英文链接: http://atlas.asp.net/docs/atlas/doc/javascript/default.aspx
按我的理解,面向对象基本的特性无非六个字:封装、继承和多态。研究了Atlas的文档之后,发现它的Javascript脚本库把这几个特性都实现了。Ok, Let go......
先看看封装
Atlas提供了命名空间Namespace的功能来隔离命名冲突,而且在类中可以定义私有变量,达到的封装的目的。可惜的是类的方法好像只能是公共的。
以下是示例代码(所有的示例代码来自于原文链接)
Type.registerNamespace("Demo");


Demo.Person = function(firstName, lastName, emailAddress)
{
var _firstName = firstName;
var _lastName = lastName;
var _emailAddress = emailAddress;

this.getFirstName = function()
{
return _firstName;
}

this.getLastName = function()
{
return _lastName;
}

this.getEmailAddress = function()
{
return _emailAddress;
}

this.setEmailAddress = function(emailAddress)
{
_emailAddress = emailAddress;
}

this.getName = function()
{
return _firstName + \' \' + _lastName;
}


this.dispose = function()
{
alert(\'bye \' + this.getName());
}
}
Demo.Person.registerClass(\'Demo.Person\', null, Sys.IDisposable);
定义了以上的Demo.Person类之后,就可以在页面中的Javascript代码中按OO的方法使用了。
var testPerson = new Demo.Person(\'John\', \'Smith\', \'john.smith@example.com\');
alert(testPerson.getFirstName() + " " + testPerson.getLastName() );
然后来看看继承

Demo.Person.prototype.sendMail = function()
{
var emailAddress = this.getEmailAddress();


if (emailAddress.indexOf(\'@\') < 0)
{
emailAddress = emailAddress + \'@example.com\';
}
alert(\'Sending mail to \' + emailAddress + \'
\');
}


Demo.Person.prototype.toString = function()
{
return this.getName() + \' (\' + this.getEmailAddress() + \')\';
}


Demo.Employee = function(firstName, lastName, emailAddress, team, title)
{
Demo.Employee.initializeBase(this, [firstName, lastName, emailAddress]);
var _team = team;
var _title = title;

this.getTeam = function()
{
return _team;
}

this.setTeam = function(team)
{
_team = team;
}

this.getTitle = function()
{
return _title;
}

this.setTitle = function(title)
{
_title = title;
}
}
Demo.Employee.registerClass(\'Demo.Employee\', Demo.Person);


Demo.Employee.prototype.toString = function()
{
return Demo.Employee.callBaseMethod(this, \'toString\') + \'\r\n\' + this.getTitle() + \'\r\n\' + this.getTeam();
}
简单地说,就是用prototype定义虚函数。使用registerCalss定义基类,构造函数调用initializeBase
最后,我们来看看多态
其实上面的代码toString函数已经实现了继承的多态。我们再来看看接口实现的多态:
Type.registerNamespace("Demo.Animals");


Demo.Animals.IPet = function()
{
this.returnFriendlyName = Function.abstractMethod;
}
Demo.Animals.IPet.registerInterface(\'Demo.Animals.IPet\');



Demo.Animals.Animal = function(name)
{
var _name = name;

this.returnName = function()
{
return _name;
}
}
Demo.Animals.Animal.registerAbstractClass(\'Demo.Animals.Animal\');


Demo.Animals.Animal.prototype.toStringCustom = function()
{
return this.returnName();
}
Demo.Animals.Animal.prototype.speak = Function.abstractMethod;



Demo.Animals.Pet = function(name, friendlyName)
{
Demo.Animals.Pet.initializeBase(this, [name]);
var _friendlyName = friendlyName;

this.returnFriendlyName = function()
{
return _friendlyName;
}
}
Demo.Animals.Pet.registerAbstractClass(\'Demo.Animals.Pet\', Demo.Animals.Animal, Demo.Animals.IPet);



Demo.Animals.Cat = function(friendlyName)
{
Demo.Animals.Cat.initializeBase(this, [\'Cat\', friendlyName]);
}
Demo.Animals.Cat.registerClass(\'Demo.Animals.Cat\', Demo.Animals.Pet);


Demo.Animals.Cat.prototype.speak = function()
{
alert(\'meow\');
}


Demo.Animals.Cat.prototype.toStringCustom = function()
{
return \'Pet \' + Demo.Animals.Cat.callBaseMethod(this, \'toStringCustom\');
}


Demo.Animals.Felix = function()
{
Demo.Animals.Felix.initializeBase(this, [\'Felix\']);
}
Demo.Animals.Felix.registerClass(\'Demo.Animals.Felix\', Demo.Animals.Cat);


Demo.Animals.Felix.prototype.toStringCustom = function()
{
return Demo.Animals.Felix.callBaseMethod(this, \'toStringCustom\') + \'
its Felix!\';
}



Demo.Animals.Dog = function(friendlyName)
{
Demo.Animals.Dog.initializeBase(this, [\'Dog\', friendlyName]);
}
Demo.Animals.Dog.registerClass(\'Demo.Animals.Dog\', Demo.Animals.Pet);


Demo.Animals.Dog.prototype.speak = function()
{
alert(\'woof\');
}



Demo.Animals.Tiger = function()
{
Demo.Animals.Tiger.initializeBase(this, [\'Tiger\']);
}
Demo.Animals.Tiger.registerClass(\'Demo.Animals.Tiger\', Demo.Animals.Animal);


Demo.Animals.Tiger.prototype.speak = function()
{
alert(\'grrr\');
}
首先,用registerInterface定义一个接口
然后,在registerClass的时候,第三个参数指定类实现了哪个接口
Atlas还支持抽象类的定义(registerAbstractClass)
确实算是比较完备了。
看到这里,还是比较兴奋。Javascript终于也可以以OOP的方式来编写了,其扩展的潜力不可低估啊。