我想用 Java Swing 中的 JButtons 制作一个六边形表

Question

我想制作一个充满六边形 JButton 的表格，最好将其放置在背景图像上（例如文明游戏）。

有什么办法吗？我已经尝试并搜索了许多解决方案，但没有多大成功，任何帮助将不胜感激！

提前谢谢你！

Answer 1

我总是对从 JButton 之类的东西进行扩展有点谨慎，它本身就是一个非常复杂的 UI 组件，它有很多功能可以返回并让你厌烦。

我可能会考虑简单地从 JPanel 开始并创建所需的功能，但无论哪种情况，它都归结为基本相同的核心概念。

您需要能够确定最适合内容和边框的按钮大小，这可能需要一些调整才能正确，然后绘制所需的形状和内容，最后响应适当的事件。

以下是一个非常基本的示例，它基于Too much space between custom Hexagonal JButtons in Swing。请记住，组件仍然只是矩形，以“蜂窝”结构布置按钮是一个更复杂的问题，尤其是每个按钮可能具有不同的大小。这可能需要自定义布局管理器来实现。

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.geom.Path2D;
import javax.swing.Action;
import javax.swing.Icon;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Main();
    }

    public Main() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                JFrame frame = new JFrame();
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public class TestPane extends JPanel {

        public TestPane() {
            HexagonButton btn = new HexagonButton("Hello");
            setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
            add(btn);
        }

        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);
            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
            g2d.dispose();
        }

    }

    public class HexagonButton extends JButton {

        private HexagonPath hexagonPath;

        public HexagonButton(String text) {
            super(text);
            applyDefaults();
        }

        public HexagonButton(Icon icon) {
            super(icon);
            applyDefaults();
        }

        public HexagonButton(String text, Icon icon) {
            super(text, icon);
            applyDefaults();
        }

        public HexagonButton(Action action) {
            super(action);
            applyDefaults();
        }

        @Override
        public void invalidate() {
            hexagonPath = null;
            super.invalidate();
        }

        protected int getMaxDimension() {
            Dimension size = super.getPreferredSize();
            return Math.max(size.width, size.height);
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
            int maxDimension = getMaxDimension();
            return new Dimension(maxDimension, maxDimension);
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getMaximumSize() {
            return getPreferredSize();
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getMinimumSize() {
            return getPreferredSize();
        }

        protected void applyDefaults() {
            setBorderPainted(false);
            setFocusPainted(false);
        }

        protected HexagonPath getHexagonPath() {
            if (hexagonPath == null) {
                hexagonPath = new HexagonPath(getMaxDimension() - 1);
            }
            return hexagonPath;
        }

        @Override
        protected void paintBorder(Graphics g) {
            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
            HexagonPath path = getHexagonPath();
            g2d.setColor(getForeground());
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_PURE);
            g2d.draw(path);
            g2d.dispose();
        }

        @Override
        public Color getBackground() {
            if (getModel().isArmed()) {
                return Color.BLUE;
            }
            return super.getBackground();
        }

        @Override
        public Color getForeground() {
            if (getModel().isArmed()) {
                return Color.WHITE;
            }
            return super.getForeground();
        }

        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
            g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_PURE);
            g2d.setColor(getBackground());
            g2d.fill(getHexagonPath());
            super.paintComponent(g2d);
            g2d.dispose();
        }

        protected class HexagonPath extends Path2D.Double {

            public HexagonPath(double size) {
                double centerX = size / 2d;
                double centerY = size / 2d;
                for (double i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
                    double angleDegrees = (60d * i) - 30d;
                    double angleRad = ((float) Math.PI / 180.0f) * angleDegrees;

                    double x = centerX + ((size / 2f) * (double) Math.cos(angleRad));
                    double y = centerY + ((size / 2f) * (double) Math.sin(angleRad));

                    if (i == 0) {
                        moveTo(x, y);
                    } else {
                        lineTo(x, y);
                    }
                }
                closePath();
            }

        }
    }
}