Oracle Database 12.1 中异机迁移恢复数据库（直接拷贝恢复）

1.准备工作

查询当前SCN

col current_scn form 99999999999999
SQL> select current_scn from v$database;
    CURRENT_SCN
---------------
  596552111115

显示当前DBID和DBName

SQL> select dbid,name from v$database;
      DBID NAME
 ---------- ---------
  35778902 ORCL

对当前重做日志进行归档

ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT;

准备备份数据

（1）0级备份，1级增量备份，备份时产生的FRA文件
（2）备份ARCHIVELOG 文件
（3）备份参数文件，命令：backup spfile format \'/backup/rman_backup/spfile%d_%s_%p_%u.%\'

2.异机恢复数据

创建密码文件

orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID force=y

准备环境和initPROD.ora

export ORACLE_SID=ORCL
echo $ORACLE_SID
vi initPROD.ora
db_name = ORCL

*.audit_file_dest=\'C:\app\Administrator\admin\orcl\adump\'
*.audit_trail=\'db\'
*.compatible=\'11.2.0.4.0\'
*.control_files=\'C:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl\control01.ctl\',\'C:\app\Administrator\oradata\orcl\control02.ctl\'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=\'\'
*.db_name=\'orcl\'
*.diagnostic_dest=\'C:\app\Administrator\'
*.dispatchers=\'(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)\'
*.log_archive_dest_1=\'LOCATION=C:\app\arch\'
*.memory_target=1234173952
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile=\'EXCLUSIVE\'
*.undo_tablespace=\'UNDOTBS1\'

将数据库启动到nomount状态

sqlplus / as sysdba
startup nomount pfile=/mnt/data/PBF/db/12.1.0/dbs/initPROD.ora;
or
startup nomount;

恢复参数文件并修改参数文件

rman target /
restore spfile to pfile \'/mnt/data/PBF/db/12.1.0/dbs/initPROD2.ora\' from \'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/spfilePROD_24tkm1i\';

修改pfile中的以下参数

mkdir -p /mnt/data/PBF/db/archive
mkdir -p /mnt/data/PBF/db/db_recovery_dest



control_files
diagnostic_dest
db_recovery_file_dest

重新启动

shutdown abort;
startup nomount;

恢复控制文件，修改数据库到mount状态，并交叉检查备份集

rman target /
restore controlfile from \'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/cntrl_20180312.ctl\';
alter database mount;
crosscheck backupset;

注册备份集文件和FRA中的文件，交叉检查备份集，并删除过期的备份集

catalog start with \'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/\';
crosscheck backupset;
delete noprompt expired backupset;

注册archivelog

CATALOG START WITH \'归档文件路径\'
recover database还原归档文件
或者
归档文件已经还原回来
CATALOG archivelog \'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/archive/1_2213_946160568.dbf\',\'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/archive/1_2214_946160568.dbf\',\'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/archive/1_2215_946160568.dbf\',\'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/archive/1_2216_946160568.dbf\',\'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/archive/1_2217_946160568.dbf\',\'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/archive/1_2218_946160568.dbf\',\'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/archive/1_2219_946160568.dbf\',\'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/archive/1_2220_946160568.dbf\',\'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/archive/1_2221_946160568.dbf\',\'/mnt/data/backup/PBF/archive/1_2222_946160568.dbf\';

由于路径不一样，使用以下语句批量生成

select \'set newname for datafile \'|| file_id || \' to \'\'/mnt/data/PBF/db/proddata/\' ||
  substr(name,instr(name,\'/\', -1) + 1) || \'\'\';\'
   from v$datafile
  order by file#;

或者在SQL下执行（生成的脚本在数据库中运行，上面的在rman中运行）

select \'alter database rename file\'\'\' || name|| \'\'\' to \'\'/mnt/data/PBF/db/proddata/\' || substr(name,instr(name,\'/\', -1) + 1) || \'\'\';\' from v$datafile order by file#;

--alter database rename file \'+DATA1/ORAPUABIS/TEMPFILE/temp.278.981310047\' to \'/oradata/orapuabis/temp001.dbf\';

在rman中执行以下脚本

run
{
allocate channel ch1 device type disk;
allocate channel ch2 device type disk;
allocate channel ch3 device type disk;
set newname for datafile 1 to \'/mnt/data/PBF/db/proddata/system01.dbf\';
set newname for datafile 2 to \'/mnt/data/PBF/db/proddata/system02.dbf\';
set newname for datafile 3 to \'/mnt/data/PBF/db/proddata/system03.dbf\';restore database;
restore archivelog from logseq 2213 until logseq 2222;
switch datafile all;
recover database until scn 5965538762695;
release channel ch1;
release channel ch2;
release channel ch3;
}

联机在线日志的处理

set linesize 180 pagesize 100
select \'alter database rename file \'\'\'||member||\'\'\' to \'\'/mnt/data/PBF/db/proddata/redoXXX.log\'\';\' from v\$logfile;

临时表空间文件的处理

set linesize 180 pagesize 100
select \'alter database rename file \'\'\'||name||\'\'\' to \'\'/mnt/data/PBF/db/proddata/tempXXX.dbf\'\';\' from v$tempfile;

处理 redolog重建时出现的 ORA-00312错误

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00392: log 4 of thread 1 is being cleared, operation not allowed
ORA-00312: online log 4 thread 1: \'/mnt/data/PBF/db/proddata/redo04a.log\'
ORA-00312: online log 4 thread 1: \'/mnt/data/PBF/db/proddata/redo04b.log\'

查询redolog文件及其状态

col group# form 99
 col bytes form 99999999999
 col status form a20
select group#,bytes/1024/1024||\'M\',status from v$log;

修改redolog文件的状态

alter database clear logfile group 1;
 alter database clear logfile group 2;
 alter database clear logfile group 3;
 alter database clear logfile group 4;
 alter database clear logfile group 5;

使用resetlogs方式打开

SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

create spfile from pfile;