java编写一个多线程的简单Web服务器
根据http协议的会话过程,实验实现了GET请求的web服务器的方法:
通过创建ServerSocket类对象。侦听用户指定端口,等待并接受客户机请求到端口。创建与Socket相关联的输入流输出流,然后读取客户机的请求信息。若请求类型为GET,则从请求信息中获取所访问的HTML文件名:如果文件存在,则打开,把HTML头信息和文件内容通过Socket传回给浏览器,然后关闭,否则发送错误提示。
1.主线程设计:
主线程的设计就是在主线程httpserver类中实现了服务器端口的侦听,服务器接受一个客户端请求之后创建一个线程实例处理请求:主要代码:
public static void main(String args[]) {
//端口信息
int port;
ServerSocket server_socket;
//读取服务器端口号
try {
port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
}
catch (Exception e) {
//为默认端口
port = 8888;
}
try {
//监听服务器端口,等待连接请求
server_socket = new ServerSocket(port);
System.out.println("httpServer running on port " +
server_socket.getLocalPort());
//显示启动信息
while(true) {
//服务器接收线程
Socket socket = server_socket.accept();
System.out.println("New connection accepted " +
socket.getInetAddress() +
":" + socket.getPort());
2.连接处理分线程设计
在分线程httpRequestHandler类中实现了http的处理,以下代码中设计的类实现了Runnable接口。
class httpRequestHandler implements Runnable {
final static String CRLF = "\r\n";
Socket socket;//套接字获得
InputStream input;//输入流
OutputStream output;//输出流
BufferedReader br;
//构造方法
public httpRequestHandler(Socket socket)
throws Exception {
this.socket = socket;
this.input = socket.getInputStream();//获得输入流
this.output = socket.getOutputStream();//获得输出流
this.br = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
}
//实现Runnable 接口的run()方法
public void run(){
try {
processRequest();
}
catch(Exception e) {
//打印错误信息
System.out.println(e);
}
}
3.构建processRequest()方法来处理信息的接受与发送
代码实现了Runnable接口的主要内容,在run()方法中调用processRequest()方法来处理客户请求的接受和服务器返回信息的发送。
private void processRequest() throws Exception {
while(true) {
//读取并显示Web 浏览器提交的请求信息
String headerLine = br.readLine();
System.out.println("The client request is " + headerLine);
if(headerLine.equals(CRLF) || headerLine.equals("")) break;
//中断程序
StringTokenizer s = new StringTokenizer(headerLine);
String temp = s.nextToken();//解析信息
if(temp.equals("GET")) {
String fileName = s.nextToken();
//fileName = "." + fileName ;
fileName ="C:/Inetpub/wwwroot"+fileName;
//打开所请求的文件
FileInputStream fis = null;
boolean fileExists = true;
在processRequest()方法中得到客户端请求后,利用一个StringTokenizer类完成了字符串的拆分,这个类可以根据字符串指定的分隔符将字符串拆分为字串的功能。利用nextToken()方法依次得到这些字串,sendBytes()方法完成信息内容的发送,contentType()用于判断文件类型。
4。测试程序:创建一个html格式的网页,名字为index.html存入默认的文件路径下。运行java程序,程序显示指定端口打开后,在浏览器输入http://localhost:指定端口(本程序8888)/index.html,看是否可以正确显示网页。
5.程序完整代码以及运行测试结果:
import java.net.*; import java.io.*; import java.util.*; public class httpServer{ public static void main(String args[]) { //端口信息 int port; ServerSocket server_socket; //读取服务器端口号 try { port = Integer.parseInt(args[0]); } catch (Exception e) { //为默认端口 port = 8888; } try { //监听服务器端口,等待连接请求 server_socket = new ServerSocket(port); System.out.println("httpServer running on port " + server_socket.getLocalPort()); //显示启动信息 while(true) { //服务器接收线程 Socket socket = server_socket.accept(); System.out.println("New connection accepted " + socket.getInetAddress() + ":" + socket.getPort()); //创建分线程 try { httpRequestHandler request = new httpRequestHandler(socket); Thread thread = new Thread(request); //启动线程 thread.start(); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println(e);//打印错误信息 } } } catch (IOException e) { //打印错误信息 System.out.println(e); } } } class httpRequestHandler implements Runnable { final static String CRLF = "\r\n"; Socket socket;//套接字获得 InputStream input;//输入流 OutputStream output;//输出流 BufferedReader br; //构造方法 public httpRequestHandler(Socket socket) throws Exception { this.socket = socket; this.input = socket.getInputStream();//获得输入流 this.output = socket.getOutputStream();//获得输出流 this.br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())); } //实现Runnable 接口的run()方法 public void run(){ try { processRequest(); } catch(Exception e) { //打印错误信息 System.out.println(e); } } private void processRequest() throws Exception { while(true) { //读取并显示Web 浏览器提交的请求信息 String headerLine = br.readLine(); System.out.println("The client request is " + headerLine); if(headerLine.equals(CRLF) || headerLine.equals("")) break; //中断程序 StringTokenizer s = new StringTokenizer(headerLine); String temp = s.nextToken();//解析信息 if(temp.equals("GET")) { String fileName = s.nextToken(); //fileName = "." + fileName ; fileName ="C:/Inetpub/wwwroot"+fileName; //打开所请求的文件 FileInputStream fis = null; boolean fileExists = true; try { fis = new FileInputStream(fileName);//文件输出流 } catch(FileNotFoundException e) { fileExists = false; System.err.println("file not found :"+fileName); } //完成回应消息 String serverLine = "Server: a simple java httpServer"; String statusLine = null;//状态行信息 String contentTypeLine = null;//内容类型行 String entityBody = null; String contentLengthLine = "error"; if(fileExists) { statusLine = "HTTP/1.0 200 OK" + CRLF ; contentTypeLine = "Content-type: " + contentType( fileName ) + CRLF ; contentLengthLine = "Content-Length: " + (new Integer(fis.available())).toString() + CRLF; } else { statusLine = "HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found" + CRLF ; contentTypeLine = "text/html" ; entityBody = "<HTML>" + "<HEAD><TITLE>404 Not Found</TITLE></HEAD>" + "<BODY>404 Not Found" + "<br>usage:http://yourHostName:port/"+ "fileName.html</BODY></HTML>" ; } // 发送到服务器信息 output.write(statusLine.getBytes()); output.write(serverLine.getBytes()); output.write(contentTypeLine.getBytes()); output.write(contentLengthLine.getBytes()); output.write(CRLF.getBytes()); // 发送信息内容 if (fileExists) { sendBytes(fis, output) ;//按字节发送信息 fis.close();//关闭文件 } else { output.write(entityBody.getBytes()); } } } //关闭套接字和流 try { output.close();//关闭输出流 br.close(); socket.close(); } catch(Exception e) {} } private static void sendBytes(FileInputStream fis, OutputStream os) throws Exception { // 创建一个 1K buffer byte[] buffer = new byte[1024] ; int bytes = 0 ; // 将文件输出到套接字输出流中 while ((bytes = fis.read(buffer)) != -1 ) { os.write(buffer, 0, bytes);//通过写缓冲的方式 } } private static String contentType(String fileName) { if (fileName.endsWith(".htm") || fileName.endsWith(".html")) { return "text/html"; } return "fileName";//返回文件名 } }
java程序运行结果:
打开浏览器输入网址:
此时java控制台显示