和风天气会提供一个API接口,方便其他的开发人员或者是学生,之前做手机APP的时候就使用过,现在回头看数据爬虫的东西,发现之前的接口已经不能用了,好可惜啊。
虽然不能连接,但是展示下思路吧。
1.首先获取所有城市的ID
在https://dev.heweather.com/docs/refer/city下载中国城市的csv文件,运行下面这段代码可以提取所有城市ID:(要去除文件的第一行)
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv(\'china-city-list.csv\')
for item in df[\'City_ID\']:
print(item)
2.完成了城市编码的提取后,下一步就是调用接口获取数据,代码如下:
import requests
import time
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv(\'china-city-list.csv\')
for item in df[\'City_ID\']:
url = \'https://free-api.heweather.net/s6/weather/now?location=\' +item+ \'&key=1f0ed5e276a04402bc761d764d8f7cc8\'
strhtml = requests.get(url)
strhtml.encoding = \'utf8\'
time.sleep(1)
3.存储数据到MongoDB
import requests
import pymongo
import pandas as pd
# 建立链接,其中localhost是主机名,2017是端口号(默认情况下是这个参数)
client = pymongo.MongoClient(\'localhost\', 27017)
# 新建名为\'weather\'的数据库
book_weather = client[\'weather\']
# 新建名为\'sheet_weather_3\'的表
sheet_weather = book_weather[\'sheet_weather_3\']
df = pd.read_csv(\'china-city-list.csv\')
for item in df[\'City_ID\']:
url = \'https://free-api.heweather.net/s6/weather/now?location=\' +item+ \'&key=1f0ed5e276a04402bc761d764d8f7cc8\'
strhtml = requests.get(url)
strhtml.encoding = \'utf8\'
# requests库返回的数据可以编码成JSON格式的数据
dic = strhtml.json()
# 写入数据
sheet_weather.insert_one(dic)
MongoDB里没有数据啊。
4.MongoDB查询数据
4.1 查找键 HeWeather6.basic.location 值为北京的数据
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient(\'localhost\', 27017)
book_weather = client[\'weather\']
sheet_weather = book_weather[\'sheet_weather_3\']
for item in sheet_weather.find({\'HeWeather6.basic.location\':"北京"}):
print(item)
4.2 查询最低气温大于5度的城市,代码如下:
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient(\'localhost\', 27017)
book_weather = client[\'weather\']
sheet_weather = book_weather[\'sheet_weather_3\']
for item in sheet_weather.find():
tmp = item[\'HeWeather6\'][0][\'now\'][\'tmp\'][\'min\']
# 将表中的气温数据修改为数值型
sheet_weather.update_one({\'_id\':item[\'_id\']},{\'$set\':{\'HeWeather6.0.now.tmp\':int(tmp)}})
# 提取表中最低气温高于5摄氏度的城市
for item in sheet_weather.find({\'HeWeather6.0.now.tmp\':{\'$gt\':5}}):
print(item[\'HeWeather6\'][0][\'basic\'][\'city\'])
4.3 查询三天里,天气最低温大于5度的城市,代码如下:
import pymongo
client = pymongo.MongoClient(\'localhost\', 27017)
book_weather = client[\'weather\']
sheet_weather = book_weather[\'sheet_weather_3\']
for item in sheet_weather.find():
# 因为数据需要3天的天气预报,因此要循环3次
for i in range(3):
tmp = item[\'HeWeather6\'][0][\'daily_forecast\'][i][\'tmp\'][\'min\']
sheet_weather.update_one({\'_id\':item[\'_id\']},{\'$set\':{\'HeWeather6.0.daily_forecast.{}.tmp.min\'.format(i):int(tmp)}})
for item in sheet_weather.find({\'HeWeather6.0.daily_forecast.tmp.min\':{\'$gt\':5}}):
print(item[\'HeWeather6\'][0][\'basic\'][\'city\'])