【发布时间】：2022-12-10 22:21:21
【问题描述】：
我制作了一个 kivy 应用程序，我想将其转换为 .apk 文件以便能够在我的 android 手机中使用它。我知道互联网上有很多教程解释了如何在 Google Colab 中执行此操作。我使用了您可以在此处找到的文章中给出的说明：https://towardsdatascience.com/3-ways-to-convert-python-app-into-apk-77f4c9cd55af
我使用的kivy文件很简单，我做它只是为了尝试将它转换为.apk文件的方法：
import kivy
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.label import Label
class TestApp(App):
def build(self):
L = Label(text = "Hi !")
return L
if __name__ == '__main__':
TestApp().run()"
但是，我无法将此脚本转换为 .apk ...
当我执行“!buildozer init”命令时，在 Colab 的当前目录中创建了一个名为“Buildozer.spec”的脚本，我在其中上传了我的 kivy 脚本。我只修改了我的应用程序的标题并指定了我想使用的 kivy 版本，即这些行：
[app]
# (str) Title of your application
title = My App1
# (str) Package name
package.name = MyApp1
# (list) Application requirements
# comma separated e.g. requirements = sqlite3,kivy
requirements = python3,kivy==1.9.1
然后我执行“！buildozer -v android debug”，等待几分钟后，我收到以下错误：
Exception in thread background thread for pid 38813:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/threading.py", line 926, in _bootstrap_inner
self.run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/threading.py", line 870, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/sh.py", line 1683, in wrap
fn(*rgs, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/sh.py", line 2662, in background_thread
handle_exit_code(exit_code)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/sh.py", line 2349, in fn
return self.command.handle_command_exit_code(exit_code)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/sh.py", line 905, in handle_command_exit_code
raise exc
sh.ErrorReturnCode_1:
RAN: /usr/bin/python3 '-cimport sys; from Cython.Compiler.Main import setuptools_main; sys.exit(setuptools_main());' ./kivy/graphics/opengl.pyx
STDOUT:
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/Cython/Compiler/Main.py:369: FutureWarning: Cython directive 'language_level' not set, using 2 for now (Py2). This will change in a later release! File: /content/.buildozer/android/platform/build-arm64-v8a_armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/kivy/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/kivy/kivy/graphics/opengl.pyx
tree = Parsing.p_module(s, pxd, full_module_name)
Error compiling Cython file:
------------------------------------------------------------
...
def glCheckFramebufferStatus(GLenum target):
'''See: `glCheckFramebufferStatus() on Kronos website
<http://www.khronos.org/opengles/sdk/docs/man/xhtml/glCheckFramebufferStatus.xml>`_
'''
cdef GLenum result
result = c_opengl.CheckFramebufferStatus(target)
^
------------------------------------------------------------
kivy/graphics/opengl.pyx:544:21: cimported module has no attribute 'CheckFramebufferStatus'
STDERR:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 193, in _run_module_as_main
"__main__", mod_spec)
File "/usr/lib/python3.7/runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 1294, in <module>
main()
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/entrypoints.py", line 18, in main
ToolchainCL()
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 728, in __init__
getattr(self, command)(args)
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 151, in wrapper_func
build_dist_from_args(ctx, dist, args)
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/toolchain.py", line 213, in build_dist_from_args
args, "ignore_setup_py", False
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/build.py", line 596, in build_recipes
recipe.build_arch(arch)
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/recipe.py", line 1059, in build_arch
self.build_cython_components(arch)
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/recipe.py", line 1084, in build_cython_components
self.cythonize_build(env=env)
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/recipes/kivy/__init__.py", line 18, in cythonize_build
super().cythonize_build(env, build_dir=build_dir)
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/recipe.py", line 1132, in cythonize_build
self.cythonize_file(env, build_dir, join(root, filename))
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/recipes/kivy/__init__.py", line 39, in cythonize_file
super().cythonize_file(env, build_dir, filename)
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/recipe.py", line 1123, in cythonize_file
filename, *self.cython_args, _env=cyenv)
File "/content/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android/pythonforandroid/logger.py", line 167, in shprint
for line in output:
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/sh.py", line 953, in next
self.wait()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/sh.py", line 879, in wait
self.handle_command_exit_code(exit_code)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/sh.py", line 905, in handle_command_exit_code
raise exc
sh.ErrorReturnCode_1:
RAN: /usr/bin/python3 '-cimport sys; from Cython.Compiler.Main import setuptools_main; sys.exit(setuptools_main());' ./kivy/graphics/opengl.pyx
STDOUT:
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/Cython/Compiler/Main.py:369: FutureWarning: Cython directive 'language_level' not set, using 2 for now (Py2). This will change in a later release! File: /content/.buildozer/android/platform/build-arm64-v8a_armeabi-v7a/build/other_builds/kivy/armeabi-v7a__ndk_target_21/kivy/kivy/graphics/opengl.pyx
tree = Parsing.p_module(s, pxd, full_module_name)
Error compiling Cython file:
------------------------------------------------------------
...
def glCheckFramebufferStatus(GLenum target):
'''See: `glCheckFramebufferStatus() on Kronos website
<http://www.khronos.org/opengles/sdk/docs/man/xhtml/glCheckFramebufferStatus.xml>`_
'''
cdef GLenum result
result = c_opengl.CheckFramebufferStatus(target)
^
------------------------------------------------------------
kivy/graphics/opengl.pyx:544:21: cimported module has no attribute 'CheckFramebufferStatus'
STDERR:
# Command failed: /usr/bin/python3 -m pythonforandroid.toolchain create --dist_name=MyApp1 --bootstrap=sdl2 --requirements=python3,kivy==1.9.1 --arch arm64-v8a --arch armeabi-v7a --copy-libs --color=always --storage-dir="/content/.buildozer/android/platform/build-arm64-v8a_armeabi-v7a" --ndk-api=21 --ignore-setup-py --debug
# ENVIRONMENT:
# CUDNN_VERSION = '8.0.5.39'
# PYDEVD_USE_FRAME_EVAL = 'NO'
# LD_LIBRARY_PATH = '/usr/local/nvidia/lib:/usr/local/nvidia/lib64'
# CLOUDSDK_PYTHON = 'python3'
# LANG = 'en_US.UTF-8'
# ENABLE_DIRECTORYPREFETCHER = '1'
# HOSTNAME = 'ccdae318878b'
# OLDPWD = '/'
# CLOUDSDK_CONFIG = '/content/.config'
# USE_AUTH_EPHEM = '1'
# NVIDIA_VISIBLE_DEVICES = 'all'
# DATALAB_SETTINGS_OVERRIDES = '{"kernelManagerProxyPort":6000,"kernelManagerProxyHost":"172.28.0.3","jupyterArgs":["--ip=172.28.0.2"],"debugAdapterMultiplexerPath":"/usr/local/bin/dap_multiplexer","enableLsp":true}'
# ENV = '/root/.bashrc'
# PAGER = 'cat'
# NCCL_VERSION = '2.7.8'
# TF_FORCE_GPU_ALLOW_GROWTH = 'true'
# JPY_PARENT_PID = '41'
# NO_GCE_CHECK = 'False'
# PWD = '/content'
# HOME = '/root'
# LAST_FORCED_REBUILD = '20220628'
# CLICOLOR = '1'
# DEBIAN_FRONTEND = 'noninteractive'
# LIBRARY_PATH = '/usr/local/cuda/lib64/stubs'
# GCE_METADATA_TIMEOUT = '3'
# GLIBCPP_FORCE_NEW = '1'
# TBE_CREDS_ADDR = '172.28.0.1:8008'
# TERM = 'xterm-color'
# SHELL = '/bin/bash'
# GCS_READ_CACHE_BLOCK_SIZE_MB = '16'
# PYTHONWARNINGS = 'ignore:::pip._internal.cli.base_command'
# MPLBACKEND = 'module://ipykernel.pylab.backend_inline'
# CUDA_VERSION = '11.1.1'
# NVIDIA_DRIVER_CAPABILITIES = 'compute,utility'
# SHLVL = '1'
# PYTHONPATH = '/env/python'
# NVIDIA_REQUIRE_CUDA = ('cuda>=11.1 brand=tesla,driver>=418,driver<419 '
'brand=tesla,driver>=440,driver<441 brand=tesla,driver>=450,driver<451')
# TBE_EPHEM_CREDS_ADDR = '172.28.0.1:8009'
# COLAB_GPU = '0'
# GLIBCXX_FORCE_NEW = '1'
# PATH = '/root/.buildozer/android/platform/apache-ant-1.9.4/bin:/opt/bin:/usr/local/nvidia/bin:/usr/local/cuda/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/tools/node/bin:/tools/google-cloud-sdk/bin'
# LD_PRELOAD = '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtcmalloc.so.4'
# GIT_PAGER = 'cat'
# _ = '/usr/local/bin/buildozer'
# PACKAGES_PATH = '/root/.buildozer/android/packages'
# ANDROIDSDK = '/root/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk'
# ANDROIDNDK = '/root/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r19c'
# ANDROIDAPI = '27'
# ANDROIDMINAPI = '21'
#
# Buildozer failed to execute the last command
# The error might be hidden in the log above this error
# Please read the full log, and search for it before
# raising an issue with buildozer itself.
# In case of a bug report, please add a full log with log_level = 2
如果有人能帮助我，我将不胜感激。
【问题讨论】：
-
尝试将您的 Cython 降级到 0.25.2 并重建 apk。
-
不起作用...当我尝试命令“!pip install cython==0.25.2”时，出现错误：错误：cython 的构建轮失败。最后，colab 安装了 cython 0.29.30 版本，不幸的是它不适用于这个......
标签： python android python-3.x kivy google-colaboratory