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代码实现发邮件

Python的smtplib提供了一种很方便的途径发送电子邮件。它对smtp协议进行了简单的封装。

这里以QQ邮箱为例,首先要拿到授权码,这里登录你的QQ邮箱,在设置中,选择账号选项,下拉到POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务项,获取授权码。

以QQ邮箱为例,先把需要开启的任务弄好!!!

需要发其他邮箱请看博客https://www.cnblogs.com/Neeo/articles/11199127.html

发送普通文本邮件

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header

# 第三方 SMTP 服务
mail_host = "smtp.qq.com"  # 设置服务器
mail_user = "1206180814@qq.com"  # 用户名
mail_pass = "dfpcglacrjbybafa"  # 获取授权码
sender = \'1206180814@qq.com\'  # 发件人账号
receivers = [\'1206180814@qq.com\']  # 接收邮件,可设置为你的QQ邮箱或者其他邮箱
send_content = \'Python 邮件发送测试...\'
message = MIMEText(send_content, \'plain\', \'utf-8\')  # 第一个参数为邮件内容,第二个设置文本格式,第三个设置编码
message[\'From\'] = Header("我是发件人", \'utf-8\')  # 发件人
message[\'To\'] = Header("我是收件人", \'utf-8\')   # 收件人

subject = \'邮件大标题\'
message[\'Subject\'] = Header(subject, \'utf-8\')
try:
    smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP()
    smtpObj.connect(mail_host, 25)  # 25 为 SMTP 端口号
    smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
    smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string())
    print("邮件发送成功")
except smtplib.SMTPException:
    print("Error: 无法发送邮件")

运行结果如下:

发送HTML格式邮件

授权码都不变,只需将MIMEText的第二个参数的文本类型改一下即可:

改成html格式,相当于发的邮件内容是html页面的样子,send_contet= html前端的代码

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header

# 第三方 SMTP 服务
mail_host = "smtp.qq.com"  # 设置服务器
mail_user = "1206180814@qq.com"  # 用户名
mail_pass = "dfpcglacrjbybafa"  # 口令

sender = \'1206180814@qq.com\'
receivers = [\'1206180814@qq.com\']  # 接收邮件,可设置为你的QQ邮箱或者其他邮箱
send_content = """
<h1>天不生我李淳罡</h1>
<h1>剑道万古如长夜</h1>
<p>小二上酒</p>
<img src="https://ss0.baidu.com/73t1bjeh1BF3odCf/it/u=858168512,2130327819&fm=85&s=2E4020DF1CD035FBDC9D940A0300F0F3">
<div>阅读请&nbsp;<a href="https://www.37zw.net/0/761/">点我,点我</a></div>
"""
message = MIMEText(send_content, \'html\', \'utf-8\')  # 第一个参数为邮件内容
message[\'From\'] = Header("我是发件人", \'utf-8\')  # 发件人
message[\'To\'] = Header("我是收件人", \'utf-8\')  # 收件人

subject = \'雪中悍刀行\'
message[\'Subject\'] = Header(subject, \'utf-8\')

try:
    smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP()
    smtpObj.connect(mail_host, 25)  # 25 为 SMTP 端口号
    smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
    smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string())
    print("邮件发送成功")

except smtplib.SMTPException:
    print("Error: 无法发送邮件")

还有能发本地图片的邮件,我就不列举了,看博客https://www.cnblogs.com/Neeo/articles/11199127.html

发送带各式类型附件的邮件

发送带附件的邮件,首先要创建MIMEMultipart实例,然后在构建附件,如果有多个附件的话,可依次构建,最后利用smtplib.smtp发送:

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.header import Header

# 第三方 SMTP 服务
mail_host = "smtp.qq.com"  # 设置服务器
mail_user = "1206180814@qq.com"  # 用户名
mail_pass = "dfpcglacrjbybafa"  # 口令

sender = \'1206180814@qq.com\'
receivers = [\'1206180814@qq.com\']  # 接收邮件,可设置为你的QQ邮箱或者其他邮箱
# 创建一个带附件的实例
message = MIMEMultipart()
message[\'From\'] = Header("我是发件人", \'utf-8\')  # 发件人
message[\'To\'] = Header("我是收件人", \'utf-8\')   # 收件人

subject = \'Python发送带附件的邮件示例\'
message[\'Subject\'] = Header(subject, \'utf-8\')

# 邮件正文内容
send_content = \'hi man,你收到附件了吗?\'
content_obj = MIMEText(send_content, \'plain\', \'utf-8\')  # 第一个参数为邮件内容
message.attach(content_obj)

# 构造附件1,发送当前目录下的 t1.txt 文件
att1 = MIMEText(open(\'t1.txt\', \'rb\').read(), \'base64\', \'utf-8\')
att1["Content-Type"] = \'application/octet-stream\'
# 这里的filename可以任意写,写什么名字,邮件附件中显示什么名字
att1["Content-Disposition"] = \'attachment; filename="t1.txt"\'
message.attach(att1)

# 构造附件2,发送当前目录下的 t2.py 文件
att2 = MIMEText(open(\'t2.py\', \'rb\').read(), \'base64\', \'utf-8\')
att2["Content-Type"] = \'application/octet-stream\'
att2["Content-Disposition"] = \'attachment; filename="t2.py"\'
message.attach(att2)
try:
    smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP()
    smtpObj.connect(mail_host, 25)  # 25 为 SMTP 端口号
    smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
    smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string())
    print("邮件发送成功")

except smtplib.SMTPException:
    print("Error: 无法发送邮件")


如果要发送其他类型的,如果PDF、doc、xls、MP3格式的,我们都可以通过`MIMEApplication`来完成,`MIMEApplication`默认子类型是`application/octet-stream`,而`application/octet-stream`表明**这是个二进制文件,但愿接收方知道怎么处理!!!**,然后客户端收到这个声明后会根据文件扩展名来猜测。

import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.header import Header

# 第三方 SMTP 服务

mail_host = "smtp.qq.com"  # 设置服务器
mail_user = "1206180814@qq.com"  # 用户名
mail_pass = "dfpcglacrjbybafa"  # 口令

sender = \'1206180814@qq.com\'
receivers = [\'1206180814@qq.com\']  # 接收邮件,可设置为你的QQ邮箱或者其他邮箱

# 创建一个带附件的实例

message = MIMEMultipart()
message[\'From\'] = Header("我是发件人", \'utf-8\')  # 发件人
message[\'To\'] = Header("我是收件人", \'utf-8\')   # 收件人

subject = \'Python发送带附件的邮件示例\'
message[\'Subject\'] = Header(subject, \'utf-8\')

# 邮件正文内容

send_content = \'hi man,你收到附件了吗?\'
content_obj = MIMEText(send_content, \'plain\', \'utf-8\')  # 第一个参数为邮件内容
message.attach(content_obj)

# 构造附件1,发送当前目录下的 t1.txt 文件

part1 = MIMEApplication(open(\'t1.txt\', \'rb\').read())
part1.add_header(\'Content-Disposition\', \'attachment\', filename=\'t1.txt\')
message.attach(part1)

# 构造附件2,发送当前目录下的 bg.mp3 文件

part2 = MIMEApplication(open(\'bg.mp3\', \'rb\').read())
part2.add_header(\'Content-Disposition\', \'attachment\', filename=\'bg.mp3\')
message.attach(part2)

# 构造附件3,发送当前目录下的 t3.xls 文件

part3 = MIMEApplication(open(\'t3.xls\', \'rb\').read())
part3.add_header(\'Content-Disposition\', \'attachment\', filename=\'t3.xls\')
message.attach(part3)

# 构造附件4,发送当前目录下的 t4.doc 文件

part4 = MIMEApplication(open(\'t4.doc\', \'rb\').read())
part4.add_header(\'Content-Disposition\', \'attachment\', filename=\'t4.doc\')
message.attach(part4)

# 构造附件5,发送当前目录下的 t5.pdf 文件

part5 = MIMEApplication(open(\'t5.pdf\', \'rb\').read())
part5.add_header(\'Content-Disposition\', \'attachment\', filename=\'t5.pdf\')
message.attach(part5)

# 构造附件6,发送当前目录下的 img.jpg 文件

part6 = MIMEApplication(open(\'img.jpg\', \'rb\').read())
part6.add_header(\'Content-Disposition\', \'attachment\', filename=\'img.jpg\')
message.attach(part6)

try:
    smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP()
    smtpObj.connect(mail_host, 25)  # 25 为 SMTP 端口号
    smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
    smtpObj.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string())
    print("邮件发送成功")

except smtplib.SMTPException:
    print("Error: 无法发送邮件")

接收方改下扩展名就可以

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