转载自：数学的美学世界-人人小站
Symbols
| + | plus | /\'plʌs/ |
| - | minus | /\'maɪnəs/ |
| ± | plus or minus | /\'plʌs ɔ: \'maɪnəs/ |
| x | multiplied by | /\'mʌltɪplaɪd baɪ/ |
| / | over; divided by | /\'əʊvə/ /dɪ\'vaɪdəd/ |
| ÷ | divided | /dɪ\'vaɪdəd/ |
| = | equals | /\'ɪ:kwəlz/ |
| ≈ | approximately, similar | /ə\'prɒksɪmətlɪ/ /\'sɪmɪlə tʊ/ |
| ≡ | equivalent to; identical | /ɪk\'wɪvələnt tʊ/ /aɪ\'dentɪkl tʊ/ |
| ≠ | not equal to | /\'nɒt \'iːkwəl tʊ/ |
| > | greater than | /\'greɪtə ðən/ |
| < | less than | /\'les ðən/ |
| ≥ | greater than or equal to | /\'greɪtə ðən ər \'iːkwəl tʊ/ |
| ≤ | less than or equal to | /\'les ðən ər\' iːkwəl tʊ/ |
| ⊁ | not greater than | /\'nɒt \'greɪtə ðən/ |
| ⊀ | not less than | /\'nɒt \'les ðən/ |
| ≫ | much greater than | /\'mʌʧ \'greɪtə ðən/ |
| ≪ | much less than | /\'mʌʧ \'les ðən/ |
| ⊥ | perpendicular to | /pɜːpən\'dɪkjʊlə tʊ/ |
| ∣∣ | parallel to | /\'pærəlel tʊ/ |
| ≢ | not equivalent to, not identical to | /\'nɒt ɪk\'wɪvələnt tʊ/ /\'nɒt aɪ\'dentɪkl tʊ/ |
| ≄≉ | not similar to | /\'nɒt \'sɪmɪlə tʊ/ |
| ² | squared | /\'skweəd/ |
| ³ | cubed | /\'kju:bd/ |
| 4 | to the fourth; to the power four | /tə ðə \'fɔːθ/ /te ðə \'pɑʊə fɔː/ |
| n | to the n; to the nth; to the power n | /tə ðɪ en; tə dɪ enθ; tə ðə pɑʊər en/ |
| √ | root; square root | /ru:t/ /skweə ru:t/ |
| ∛ | cube root | /kju:b ru:t/ |
| ∜ | fourth root | /fɔːθ ruːt/ |
| ! | factorial | /fæk\'tɔːrɪəl/ |
| % | percent | /pə\'sent/ |
| ∞ | infinity | /ɪn\'fɪnətɪ/ |
| ∝ | varies as; proportional to | /\'vɛərɪz/ /prə\'pɔːʃənəl/ |
| ˙ | dot | /dɒt/ |
| ¨ | double dot | /dʌbl dɒt/ |
| : | is to, ratio of | /reɪʃɪəʊ/ |
| f(x) fx | f; function | /ef/ /\'fʌŋkʃən/ |
| f\'(x) | f dash; derivative | /dæʃ/ /dɪ\'rɪvətɪv/ |
| f\'\'x | f double-dash; second derivative | /\'dʌbl dæʃ/ /\'sekənd dɪ\'rɪvətɪv/ |
| f\'\'\'(x) | f triple-dash; f treble-dash; third derivative | /\'trɪpl dæʃ/ / trebl dæʃ/ /θɜ:d dɪ\'rɪvətɪv/ |
| f(4) | f four; fourth derivative | /fɔːθ dɪ\'rɪvətɪv/ |
| ∂ | partial derivative, delta | /paːʃəl dɪ\'rɪvətɪv/ /deltə/ |
| ∫ | integral | /\'ɪntɪgrəl/ |
| ∑ | sum | /sʌm/ |
| w.r.t. | with respect to | /wɪð \'rɪspekt/ |
| log | log | /lɒg/ |
| log₂x | log to the base 2 of x | /lɒg tə ðə beɪs tu: əv eks/ |
| ∴ | therefore | /\'ðɛəfɔː/ |
| ∵ | because | /bɪ\'kɒz/ |
| → | gives, leads to, approaches | /gɪvz/ /li:dz tʊ/ /əprəʊʧəz/ |
| / | per | /pɜ:/ |
| ∈ | belongs to; a member of; an element of | /bɪ\'lɒŋz/ /\'membə/ /\'elɪmənt/ |
| ∉ | does not belong to; is not a member of; is not an element of | /nɒt bɪ\'lɒŋ/ /nɒt ə \'membə/ /nɒt ən \'elɪmənt/ |
| ⊂ | contained in; a proper subset of | /kən\'teɪnd ɪn/ /\'prɒpə \'sʌbset/ |
| ⊆ | contained in; subset | /\'sʌbset/ |
| ⋂ | intersection | /\'ɪntəsekʃən/ |
| ⋃ | union | /\'juːnɪən/ |
| ∀ | for all | /fə rɔ:l/ |
| cos x | cos x; cosine x | /kɒz/ |
| sin x | sine x | /saɪn/ |
| tan x | tangent x | /tan/ |
| cosec x | cosec x | /\'kəʊsek/ |
| sinh x | shine x | /\'ʃaɪn/ |
| cosh x | cosh x | /\'kɒʃ/ |
| tanh x | than x | /θæn/ |
| |x| | mod x; modulus x | /mɒd/ /\'mɒdjʊləs/ |
| ℃ | degrees Centigrade | /dɪ\'gri:z \'sentɪgreɪd/ |
| ℉ | degrees Fahrenheit | /dɪ\'gri:z \'færənhaɪt/ |
| °K | degrees Kelvin | /dɪ\'gri:z \'kelvɪn/ |
| 0°K, –273.15 °C | absolute zero | /absəlu:t zi:rəʊ/ |
| mm | millimetre | /\'mɪlɪmiːtə/ |
| cm | centimetre | /\'sentɪmiːtə/ |
| cc, cm³ | cubic centimetre, centimetre cubed | /\'kjuːbɪk \'sentɪmiːtə/ /\'sentɪmiːtə \'kju:bd/ |
| m | metre | /\'miːtə/ |
| km | kilometre | /kɪ\'lɒmɪtə/ |
| mg | milligram | /\'mɪlɪgræm/ |
| g | gram | /græm/ |
| kg | kilogram | /\'kɪləgræm/ |
| AC | A.C. | /eɪ si:/ |
| DC | D.C. | /di: si:/ |
Examples
| x + 1 | x plus one |
| x -1 | x minus one |
| x ± 1 | x plus or minus one |
| xy | x y; x times y; x multiplied by y |
| (x — y)(x + y) | x minus y, x plus y |
| x/y | x over y; x divided by y; |
| x ÷ y | x divided by y |
| x = 5 | x equals 5; x is equal to 5 |
| x ≈ y | x is approximately equal to y |
| x ≡ y | x is equivalent to y; x is identical with y |
| x ≠ y | x is not equal to y |
| x > y | x is greater than y |
| x < y | x is less than y |
| x ≥ y | x is greater than or equal to y |
| x ≤ y | x is less than or equal to y |
| 0 < x < 1 | zero is less than x is less than 1; x is greater than zero and less than 1 |
| 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 | zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1; x is greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to 1 |
| x² | x squared |
| x³ | x cubed |
| x4 | x to the fourth; x to the power four |
| xn | x to the n; x to the nth; x to the power n |
| x-n | x to the minus n; x to the power of minus n |
| √ | root x; square root x; the square root of x |
| ∛ | the cube root of x |
| ∜ | the fourth root of x |
| the nth root of x | |
| (x + y)² | x plus y all squared |
| (x/y)² | x over y all squared |
| n! | n factorial; factorial n |
| x% | x percent |
| ∞ | infinity |
| x ∝ y | x varies as y; x is (directly) proportional to y |
| x ∝ 1/y | x varies as one over y; x is indirectly proportional to y |
| ẋ | x dot |
| ẍ | x double dot |
| f(x) fx | f of x; the function of x |
| f\'(x) | f dash x; the (first) derivative of with respect to x |
| f\'\'x | f double-dash x; the second derivative of f with respect to x |
| f\'\'\'(x) | f triple-dash x; f treble-dash x; the third derivative of f with respect to x |
| f(4) | f four x; the fourth derivative of f with respect to x |
| ∂v | the partial derivative of v |
| ∂v∂θ | delta v by delta theta, the partial derivative of v with respect to θ |
| ∂²v∂θ² | delta two v by delta theta squared; the second partial derivative of v with respect to θ |
| dv | the derivative of v |
| dvdθ | d v by d theta, the derivative of v with respect to theta |
| d²vdθ² | d 2 v by d theta squared, the second derivative of v with respect to theta, |
| ∫ | integral |
| integral from zero to infinity | |
| ∑ | sum |
| the sum from i equals 1 to n | |
| w.r.t. | with respect to |
| logey | log to the base e of y; log y to the base e; natural log (of) y |
| ∴ | therefore |
| ∵ | because |
| → | gives, approaches |
| Δx → 0 | delta x approaches zero |
| limΔx→0 | the limit as delta x approaches zero, the limit as delta x tends to zero |
| LtΔx→0 | the limit as delta x approaches zero, the limit as delta x tends to zero |
| m/sec | metres per second |
| x ∈ A | x belongs to A; x is a member of A; x is an element of A |
| x∉ A | x does not belong to A; x is not a member of A; x is not an element of A |
| A⊂ B | A is contained in B; A is a proper subset of B |
| A ⊆ B | A is contained in B; A is a subset of B |
| A ⋂ B | A intersection B |
| A ⋃ B | A union B |
| cos x | cos x; cosine x |
| sin x | sine x |
| tan x | tangent x, tan x |
| cosec x | cosec x |
| sinh x | shine x |
| cosh x | cosh x |
| tanh x | than x |
| |x| | mod x; modulus x |
| 18 ℃ | eighteen degrees Centigrade |
| 70 ℉ | seventy degrees Fahrenheit |
Greek alphabet
| Α | α | alpha | /\'ælfə/ |
| Β | β | beta | /\'bi:tə/ |
| Γ | γ | gamma | /\'gæmə/ |
| Δ | δ | delta | /\'deltə/ |
| Ε | ε | epsilon | /\'epsilən/ |
| Ζ | ζ | zeta | /\'ziːtə/ |
| Η | η | eta | /\'iːtə/ |
| Θ | θ | theta | /\'θiːtə/ |
| Ι | ι | iota | /aɪ\'əʊtə/ |
| Κ | κ | kappa | /\'kæpə/ |
| Λ | λ | lamda | /\'læmdə/ |
| Μ | μ | mu | /\'mjuː/ |
| Ν | ν | nu | /\'njuː/ |
| Ξ | ξ | xi | /\'ksaɪ/ |
| Ο | ο | omicron | /\'əʊmɪkrən/ |
| Π | π | pi | /\'paɪ/ |
| Ρ | ρς | rho | /\'rəʊ/ |
| Σ | σ | sigma | /\'sɪgmə/ |
| Τ | τ | tau | /\'tɑʊ/ |
| Υ | υ | upsilon | /\'jʊpsɪlən/ |
| Φ | φ | phi | /\'faɪ/ |
| Χ | χ | chi | /\'kaɪ/ |
| Ψ | ψ | psi | /\'psaɪ/ |
| Ω | ω | omega | /\'əʊmɪgə/ |
^
Roman alphabet
| A | a | /\'eɪ/ |
| B | b | /\'biː/ |
| C | c | /\'siː/ |
| D | d | /\'diː/ |
| E | e | /\'iː/ |
| F | f | /\'ef/ |
| G | g | /\'ʤiː/ |
| H | h | /\'eɪʧ/ |
| I | i | /\'aɪ/ |
| J | j | /\'ʤeɪ/ |
| K | k | /\'keɪ/ |
| L | l | /\'el/ |
| M | m | /\'em/ |
| N | n | /\'en/ |
| O | o | /\'əʊ/ |
| P | p | /\'piː/ |
| Q | q | /\'kjuː/ |
| R | r | /\'ɑː/ |
| S | s | /\'es/ |
| T | t | /\'ti:/ |
| U | u | /\'ju:/ |
| V | v | /\'vi:/ |
| W | w | /\'dʌbljuː/ |
| X | x | /\'eks/ |
| Y | y | /\'waɪ/ |
| Z | z | /\'zed/ |
^
Fractions
| ½ | a half | /ə \'hɑ:f/ |
| ¼ | a quarter | /ə \'kwɔːtə/ |
| ¾ | three quarters | /θriː \'kwɔːtəz/ |
| ⅓ | a third | /ə \'θɜ:d/ |
| ⅔ | two thirds | /tu: \'θɜ:dz/ |
| ⅕ | a fifth | /ə \'fɪfθ/ |
| ⅖ | two fifths | /tu: \'fɪfθs/ |
| ⅗ | three fifths | /θriː \'fɪfθs/ |
| ⅘ | four fifths | /fɔː \'fɪfθs/ |
| ⅙ | a sixth | /ə \'sɪksθ/ |
| ⅚ | five sixths | /faɪv \'sɪksθs/ |
| ⅛ | an eighth | /ən \'eɪtθ/ |
| ⅜ | three eighths | /θriː \'eɪtθs/ |
| ⅝ | five eighths | /faɪv \'eɪtθs/ |
| ⅞ | seven eighths | /sevən \'eɪtθs/ |
^
Decimal Fractions
| 0.1 | nought point one | /nɔ:t pɔɪnt wʌn/ |
| 0.01 | nought point oh one | /nɔ:t pɔɪnt əʊ wʌn/ |
| 0.0001 | nought point oh oh oh one | /ten pɔɪnt əʊ əʊ əʊ wʌn/ |
| 1.1 | one point one | /wʌn pɔɪnt wʌn/ |
| 1.2 | one point two | /wʌn pɔɪnt tu:/ |
| 1.23 | one point two three | /wʌn pɔɪnt tu: θri:/ |
| 1.0123 | one point oh one two three | /wʌn pɔɪnt əʊ wʌn tu: θri:/ |
| 10.01 | ten point oh one | /ten pɔɪnt əʊ wʌn/ |
| 21.57 | twenty-one point five seven | /\'twentɪ wʌn pɔɪnt faɪv \'sevən/ |
| 2.6666666666.... | two point six recurring | /tu: pɔɪnt sɪks rɪ\'kɜ:rɪŋ/ |
| 2.612361236123... | two point six one two three recurring | /tu: pɔɪnt sɪks wʌn tu: θri: rɪ\'kɜ:rɪŋ/ |
| 2.5 million | two point five million | /tu: pɔɪnt faɪv \'mɪljən/ |
^
SI Units: Prefixes
| 10-24 | yocto | y | /\'jɒktəʊ/ |
| 10-21 | zepto | z | /\'zeptəʊ/ |
| 10-18 | atto | a | /\'atəʊ/ |
| 10-15 | femto | f | /\'femtəʊ/ |
| 10-12 | pico | p | /\'pi:kəʊ/ |
| 10-9 | nano | n | /\'nanəʊ/ |
| 10-6 | micro | µ | /\'maɪkrəʊ/ |
| 10-3 | milli | m | /\'mɪlɪ/ |
| 10-2 | centi | c | /\'sentɪ/ |
| 10-1 | deci | d | /\'desɪ/ |
| 103 | kilo | k | /\'kɪləʊ/ |
| 106 | mega | M | /\'megə/ |
| 109 | giga | G | /\'gɪgə/ |
| 1012 | tera | T | /\'terə/ |
| 1015 | peta | P | /\'petə/ |
| 1018 | exa | E | /\'eksə/ |
| 1021 | zetta | Z | /\'zetə/ |
| 1024 | yotta | Y | /\'jɒtə/ |
| 1027 | xona | X | /\'zəʊnə/ |
| 1030 | weka | W | /\'wekə/ |
| 1033 | vunda | V | /\'vʊndə/ |
^
Cardinal Numbers
| 1 | one | /wʌn/ |
| 2 | two | /tu:/ |
| 3 | three | /θri:/ |
| 4 | four | /fɔː/ |
| 5 | five | /faɪv/ |
| 6 | six | /sɪks/ |
| 7 | seven | /\'sevən/ |
| 8 | eight | /eɪt/ |
| 9 | nine | /naɪn/ |
| 10 | ten | /ten/ |
| 11 | eleven | /ɪ\'levən/ |
| 12 | twelve | /twelv/ |
| 13 | thirteen | /θɜ:\'ti:n/ |
| 14 | fourteen | /fɔː\'ti:n/ |
| 15 | fifteen | /fɪf\'ti:n/ |
| 16 | sixteen | /sɪkst\'i:n/ |
| 17 | seventeen | /seven\'ti:n/ |
| 18 | eighteen | /eɪ\'ti:n/ |
| 19 | nineteen | /naɪn\'ti:n/ |
| 20 | twenty | /\'twentɪ/ |
| 21 | twenty-one | /twentɪ\'wʌn/ |
| 22 | twenty-two | /twentɪ\'tu:/ |
| 23 | twenty-three | /twentɪ\'θri:/ |
| 24 | twenty-four | /twentɪ\'fɔː/ |
| 25 | twenty-five | /twentɪ\'faɪv/ |
| 26 | twenty-six | /twentɪ\'sɪks/ |
| 27 | twenty-seven | /twentɪ\'sevən/ |
| 28 | twenty-eight | /twentɪ\'eɪt/ |
| 29 | twenty-nine | /twentɪ\'naɪn/ |
| 30 | thirty | /\'θɜ:tɪ/ |
| 40 | forty | /\'fɔːtɪ/ |
| 50 | fifty | /\'fɪftɪ/ |
| 60 | sixty | /\'sɪkstɪ/ |
| 70 | seventy | /\'sevəntɪ/ |
| 80 | eighty | /\'eɪtɪ/ |
| 90 | ninety | /\'naɪntɪ/ |
| 100 | a hundred; one hundred | /ə \'hʌndrəd/ /wʌn \'hʌndrəd/ |
| 101 | a hundred and one | /ə \'hʌndrəd ən wʌn/ |
| 102 | a hundred and two | /ə \'hʌndrəd ən tu:/ |
| 110 | a hundred and ten | /ə \'hʌndrəd ən ten/ |
| 120 | a hundred and twenty | /ə \'hʌndrəd ən \'twentɪ/ |
| 200 | two hundred | /tu: \'hʌndrəd/ |
| 300 | three hundred | /θri: \'hʌndrəd/ |
| 400 | four hundred | /fɔː \'hʌndrəd/ |
| 500 | five hundred | /faɪv \'hʌndrəd/ |
| 600 | six hundred | /sɪks \'hʌndrəd/ |
| 700 | seven hundred | /\'sevən \'hʌndrəd/ |
| 800 | eight hundred | /eɪt \'hʌndrəd/ |
| 900 | nine hundred | /naɪn \'hʌndrəd/ |
| 1 000 | a thousand, one thousand | /ə θ\'ɑʊzənd/ /wʌn \'θɑʊzənd/ |
| 1 001 | a thousand and one | /ə \'θɑʊzənd ən wʌn/ |
| 1 010 | a thousand and ten | /ə \'θɑʊzənd ən ten/ |
| 1 020 | a thousand and twenty | /ə \'θɑʊzənd ən \'twentɪ/ |
| 1 100 | one thousand, one hunded | /wʌn \'θɑʊzənd wʌn \'hʌndrəd/ |
| 1 101 | one thousand, one hundred and one | /wʌn \'θɑʊzənd wʌn \'hʌndrəd ən wʌn/ |
| 1 110 | one thousand, one hundred and ten | /wʌn \'θɑʊzənd wʌn \'hʌndrəd ən ten/ |
| 9 999 | nine thousand, nine hundred and ninety-nine | /naɪn \'θɑʊzənd naɪn \'hʌndrəd ən \'naɪntɪ \'naɪn/ |
| 10 000 | ten thousand | /ten \'θɑʊzənd/ |
| 15 356 | fifteen thousand, three hundred and fifty six | /\'fɪfti:n \'θɑʊzənd θri: \'hʌndrəd ən \'fɪftɪ sɪks/ |
| 100 000 | a hundred thousand | /ə \'hʌndrəd \'θɑʊzənd/ |
| 1 000 000 | a million | /ə \'mɪljən/ |
| 100 000 000 | a hundred million | /ə \'hʌndrəd \'mɪljən/ |
| 1 000 000 000 | a billion | /ə \'bɪljən/ |
| 100 000 000 000 | a hundred billion | /ə \'hʌndrəd \'bɪljən/ |
| 1 000 000 000 000 | a trillion | /ə \'trɪljən/ |
| 1 000 000 000 000 000 | a quadrillion | /ə kwɒdrɪljən/ |
| 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 | a quintillian | /ə kwɪn\'tɪljən/ |
| 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 | a sextillion | /ə seks\'tɪljən/ |
| 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 | a septillion | /ə sep\'tɪljən/ |
| 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 | an ocillion | /ən ɒkt\'tɪljən/ |
| 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 | a nonillion | /ə nɒn\'ɪljən/ |
| 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 | a decillion | /ə de\'sɪljən/ |
^
Ordinal Numbers
| 1st | first | /fɜ:st/ |
| 2nd | second | /\'sekənd/ |
| 3rd | third | /θɜ:d/ |
| 4th | fourth | /fɔ:θ/ |
| 5th | fifth | /fɪfθ/ |
| 6th | sixth | /sɪksθ/ |
| 7th | seventh | /\'sevənθ/ |
| 8th | eighth | /eɪtθ/ |
| 9th | ninth | /naɪnθ/ |
| 10th | tenth | /tenθ/ |
| 11th | eleventh | /ɪ\'levənθ/ |
| 12th | twelfth | /\'twelfθ/ |
| 13th | thirteenth | /θɜ:\'ti:nθ/ |
| 14th | fourtheenth | /fɔː\'ti:nθ/ |
| 15th | fidteenth | /fɪf\'ti:nθ/ |
| 16th | sixteenth | /sɪks\'ti:nθ/ |
| 17th | seventeenth | /seven\'ti:nθ/ |
| 18th | eighteenth | /eɪ\'ti:nθ/ |
| 19th | nineteenth | /naɪn\'ti:nθ/ |
| 20th | twentieth | /\'twentɪəθ/ |
| 21st | twenty-first | /twentɪ\'fɜ:st/ |
| 22nd | twenty-second | /twentɪ\'sekənd/ |
| 23rd | twenty-third | /twentɪ\'θɜ:d/ |
| 24th | twenty-fourth | /twentɪ\'fɔ:θ/ |
| 25th | twenty-fifth | /twentɪ\'fɪfθ/ |
| 26th | twenty-sixth | /twentɪ\'sɪksθ/ |
| 27th | twenty-seventh | /twentɪ\'sevənθ/ |
| 28th | twenty-eighth | /twentɪ\'eɪtθ/ |
| 29th | twenty-ninth | /twentɪ\'naɪnθ/ |
| 30th | thirtieth | /\'θɜːtɪəθ/ |
| 31st | thirty-first | /θɜːtɪ\'fɜ:st/ |
| 40th | fortieth | /\'fɔ:tɪəθ/ |
| 50th | fiftieth | /\'fɪftɪəθ/ |
| 100th | hundredth | /\'hʌndrədθ/ |
| 1 000th | thousandth | /\'θɑʊzəndθ/ |
| 1 000 000th | millionth | /\'mɪljənθ/ |