interpolate=True)
axis[3].fill_between(x+5.5,0,mlab.normpdf(x, mu, sigma), color='violet',alpha=0.5,label="PEAK6", interpolate=True)
axis[3].plot(x2,2.5*mlab.normpdf(x2, mu2, sigma2),color='black',linestyle="",label="Exp", marker="o", markersize=4)
for i in range(nrows):
h, l = axis[i].get_legend_handles_labels()
for hi, li in zip(h,l):
if not is_inlist(hi, lines):
lines.append(hi)
labels.append(li)
# only 3 Legend entrys Label1 , Label2 and Label3 are visible .. Differences in cloors and markers are ignored
plt.legend(handles=lines, labels=labels,bbox_to_anchor=(0., nrows-1+.02, 1., .102), loc=3,ncol=3, prop=legend_properties,mode="expand", borderaxespad=0.,frameon=False,framealpha=0.0)
plt.show()
这里我的真实数据得到了更好的反映,因为我有 matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection) 和 matplotlib.lines.Line2D 对象需要比较。
【问题讨论】:
-
所链接问题中的解决方案都不适合您?我建议一个简单的
ax.legend(bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, 0), loc='lower center', borderaxespad=0.) -
您需要手动输入代码,不知何故您粘贴了代码的屏幕截图。
-
如果我按照你的建议去做,我会得到:AttributeError: 'numpy.ndarray' object has no attribute 'legend' !我在上面添加了一个问题。
标签: python list matplotlib legend