最近要开发1个接口，接收到1个指令后自动触发自动化测试，虽然也可以通过shell命令做这一步，但因为目前所有构建自动化的的动作都通过jenkins完成，所以想要尝试能不能用python去控制jenkins构建job。还真有！万能的python。想起来一句话，有趣的事，python永远不会缺席！
通过jenkins-python实现在后台操作jenkins构建job，只需要5步，并且前面4步都是简单的配置，用python代码实现操作也只有不到20行代码，很简单
step1:在jenkins中创建1个测试job
step2:查看Jenkins的User Id,并记录下来，等下配置python脚本时需要用到
step3:jenkins生成api-token，记录token至1个文档中，后面要用到
点击【保存】
step4:安装python-jenkins库
命令行安装
1 sudo pip install python-jenkins
pythonCharm安装：
当前使用的python-jenkins版本是1.5.0
接下来通过python脚本尝试构建一个jenkins项目
代码示例：
通过这个小示例，感觉用python-jenkins还是可以非常方便在的在后台操作jenkins的。
1 #导入依赖 2 import jenkins 3 4 #定义远程的jenkins master server 的url,以及port 5 jenkins_server_url = \'http://10.1.71.51:8080/jenkins\' 6 7 #定义用户的Userid 和 api token 8 user_id = \'admin\' 9 api_token = \'11a7a8151dbde5173fa19b346ad46b5efe\' 10 11 #实例化jenkins对象，连接远程的jenkins master server 12 server = jenkins.Jenkins(jenkins_server_url,username=user_id,password=api_token) 13 #打印一下server查是否连接成功 14 # print(server) #返回一个jenkins对象<jenkins.Jenkins object at 0x10807d190> 15 16 # 构建job名为testJob的job（不带构建参数） 17 # server.build_job(\'testJob\') 18 19 #查看某个job的构建信息 20 job_info=server.get_job_info(\'testJob\') 21 # print(job_info) 22 23 #获取job名为testJob的job的最后次构建号 24 lastbuildNumber=server.get_job_info(\'testJob\')[\'lastBuild\'][\'number\'] 25 26 #获取job名为testJob的job的最后1次构建的执行结果状态 27 result =server.get_build_info(\'testJob\',lastbuildNumber)[\'result\'] 28 29 #判断testJob是否还在构建中 30 status = server.get_build_info(\'testJob\',lastbuildNumber)[\'building\'] 31 print(status)
我们可以打印job_info可以一下会看到什么信息：
可以很明显看出来，get_job_info(\'job_name\')返回的是整个job的构建信息
job_info=server.get_job_info(\'testJob\')
1 {
2 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleProject\',
3 \'actions\': [
4 {
5
6 },
7 {
8
9 },
10 {
11
12 },
13 {
14 \'_class\': \'com.cloudbees.plugins.credentials.ViewCredentialsAction\'
15 }
16 ],
17 \'description\': \'\',
18 \'displayName\': \'testJob\',
19 \'displayNameOrNull\': None,
20 \'fullDisplayName\': \'testJob\',
21 \'fullName\': \'testJob\',
22 \'name\': \'testJob\',
23 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/\',
24 \'buildable\': True,
25 \'builds\': [
26 {
27 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild\',
28 \'number\': 25,
29 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/25/\'
30 },
31 {
32 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild\',
33 \'number\': 24,
34 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/24/\'
35 },
36 {
37 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild\',
38 \'number\': 23,
39 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/23/\'
40 }
41 ],
42 \'color\': \'blue\',
43 \'firstBuild\': {
44 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild\',
45 \'number\': 1,
46 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/1/\'
47 },
48 \'healthReport\': [
49 {
50 \'description\': \'Buildstability: Norecentbuildsfailed.\',
51 \'iconClassName\': \'icon-health-80plus\',
52 \'iconUrl\': \'health-80plus.png\',
53 \'score\': 100
54 }
55 ],
56 \'inQueue\': True,
57 \'keepDependencies\': False,
58 \'lastBuild\': {
59 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild\',
60 \'number\': 25,
61 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/25/\'
62 },
63 \'lastCompletedBuild\': {
64 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild\',
65 \'number\': 25,
66 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/25/\'
67 },
68 \'lastFailedBuild\': {
69 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild\',
70 \'number\': 7,
71 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/7/\'
72 },
73 \'lastStableBuild\': {
74 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild\',
75 \'number\': 25,
76 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/25/\'
77 },
78 \'lastSuccessfulBuild\': {
79 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild\',
80 \'number\': 25,
81 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/25/\'
82 },
83 \'lastUnstableBuild\': None,
84 \'lastUnsuccessfulBuild\': {
85 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild\',
86 \'number\': 7,
87 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/7/\'
88 },
89 \'nextBuildNumber\': 26,
90 \'property\': [
91
92 ],
93 \'queueItem\': {
94 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.Queue$WaitingItem\',
95 \'blocked\': False,
96 \'buildable\': False,
97 \'id\': 55,
98 \'inQueueSince\': 1567674112446,
99 \'params\': \'\',
100 \'stuck\': False,
101 \'task\': {
102 \'_class\': \'hudson.model.FreeStyleProject\',
103 \'name\': \'testJob\',
104 \'url\': \'http: //10.1.71.51/jenkins/job/testJob/\'
105 },
106 \'url\': \'queue/item/55/\',
107 \'why\': \'Inthequietperiod.Expiresin4.9秒\',
108 \'timestamp\': 1567674117446
109 },
110 \'concurrentBuild\': False,
111 \'downstreamProjects\': [
112
113 ],
114 \'labelExpression\': None,
115 \'scm\': {
116 \'_class\': \'hudson.scm.NullSCM\'
117 },
118 \'upstreamProjects\': [
119
120 ]
121 }
参考文档：
Python-Jenkins API使用 —— 在后端代码中操控Jenkins