安装mariadb 数据库 （默认没有密码，直接mysql即可进入数据库管理控制台）
yum install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs -y systemctl start mariadb netstat -tnlp |grep :3306
新建数据库
create database school default character set utf8;
CREATE TABLE student( s_id varchar(20), s_name varchar(20) not null default \'\', s_birth varchar(20) not null default \'\', s_sex varchar(10) not null default \'\', primary key(s_id) ); --课程表 create table course( c_id varchar(20), c_name varchar(20) not null default \'\', t_id varchar(20) not null, primary key(c_id) ); --教师表 create table teacher( t_id varchar(20), t_name varchar(20) not null default \'\', primary key(t_id) ); --成绩表 create table score( s_id varchar(20), c_id varchar(20), s_score int(3), primary key(s_id,c_id) ); --插入学生测试数据 insert into student values(\'1001\',\'zhaolei\',\'1990-1001-1001\',\'male\'); insert into student values(\'1002\',\'lihang\',\'1990-12-21\',\'male\'); insert into student values(\'1003\',\'yanwen\',\'1990-1005-20\',\'male\'); insert into student values(\'1004\',\'hongfei\',\'1990-1008-1006\',\'male\'); insert into student values(\'1005\',\'ligang\',\'1991-12-1001\',\'male\'); insert into student values(\'1006\',\'zhousheng\',\'1992-1003-1001\',\'male\'); insert into student values(\'1007\',\'wangjun\',\'1989-1007-1001\',\'male\'); insert into student values(\'1008\',\'zhoufei\',\'1990-1001-20\',\'male\'); --课程表测试数据 insert into course values(\'1001\',\'chinese\',\'1002\'); insert into course values(\'1002\',\'math\',\'1001\'); insert into course values(\'1003\',\'english\',\'1003\'); --教师表测试数据 insert into teacher values(\'1001\', \'aidisheng\'); insert into teacher values(\'1002\', \'aiyinsitan\'); insert into teacher values(\'1003\', \'qiansanqiang\'); --成绩表测试 insert into score values(\'1001\',\'1001\',80); insert into score values(\'1001\',\'1002\',90); insert into score values(\'1001\',\'1003\',99); insert into score values(\'1002\',\'1001\',70); insert into score values(\'1002\',\'1002\',60); insert into score values(\'1002\',\'1003\',80); insert into score values(\'1003\',\'1001\',80); insert into score values(\'1003\',\'1002\',80); insert into score values(\'1003\',\'1003\',80); insert into score values(\'1004\',\'1001\',50); insert into score values(\'1004\',\'1002\',30); insert into score values(\'1004\',\'1003\',20); insert into score values(\'1005\',\'1001\',76); insert into score values(\'1005\',\'1002\',87); insert into score values(\'1006\',\'1001\',31); insert into score values(\'1006\',\'1002\',34); insert into score values(\'1007\',\'1001\',58); insert into score values(\'1007\',\'1002\',88);
导入数据
mysql school < school.sql
mysql 常用选项
mysql命令参数详解
-u 用户名
-p 用户密码
-h 服务器ip地址
-D 连接的数据库
-N 不输出列信息
-B 使用tab键代替默认交互分隔符
-e 执行sql语句
其他选项
-E 垂直输出
-H 以HTML格式输出
-X 以XML格式输出
-D 指定数据库 -e 不用交互模式
mysql -D school -e "select * from student;";
-N 不显示列信息，-B 去除多余信息， -D 指定操作的数据库
mysql -B -N -D school -e "select * from student;";
-E 垂直显示
mysql -E -B -N -D school -e "select * from student;";
-H 以HTML格式显示
mysql -H -B -N -D school -e "select * from student;";
-X 以xml格式显示
mysql -X -B -N -D school -e "select * from student;" > result.xml
在 shell 脚本中操作mysql 数据库
operate_mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash # user="dbuser" password="123456" host="10.11.0.215" db_name="$1" SQL="$2" mysql -h"$host" -u"$user" -p"$password" -D"$1" -B -e "$SQL"
执行 sql 语句
sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from score"
插入数据
sh operate_mysql.sh school "insert into score values(\'1020\',\'1002\',\'100\');" sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from score"
导出txt文本，-B去掉多余的符号可以导入到excel表格中
sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from score" > result.txt
利用shell脚本将文本数据导入到mysql中
创建表结构和student一样结构的student1表
create table student1 like student;
data.txt
1010 jerry 1991-12-13 male 1011 mike 1991-12-13 female 1012 tracy 1991-12-13 male 1013 kobe 1991-12-13 male 1014 allen 1991-12-13 female 1015 curry 1991-12-13 male 1016 tom 1991-12-13 female
编写导入数据脚本 import_mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
user="dbuser"
password="123456"
host="10.11.0.215"
mysql_conn="mysql -h"$host" -u"$user" -p"$password""
cat data.txt | while read id name birth sex
do
$mysql_conn -e "INSERT INTO school.student1 values(\'$id\',\'$name\',\'$birth\',\'$sex\')"
done
执行脚本
sh import_mysql.sh
导入数据可以用load，有时候有一些特殊需求比如插入s_id大于1014的行，这个时候就需要使用 shell 语句进行过滤了
import_mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
user="dbuser"
password="123456"
host="10.11.0.215"
mysql_conn="mysql -h"$host" -u"$user" -p"$password""
cat data.txt | while read id name birth sex
do
# 有插入条件
if [ $id -gt 1014 ];then
$mysql_conn -e "INSERT INTO school.student1 values(\'$id\',\'$name\',\'$birth\',\'$sex\')"
fi
done
执行脚本
sh import_mysql.sh sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from student1"
需求2：
data2.txt
2021|hao|1989-12-21|male 2022|zhang|1989-12-21|male 2023|ouyang|1989-12-21|male 2024|li|1989-12-21|female
cat import_mysql-2.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
user="dbuser"
password="123456"
host="10.11.0.215"
# IFS是系统自带的变量，分隔符 input filre saperator
IFS="|"
cat data2.txt | while read id name birth sex
do
# 注意，当使用|类似这种特殊符号时，需要将mysql命令不写成命令，否则会报错
mysql -u"$user" -p"$password" -h"$host" -e "INSERT INTO school.student2 values(\'$id\',\'$name\',\'$birth\',\'$sex\')"
done
#
# 使用冒号: 分隔也没有问题
执行脚本
sh import_mysql-2.sh sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from student2"
data3.txt
2025:hao:1989-12-21:male 2026:zhang:1989-12-21:male 2027:ouyang:1989-12-21:male 2028:li:1989-12-21:female
import_mysql-2.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
user="dbuser"
password="123456"
host="10.11.0.215"
#mysql_conn="mysql -h"$host" -u"$user" -p"$password""
# IFS是系统自带的变量，分隔符 input filre saperator
IFS=":"
cat data3.txt | while read id name birth sex
do
mysql -u"$user" -p"$password" -h"$host" -e "INSERT INTO school.student2 values(\'$id\',\'$name\',\'$birth\',\'$sex\')"
done
执行脚本
sh import_mysql-2.sh sh operate_mysql.sh school "select * from student2"