可以直接修改~/.gitconfig文件，也可以用命令配置一个可以实际使用的高效的Git环境。
username and email
这两项是必须的。
git config --global user.name gituser
git config --global user.email email@git.com
or
[user]
name = gituser
email = email@git.com
editor
git config --global core.editor "code -n -w"
or
[core]
editor = /usr/bin/code -n -w
指定外部编辑器用于编辑多行commit，比如vscode。
-
-n(new)打开新窗口编辑commit -
-w(wait)使git等待用户退出编辑器后才继续执行，以免执行git commit之后出现Aborting commit due to empty commit message.的错误
difftool and mergetool
using meld, for ubuntu:
sudo apt install meld
git config --global diff.tool meld
git config --global merge.tool meld
git config --global mergetool.keepBackup false
or
[diff]
tool = meld
[merge]
tool = meld
[mergetool]
keepBackup = false
-
keepBackup = false成功合并后可以自动删除备份文件。
alias
Git命令别名，更高效更快速更专业...a-ha......
git config --global alias.co checkout
git config --global alias.br branch
git config --global alias.ci commit
git config --global alias.st "status --short"
- 以
co作为checkout的别名，以此类推 -
st作为status --short的别名，输出信息更精简（虽然不符合linux命令越短事越大的风格）
配置文件如下：
[alias]
br = branch
brd = branch -d
ck = checkout
ckb = checkout -b
ckf = checkout --
cm = commit
cmm = commit -m
df = diff
lg = log --color --graph --pretty=format:\'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset\' --abbrev-commit
last = log -1 HEAD
mg = merge
ss = stash
st = status --short
stt = status
unstage = reset HEAD --
进一步，在linux的别名文件~/.bash_aliases中定义如下别名，这样可以更快的执行命令:
# git
alias gg=\'gitg\' # gitg
alias gadd=\'git add\'
alias gbr=\'git br\' # branch
alias gbrd=\'git brd\' # branch -d
alias gck=\'git ck\' # checkout
alias gckb=\'git ckb\' # checkout -b
alias gckf=\'git ckf\' # checkout --
alias gcm=\'git cm\' # commit
alias gcmm=\'git cmm\' # commit -m
alias gdf=\'git df\' # diff
alias gdfa=\'git diffall\' # git-diffall
alias gdfah=\'git diffall HEAD\' # git-diffall
alias gdfal=\'git diffall HEAD HEAD^1\'
alias glg=\'git lg\' # colorful oneline git log
alias glast=\'git last\' # log -1
alias gmg=\'git mg\' # merge
alias gss=\'git ss\' # stash
alias gst=\'git st\' # status --short
alias gstt=\'git stt\' # status